Accelerated and natural carbonation of a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash mixture: Basic strategies for higher carbon dioxide sequestration and reliable mass quantification.

The carbonation of alkaline wastes is an interesting research field that may offer opportunities for CO reduction. However, the literature is mainly devoted to studying different waste sequestration capabilities, with lame attention to the reliability of the data about CO reduction, or to the possibilities to increase the amount of absorbed CO. In this work, for the first time, the limitation of some methods used in literature to quantify the amount of sequestered CO is presented, and the advantages of using suitable XRD strategies to evaluate the crystalline calcium carbonate phases are demonstrated.