Role of visual evoked potentials and optical coherence tomography in the screening for optic pathway gliomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type I.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to compare visual function assessment, visual evoked potential, and optical coherence tomography with measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness for the diagnosis of optic pathway glioma in children with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scan, visual evoked potential study, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer evaluation by optical coherence tomography. Patients were tested with pattern-reversal visual evoked potential and with flash visual evoked potential in case of poor cooperation.

Pediatric optic neuritis and anti MOG antibodies: a cohort of Italian patients.

Background: recent studies reported that anti myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (ab) related optic neuritis (ON) tend to have characteristics that differ from seronegative ones. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric anti-MOG ON by comparing anti MOG-ab-seropositive and seronegative patients with ON.

Methods: in this retrospective Italian multicentre study, participants were identified by chart review of patients evaluated for acquired demyelinating syndromes of the central nervous system (over the period 2009-2019).

Choroidal Freckling in Pediatric Patients Affected by Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Greater understanding of choroidal freckling in patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) has changed the previous belief that choroidal lesions are unusual in eyes with this disease. In fact, the high frequency of freckling suggests that the choroid is a structure commonly affected in patients with NF1. A review of patients aged 16 years or younger was performed.

Choroidal abnormalities in neurofibromatosis type 1 detected by near-infrared reflectance imaging in paediatric population.

Purpose: To investigate choroidal abnormalities in paediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) detected by near-infrared reflectance (NIR) retinography in order to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Seventy-eight paediatric patients with NF1, diagnosed according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria, and 96 healthy control subjects matched for age were examined. Enrolled patients were under 16 years old.

Orbital and Periorbital Extension of Congenital Dacryocystoceles: Suggested Mechanism and Management.

Orbital and periorbital extension of congenital dacryocystoceles is rarely observed in neonatal infants. The authors describe 4 cases of congenital dacryocystocele that presented with extension to the orbital and periorbital regions. The first 3 newborns underwent marsupialization of the orbital and periorbital dacryocystoceles with aspiration of the purulent material followed by nasolacrimal duct probing after radiographic evidence of diffuse orbital or periorbital expansion.

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis in children: a clinical pathologic correlation.

Purpose: To describe a rare case of primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis (PDLG) presenting with progressive proptosis and direct involvement of the optic nerve sheath in a child and review of the relevant literature.

Methods: Retrospective review of a single case and systematic literature review of 26 biopsy-proven cases reported in the MEDLINE-indexed English literature. A 10-year-old girl developed proptosis and progressive visual loss associated with thickening of the optic nerve sheaths and dilation of the subarachnoid spaces with multilobulated appearance of the brain meninges and thickened peripheral nerve root sheaths.

Agreement in detecting glaucomatous visual field progression by using guided progression analysis ?and Humphrey overview printout.

Purpose: To examine the level of agreement among 3 clinicians in assessing glaucoma visual field progression by using 2 different methods.

Methods: Each visual field was assessed by Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA), program SITA standard 30-2 or 24-2. In each printout the first 3 fields were excluded to minimize learning effect: the fourth and fifth full-threshold or SITA Standard examinations were used as baseline.

Oxidative DNA damage in the human trabecular meshwork: clinical correlation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.

Objective: To evaluate the intensity of oxidative molecular damage and its clinical correlations: visual field damage, intraocular pressure, age, and disease duration.

Methods: DNA was extracted from human trabecular meshwork specimens collected from 17 glaucoma-affected patients using standard filtration surgery. Twenty-one specimens from healthy eyes collected for cornea transplants serve as controls.

Comparison of three techniques for repair of involutional lower lid entropion: a three-year follow-up study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the efficacy of three different surgical techniques for entropion repair in a 3-year follow-up study: (1) the Fox procedure, (2) everting sutures and (3) a modified technique of lower lid retractor plication.

Methods: We included in our study 32 eyelids of 32 consecutive patients with involutional lower lid entropion; 10 lids underwent the Fox procedure, 13 the everting sutures and 9 the modified retractor plication. We evaluated the pre- and postoperative horizontal lid laxity (HLL), the pre- and postoperative lower lid excursion (LLE) and the number of recurrences in each patient group.