Total Body Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography: Current Status in Oncology.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a crucial imaging modality in oncology, providing functional insights by detecting metabolic activity in tissues. Total-body (TB) PET and large field-of-view PET have emerged as advanced techniques, offering whole-body imaging in a single acquisition. TB PET enables simultaneous imaging from head to toe, providing comprehensive information on tumor distribution, metastasis, and treatment response.

Complete metabolic response after Partially Ablative Radiotherapy (PAR) for bulky retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A case report.

In the management of symptomatic inoperable retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS), palliative radiotherapy (RT) is a potential treatment option. However, the efficacy of low doses used in palliative RT is limited in these radioresistant tumors. Therefore, exploring dose escalation strategies targeting specific regions of the tumor may enhance the therapeutic effect of RT in relieving or preventing symptoms.

Potential Clinical Applications of Dedicated Prostate Positron Emission Tomography.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is usually based on transrectal or transperineal biopsies (from 12 to 24 samples) in most cases after the performance of a dedicated MRI and/or transrectal ultrasound. A small-dedicated PET scanner could improve spatial resolution and increase sensitivity, allowing a precise detection and location of the PCa foci, thus allowing an image-guided biopsy. In this short review, we will focus our attention on the potential application of a dedicated prostate PET scanner and on the prototype that has been already assembled for this purpose.

Future Imaging of Prostate Cancer: Do We Need More Than PSMA PET/CT?

In the setting of prostate cancer (PCa), many different imaging modalities are available to correctly assess staging, restaging, treatment response and radio-ligand therapy recruitment. The introduction of fluoride or gallium-labelled prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) made a revolution in PCa management, also due to its possible theragnostic use. Nowadays PSMA-PET/CT is a fundamental tool for staging and restaging PCa.

Ga-FAPI PET/CT Interobserver Agreement on Tumor Assessment: An International Multicenter Prospective Study.

Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) are promising radiotracers for cancer imaging, with emerging data in the recent years. Nonetheless, the interobserver agreement on Ga-FAPI PET/CT study interpretations in cancer patients remains poorly understood. Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed on 50 patients with various tumor entities (sarcoma [ = 10], colorectal cancer [ = 10], pancreatic adenocarcinoma [ = 10], genitourinary cancer [ = 10], and other types of cancer [ = 10]).

A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis of the Incidence of Bone-Only Disease at PSMA PET/CT in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients.

PSMA PET/CT has unprecedented accuracy for localization of initial or recurrent prostate cancer (PC), which can be applied in a metastasis-directed therapy approach. PSMA PET/CT (PET) also has a role in the selection of patients for metastasis-directed therapy or radioligand therapy and therapy assessment in CRPC patients. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to determine the incidence of bone-only metastasis in CRPC patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT for restaging, as well as identifying potential predictors of bone-only PET positivity.

PSMA-PET Guided Treatment in Prostate Cancer Patients with Oligorecurrent Progression after Previous Salvage Treatment.

Background: Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-Positron Emission Tomography (PSMA-PET) is used to select recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) patients for metastases-directed therapy (MDT). We aimed to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of second-line PSMA-guided MDT in oligo-recurrent PCa patients.

Methods: we performed a retrospective analysis of 113 recurrent PCa after previous radical prostatectomy and salvage therapies with oligorecurrent disease at PSMA-PET (≤3 lesions in N1/M1a-b) in three high-volume European centres.

Histology and PSMA Expression on Immunohistochemistry in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Comparison with Ga-PSMA PET/CT Features in Primary Staging.

PSMA-PET/CT is a suitable replacement for conventional imaging in the primary staging of PCa. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the correlation between parameters discovered by PSMA PET/CT in primary staging and either prostate histopathology (pT) findings or PSMA-IHC expression in a cohort of biopsy-proven high-risk PCa candidates for surgery. Clinical information (age, iPSA-value, and grading group) and PSMA-PET/CT parameters (SUVmax, PSMA tumor volume [PSMA-TV], and total lesion [PSMA-TL]) were compared with pT (including histologic pattern, Gleason grade, and lymphovascular invasion [LVI]) and PSMA-IHC features, including visual quantification (VS) with a four-tiered score (0 = negative, 1+ = weak, 2+ = moderate, 3+ = strong), growth pattern (infiltrative vs expansive), and visual pattern (cytoplasmic vs membranous).

A novel tool for predicting the dose distribution of non-sealed Re (Rhenium) resin in non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) patients.

Background: High-dose rate brachytherapy using a non-sealed Rhenium resin ( Re) is a recently approved treatment option for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The treatment goal is to deliver a personalized absorbed dose to the deepest point of neoplastic infiltration corresponding to the minimal target dose. The treatment consists of the application of a Re-based resin over a plastic foil placed on the target skin surface.

The Impact of PSMA-PET on Oncologic Control in Prostate Cancer Patients Who Experienced PSA Persistence or Recurrence.

Background: Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-Positron Emission Tomography (PSMA-PET) is currently recommended to restage prostate cancer (PCa) and to guide the delivery of salvage treatments. We aim to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients with recurrent PCa who received PSMA-PET. Methods: 324 hormone-sensitive PCa with PSA relapse after radical prostatectomy who underwent PSMA-PET in three high-volume European Centres.

PSMA PET for the Evaluation of Liver Metastases in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSMA-PET compared to conventional imaging/liver biopsy in the detection of liver metastases in CRPC patients. Moreover, we evaluated a PSMA-PET/CT-based radiomic model able to identify liver metastases. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study enrolling patients with the following inclusion criteria: (a) proven CRPC patients, (b) PSMA-PET and conventional imaging/liver biopsy performed in a 6 months timeframe, (c) no therapy changes between PSMA-PET and conventional imaging/liver biopsy.

Adaptive Individualized high-dose preoperAtive (AIDA) chemoradiation in high-risk rectal cancer: a phase II trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the pathological complete response (pCR) rate of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after adaptive high-dose neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) based on  F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( F-FDG-PET/CT).

Methods: The primary endpoint was the pCR rate. Secondary endpoints were the predictive value of  F-FDG-PET/CT on pathological response and acute and late toxicity.

CARE-compliant stereotactic radiotherapy of urothelial nodal metastases: A case report.

The aim of the present study was to report the case of a 58-year-old male patient with ureteral carcinoma who underwent ureteroileostomy treatment. At 2 years following surgery, six lymph node metastases (LNMs) were detected in the patient's para-aortic and pelvic regions using F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. All LNMs were treated using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT; 35-40 Gy/5 fractions).

Theragnostics in prostate cancer.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a molecular target for both imaging diagnostics and therapeutics, i.e., a theragnostics target.

Multicenter External Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Positive Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen/Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Patients with Prostate Cancer Recurrence.

Background: A nomogram has recently been developed to predict Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (PSMA-PET) results in recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Objective: To perform external validation of the original nomogram in a multicentric setting.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 1639 patients who underwent PSMA-PET for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse after radical therapy were retrospectively included from six high-volume PET centers.

Lung uptake detected by Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in prostate cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2: a case series.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathology is associated with neoangiogenesis and interstitial pneumonia. Ga-PSMA-11-PET/CT is able to image in vivo PSMA (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen) expression on both prostate cancer (PCa) cells and neovasculature endothelial cells. The aim of the case series was to explore pulmonary PSMA expression not related to cancer in patients with PCa and concomitant COVID-19.