The Association of Sperm DNA Fragmentation With Serum Lipid Profile Among Males With Abnormal Semen Parameters: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Through the ages, infertility, affecting 8% to 12% of couples worldwide, has been a perturbing clinical problem. Approximately 40% to 50% of all infertility cases are due to 'male factor' infertility. Semen analysis is crucial in routinely evaluating idiopathic male infertility.

Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Vasa Previa With Careful Intraoperative Management: A Case Report.

Vasa previa is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition to the fetus. Timely antenatal diagnosis and delivery by cesarean section (CS) can lead to a favorable outcome. Here, we report a case of recurrent pregnancy loss (G3A2) with vasa previa, which was diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound.

Prediction of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Risk Among Women with Medical Disorders Presenting to Emergency Obstetric care (EMOC): A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Medical disorders complicating pregnancy have recently emerged as the most common cause for maternal morbidity and mortality and it is important to predict mortality risk when they present in moribund state to emergency obstetric care so as to take and timely effective measures to prevent mortality.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months among pregnant and post-partum women with medical disorders who sought emergency obstetric care at a tertiary care hospital. Severity of morbidity was assessed using SOFA and APACHE II scores at admission.

A Rare Case of Lung Hypoplasia, Cardiac Anomalies and Ovarian Tumour in a Patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome.

Hypoplasia of the lung is an uncommon congenital abnormality of the respiratory system in contrast to pulmonary agenesis. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is the congenital absence of the upper two-thirds of the vagina and uterus with normal secondary sexual characteristics, ovary and normal karyotype. We report a 31-year-old female patient who presented in 2022 with cough with expectoration, left-side chest pain and breathlessness for 4 years to tertiary hospital, Puducherry, India.

Mode of Delivery and Postpartum Depression: A Cohort Study.

Background: There are many established risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD). It is controversial whether the mode of delivery is associated with PPD. This prospective study assessed the prevalence of PPD among women who delivered normally versus cesarean section and the association between sociodemographic factors and clinical factors with PPD.

Determinants of respectful maternity care at a tertiary care teaching institute in South India: A mixed-methods study.

Objective: To determine the proportion of women who experienced disrespect and abuse (D&A) and the type of D&A during labor and postpartum, and to determine the factors significantly associated with D&A.

Methods: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study undertaken in tertiary care teaching institute South India. After ethical approval, 380 postpartum women within 72 h of delivery were recruited for the study.

Effects of yoga on cardiometabolic risks and fetomaternal outcomes are associated with serum nitric oxide in gestational hypertension: a randomized control trial.

Gestational hypertension (GH) is associated with adverse cardiometabolic and pregnancy outcomes. Though yoga is known to be beneficial in pregnancy, the effects of yoga rendered for twenty weeks starting from 16th week of gestation in pregnant women having risk of GH on the incidence of hypertension, cardiometabolic risks and fetomaternal outcomes have not been studied. A randomized control trial was conducted on 234 pregnant women having risk of GH receiving standard antenatal care (Control group, n = 113), and receiving standard care + yoga (Study group, n = 121).

The effect of endometrial scratching on pregnancy rate after failed intrauterine insemination: A Randomised Controlled Trail.

Introduction: Endometrial injury (ES) has been suggested as intervention to increase probability of pregnancy in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Majority of studies reported that ES improves outcome in Invitro fertilisation,Intrauterine Insemination(IUI) and natural conceptions: however, the size and quality of studies are poor which questions the presence of any beneficial effect. The present study was done to evaluate the effect of endometrial scratching on pregnancy rate after previous failed Intrauterine Insemination and to assess the pain and bleeding following the procedure.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Nitroglycerine a Friend or a Foe?

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) refers to a clinico-radiological entity with characteristic features on neuroimaging and rapid onset of nonspecific symptoms including headache, seizure, altered consciousness and visual disturbance. It is a neurotoxic state in response to the acute changes in blood pressure leading to vasogenic oedema. It is often but not always associated with hypertension.

Association of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and hypertension during pregnancy - A case control study.

Background: The association of infection with essential hypertension is known but its association with hypertension during pregnancy is controversial. Hence, this study aimed to explore the association of infection with hypertension during pregnancy. The objectives were to compare the presence of DNA in trophoblastic cells of placenta between hypertensive and normotensive pregnant women and to find out the presence of inflammatory marker (HSP-60) and the seropositivity (IgG and IgA) of in them.

Pregnancy outcome in Takayasu arteritis.

A young pregnant woman, G2P1L1, was admitted for safe confinement at 40 weeks of gestation with Takayasu arteritis. She was diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis in 2016 when she had polyarthritis, hypertension and asymmetrical peripheral pulses. Her CT angiogram showed involvement of branches of aortic arch and coeliac trunk.

Glycemic control and its associated factors among women with gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care Centre, Puducherry, South India.

