Prospective Translational Study Investigating Molecular PrEdictors of Resistance to First-Line PazopanIb in Metastatic reNal CEll Carcinoma (PIPELINE Study).

Objectives: Despite the initial clinical benefit, resistance to antiangiogenic therapies develops through the activation of alternative pathways. We measured plasma levels of circulating angiogenic factors to explore their predictive role in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with pazopanib.

Materials And Methods: mRCC patients receiving first-line pazopanib were prospectively enrolled.

The Conundrum of Septic Shock Imitators in Patients with Hematologic Cancers: Case Presentation and Possible Differential Diagnoses.

The authors describe the case of a patient treated with several cycles of chemotherapy due to an advanced stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma. One daafter the last cycle, he was admitted to our Intensive Care Unit with a septic shock-like clinical picture which didn't respond to the aggressive treatment and the patient died a few hours later. The autoptical findings cast some doubts on the diagnosis, and demonstrated the presence of other factors imitating its symptoms.

Exposure to Multiple Lines of Treatment and Survival of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Real-world Analysis.

Background: The purpose of the present retrospective analysis was to describe the trends in exposure to multiple lines of treatment and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who started therapy in 2 different periods (period 1, 2004-2010; and period 2, 2011-2017).

Patients And Methods: The proportion of patients who received subsequent lines of treatment after disease progression was compared between the 2 groups. OS was measured from the start of first-line treatment for metastatic disease to death or the last follow-up examination.

TARIBO trial: targeted therapy with or without nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: liquid biopsy for biomarkers discovery.

Purpose:: Two randomized trials in the cytokine era showed that cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) had a role in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), increasing life expectancy. The survival benefit of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including first-line sunitinib and pazopanib, in mRCC has been demonstrated, but the majority of patients enrolled in the pivotal phase III studies had undergone nephrectomy. Therefore it is unknown if similar survival benefit with targeted agents could be achieved without CN.

Multimodal treatment of advanced renal cancer in 2017.

in the last decades, the treatment of renal cell carcinoma has become more complex due to the introduction of novel systemic agents and the improvement of the loco-regional therapies that prolong survival maintaining a good quality of life. Areas covered: in this review, we summarize the currently available local and systemic treatment options, their indications and their hypothetical role in the management of advanced renal cell carcinoma, highlighting the need of multimodality treatment paradigms within interdisciplinary decision-making. Expert commentary: in early disease, radical or partial nephrectomy remains the standard of care, but innovative ablation techniques, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation and so on, may represent an alternative option of treatment for small renal lesions in unfit patients who cannot undergo surgery.

Does Dose Modification Affect Efficacy of First-Line Pazopanib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Background: Pazopanib is a standard treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and 800 mg/daily is considered the optimal dose. However, some patients require dose modification because of toxicity. Whether a reduced dose of pazopanib is as effective as the standard dose in achieving clinical benefit remains unclear.

Pure small cell recurrent prostate cancer developing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.

Purpose: Pure small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate is a rare entity characterized by a poor prognosis due to early metastatic spread as well as resistance to treatment. Considering its increasing occurrence, clinicians should be aware of its aggressive behavior, the relevance of an early diagnosis, and proper management.

Methods: A 71-year-old man treated with brachytherapy for localized low-risk prostate cancer developed widespread disease 7 years later with a prostate-specific antigen-negative neuroendocrine small cell phenotype.

Everolimus treatment for neuroendocrine tumors: latest results and clinical potential.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous class of diseases characterized by challenging management. Preclinical evidence shows that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway plays a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of NETs. Everolimus is a direct inhibitor of this pathway, and therefore this molecule appears to be a well-grounded strategy for the treatment of NETs, capable of changing clinical practice.

Outcome of Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Multiple Glandular Metastases Treated with Targeted Agents.

Purpose: Pancreatic metastases (PM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been associated with long-term survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of RCC patients with multiple glandular metastases (MGM) treated with targeted therapies (TTs).

Methods: Sixty-four MGM patients treated between 1993 and 2014 were retrospectively identified from a database of 274 RCC patients with PM from 11 European centers.

Surgery of locally advanced and metastatic kidney cancer after tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy: single institute experience.

Purpose:: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common tumor of the kidney. Considering the TNM classification of 2009, locally advanced and metastatic diseases are included in the groups stage III and IV. The surgical treatment of these tumors could be divided into 3 categories: (1) curative (nephrectomy and/or metastasectomy), (2) cytoreductive, and (3) palliative.

Predictors of long-term response to abiraterone in patients with metastastic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

We aimed to identify clinical predictors of long-term response to abiraterone (defined as >12 months drug exposure) in a retrospective cohort of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated in post-docetaxel setting at 24 Italian centers. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the association between clinical features and the duration of drug exposure. Results were expressed as hazard ratios (HR) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Thromboelastographic predictors of venous thromboembolic events in critically ill patients: are we missing something?

Deep venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism are still underdiagnosed in the ICU. Thromboelastography (TEG) has shown considerable variability in sensitivity and specificity as a predictor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We designed a prospective double-blind observational study to predict the risk of VTE using TEG in a cohort of critically ill patients.

Nivolumab in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: clinical trial evidence and experience.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered an immunogenic tumor with a prominent dysfunctional immune cell infiltrate, unable to control tumor growth. Cytokine-based immunotherapies, including interferon-α and interleukin-2, have been used for the treatment of metastatic RCC (mRCC). Long-term responses and complete remissions were observed, but durable clinical benefit efficacy in the overall population was limited and associated with significant toxicity.

Safety of long-term exposure to abiraterone acetate in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and concomitant cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the long-term safety profile of abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with controlled cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical charts of consecutive mCRPC patients with cardiac disorders/risk factors who had been treated with abiraterone 1000 mg once daily plus prednisone 5 mg twice daily for a median duration of 16 months at an oncology referral centre between April 2011 and July 2015. Patients underwent an electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic assessments, including measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at baseline and at the end of treatment.

Cabozantinib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: design, development, and potential place in the therapy.

The treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has markedly improved over the last few years with the introduction of several targeted agents in clinical practice. Nevertheless, either primary or secondary resistance to inhibition of VEGF and mTOR pathways has limited the clinical benefit of these systemic treatments. Recently, a better understanding of the involvement of MET and its ligand HGF in many biological processes made this signaling pathway an attractive therapeutic target in oncology, particularly in mRCC.

Immunotherapy advances in uro-genital malignancies.

Immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer has made significant progresses over the last 20 years. Multiple efforts have been attempted to restore immune-mediated tumor elimination, leading to the development of several targeted immunotherapies. Data from recent clinical trials suggest that these agents might improve the prognosis of patients with advanced genito-urinary (GU) malignancies.

Clinical Impact of Pancreatic Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.

Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma are uncommon and their prognostic significance is not well defined. In this analysis we evaluated the outcome of patients with pancreatic metastases treated with either targeted therapies or local treatment to the pancreas. Patients with pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma treated between 1993 and 2014 were identified from 11 European centers.

Treatment of elderly patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

The risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) increases with age, and given the constant gain in life expectancy of the general population, both localized RCC and metastatic RCC (mRCC) are more frequently observed in the elderly population. The elderly are a heterogeneous group of patients often characterized by the presence of comorbidities, different compliance to treatment and polypharmacy. Here we review the available data with the aim to analyze the safety and efficacy of new targeted therapies (TTs) in elderly mRCC patients.