Applied forces with high vs. low resuscitation table during neonatal ventilation: a randomized crossover manikin study.

Unlabelled: We compared applied forces on a newborn manikin face, cuff pressure, and air leak during positive pressure ventilation with a high vs. low resuscitation table. A randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial of face mask ventilation where a neonatal manikin was placed on the resuscitation table adjusted to level operator's xiphoid (high table positioning) or operator's navel (low table positioning).

Lung Recruitment Before Surfactant Administration in Extremely Preterm Neonates: 2-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: A multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT) showed a lung recruitment maneuver using high-frequency oscillatory ventilation just before surfactant administration (ie, intubate-recruit-surfactant-extubate [IN-REC-SUR-E]) improved the efficacy of treatment compared with the standard intubate-surfactant-extubate (IN-SUR-E) technique without increasing the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.

Objective: To examine follow-up outcomes at corrected postnatal age (cPNA) 2 years of preterm infants previously enrolled in an RCT and treated with IN-REC-SUR-E or IN-SUR-E in 35 tertiary neonatal intensive care units.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a follow-up study of infants recruited into the primary RCT from 2015 to 2018 at 35 tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Italy.

A multicentre neonatal manikin study showed a large heterogeneity in tactile stimulation for apnoea of prematurity.

Aim: Apnoea of prematurity requires prompt intervention to prevent long-term adverse outcomes, but specific recommendations about the stimulation approach are lacking. Our study investigated the modalities of tactile stimulation for apnoea of prematurity in different settings.

Methods: In this multi-country observational prospective study, nurses and physicians of the neonatal intensive care units were asked to perform a tactile stimulation on a preterm neonatal manikin simulating an apnoea.

A Simulation Competition on Neonatal Resuscitation as a New Educational Tool for Pediatric Residents.

Background: Training programs on resuscitation have been developed using simulation-based learning to build skills, strengthen cognitive strategies, and improve team performance. This is especially important for residency programs where reduced working hours and high numbers of residents can reduce the educational opportunities during the residency, with lower exposure to practical procedures and prolonged length of training. Within this context, gamification has gained popularity in teaching and learning activities.

Laryngeal mask airway in neonatal stabilization and transport: a retrospective study.

Unlabelled: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may be considered by health caregivers of level I-II hospitals for neonatal resuscitation and stabilization before and during interhospital care, but literature provides little information on this aspect. This study reviewed the use of LMA during stabilization and transport in a large series of neonates. This is a retrospective study evaluating the use of LMA in infants who underwent emergency transport by the Eastern Veneto Neonatal Emergency Transport Service between January 2003 and December 2021.

Rigid versus soft catheter for less invasive surfactant administration: A crossover randomized controlled manikin trial.

Background: We compared surfactant administration with a rigid versus soft catheter in a manikin simulating an extremely preterm infant.

Methods: Randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial. Fifty tertiary hospital consultants and pediatric residents.

Marked versus unmarked tip catheter for less invasive surfactant administration: A crossover randomised controlled manikin trial.

Aim: Less invasive surfactant administration is becoming increasingly popular, but health-care providers may experience some difficulties in achieving the correct positioning of the catheter in the trachea. We compared catheters with marked versus unmarked tips in terms of correct depth positioning in the trachea, total time, number of attempts and participant's opinion on using the device in a manikin model.

Methods: A randomised controlled crossover trial of surfactant administration with less invasive surfactant administration catheters with marked versus unmarked tip in a preterm infant manikin.

Applied forces with direct versus indirect laryngoscopy in neonatal intubation: a randomized crossover mannequin study.

Purpose: In adult mannequins, videolaryngoscopy improves glottic visualization with lower force applied to upper airway tissues and reduced task workload compared with direct laryngoscopy. This trial compared oropharyngeal applied forces and subjective workload during direct vs indirect (video) laryngoscopy in a neonatal mannequin.

Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover trial of intubation with direct laryngoscopy, straight blade videolaryngoscopy, and hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy in a neonatal mannequin.

Device positioning with LISA vs. INSURE: a crossover randomized controlled manikin trial.

Objective: We aimed to compare time of device positioning, success of procedure and operator's opinion with LISA vs. INSURE in a manikin simulating an extremely low birthweight infant.

Methods: A randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial of surfactant administration with LISA vs.

Thermal servo-controlled systems in the management of VLBW infants at birth: A systematic review.

Background: Thermal management of the newborn at birth remains an actual challenge. This systematic review aimed to summarize current evidence on the use of thermal servo-controlled systems during stabilization of preterm and VLBW infants immediately at birth.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted including MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.

Neonatal Resuscitation in Children 2021: Focus on Training, Technology, and New Clinical Approaches.

Neonatal resuscitation remains a hot topic for pediatricians and neonatologists worldwide [...

Surfactant Treatment of Late Preterm Infants during Emergency Transport: A Retrospective, Observational Study.

Background: In late preterm infants born in nontertiary hospitals, the occurrence of respiratory distress syndrome requires postnatal transport. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the timing of surfactant administration in late preterm infants needing postnatal transport.

Methods: This is a retrospective study evaluating surfactant administration in late preterm infants during emergency transports by the Eastern Veneto Neonatal Emergency Transport Service between January 2005 and December 2019.

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

Meconium aspiration syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by respiratory failure occurring in neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Worldwide, the incidence has declined in developed countries thanks to improved obstetric practices and perinatal care while challenges persist in developing countries. Despite the improved survival rate over the last decades, long-term morbidity among survivors remains a major concern.

Thermal management with and without servo-controlled system in preterm infants immediately after birth: a multicentre, randomised controlled study.

Background: The thermal servo-controlled systems are routinely used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to accurately manage patient temperature, but their role during the immediate postnatal phase has not been previously assessed.

Objective: To compare two modalities of thermal management (with and without the use of a servo-controlled system) immediately after birth.

Study Design And Setting: Multicentre, unblinded, randomised trial conducted 15 Italian tertiary hospitals.

Time needed to intubate and suction a manikin prior to instituting positive pressure ventilation: a simulation trial.

Tracheal suctioning in non-vigorous newborn delivered through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is supposed to delay initiation of positive pressure ventilation (PPV), but the magnitude of such delay is unknown. To compare the time of PPV initiation when performing immediate laryngoscopy with intubation and suctioning vs. performing immediate PPV without intubation in a manikin model.

Delivery room management of extremely low birth weight infants in Italy: comparison between academic and non-academic birth centres.

Objective: International Guidelines provide a standardised approach to newborn resuscitation in the DR and, in their most recent versions, recommendations dedicated to management of ELBWI were progressively increased. It is expected that introduction in clinical practice and dissemination of the most recent evidence should be more consistent in academic than in non-academic hospitals. The aim of the study was to compare adherence to the International Guidelines and consistency of practice in delivery room management of extremely low birth weight infants between academic and non-academic institutions.

Oxygen administration for the resuscitation of term and preterm infants.

Oxygen has been widely used in neonatal resuscitation for about 300 years. In October 2010, the International Liaison Committee on Neonatal Resuscitation released new guidelines. Based on experimental studies and randomized clinical trials, the recommendations on evaluation and monitoring of oxygenation status and oxygen supplementation in the delivery room were revised in detail.