Background: Worldwide, one in ten pregnancies is related with diabetes; 87.6% of which are gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal hyperglycaemia affects the successful progression of pregnancy.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is elevated and related to interleukin-17 and psychological stress in male infertility: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and psychological stress are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of male infertility.

Objective: To assess the association of MMP-9 with IL-17 and psychological stress in infertile men.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 39 men with infertility diagnosed based on semen analysis and 39 subjects with normal semen analysis were included in the study.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Peripartum Encephalopathy: A Pictorial Review.

Acute neurological problems are significant disorders of pre- and postpartum period in women. We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) profile of patients presenting with peripartum encephalopathy over 2 years. Of 51 patients, MRI was abnormal in 40 patients and normal in 11 patients.

Pseudoaneurysm of uterine artery complicating caesarean section: a rare cause of intractable secondary postpartum haemorrhage managed with uterine artery embolisation.

A 27-year-old woman presented 6 weeks after an uncomplicated lower segment caesarean section with excessive bleeding per vagina. On examination, she had mild pallor with a pulse rate of 86 beats per minute and blood pressure of 116/80 mm Hg, uterus well involuted with closed cervical os and bleeding demonstrated through the cervix. A transvaginal ultrasonography with colour Doppler revealed a normal size uterus with an empty cavity and a hypoechoic area with blood flow within it in the left side of the uterus with a prominent arterial feeder vessel.

Attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability is linked to reduced levels of nitric oxide in pregnant women having risks of developing gestational hypertension.

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) have been reported as a cardiovascular (CV) risk in gestational hypertension (GH). Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in pathophysiology of GH. In the present study, we assessed the link of CV risks (decreased BRS and SVI) to the plasma levels of NO in women having risk of developing GH.

Prenatal diagnosis of factor 13 deficiency and its recurrence.

A young third gravida was referred with prenatal diagnosis of factor XIII deficiency at 20 weeks of pregnancy for Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP). Her first baby, who was born by emergency Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) for fetal distress, had intracranial haemorrhage in the early neonatal period and was investigated elsewhere and diagnosed to have factor XIII deficiency. The child currently has global developmental delay and cerebral palsy.

Neglected woman with hyperemesis gravidarum leading to Wernicke encephalopathy.

A teenage primigravida at 13 weeks of gestation presented with hyperemesis gravidarum of 45 days and a history of giddiness and inability to walk due to involuntary movements of limbs and eyes since 2 days. She was treated with intravenous fluids, thiamine and antiemetics. MRI brain showed hyperintensities in bilateral dorsomedial thalami, periaqueductal grey matter in T2-weighted and FLAIR images.

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is associated with cardiometabolic risks and prehypertension status in early-postmenopausal women.

Objective: We studied the link of decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) to cardiometabolic risks and prehypertension status in postmenopausal women during their early menopausal phase.

Methods: Premenopausal women ( = 55) and early-postmenopausal women ( = 50) of age group between 40 and 55 years were recruited for the study, and their anthropometric parameters, complete battery of autonomic function tests (AFT), BRS, hormone levels, and cardiometabolic risk parameters were measured and compared between two groups. Correlation analysis of BRS with various physiological and biochemical parameters in these two groups were performed.

Identification of differentially methylated candidate genes and their biological significance in IUGR neonates by methylation EPIC array.

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pregnancy-associated disease manifested by decreased growth rate of fetus than the normal genetic growth potential. It is associated with increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases later in life. Although the mechanisms underlying the origin of metabolic diseases are poorly understood, DNA methylation is a crucial investigation for the identification of epigenetic changes.

Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling Reduces Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone/Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Ratio and Improves Clinical Outcome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is one of the common modes of treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who are resistant to clomiphene citrate. The data related to the effect of LOD on sex hormones are limited.

Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of LOD on hormonal parameters and clinical outcomes in women with PCOS.

Are Global DNA methylation and telomere length useful biomarkers for identifying intrauterine growth restricted neonates?

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is manifested by decreased growth rate of fetus than its normal genetic growth potential. Global DNA methylation is a crucial investigation for identification of epigenetic changes. Epigenetic change regulates Gene transcription, maintenance of genomic stability, and telomere length.

Tuberculosis screening among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, South India: is it worth the effort?

Background: The national tuberculosis (TB) programme in India recommends screening all pregnant women for TB, but this is rarely implemented. We carried out systematic TB screening among women attending the antenatal clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, South India, during February to April 2018.

Objective: To assess the number screened and number (proportion) with presumptive and active TB, and understand potential implementation from the healthcare providers' perspective.

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling reduces serum homocysteine levels in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) on homocysteine levels and clinical outcomes in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design: The study was conducted in JIPMER, Puducherry. Fifty PCOS subjects who were admitted for LOD were enrolled in the study.