A polygeneric immunogen composed of 22 venoms from sub-Saharan African snakes to expand the neutralization scope of the EchiTAb-plus-ICP antivenom.

Recent research suggests that a polygeneric immunogen made from the venoms of the most medically important viperid and elapid snakes in sub-Saharan Africa could elicit a broader antibody response in horses compared to the current EchiTAb-plus-ICP antivenom, especially against neurotoxic elapid venoms. To test this, 25 horses that have been regularly immunized to produce this antivenom were reimmunized with an immunogen containing 22 venoms from various snake species from the genera , , , and both spitting and non-spitting . The plasma collected from these horses was processed using the caprylic acid method to produce an industrial-scale freeze-dried antivenom.

Multimodality imaging of coronary artery dissection: a pictorial essay.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare and underdiagnosed entity that can lead to acute coronary syndrome. This condition has a gender predilection, predominantly affecting women, especially those with known risk factors such as pregnancy and the postpartum period. Hormonal changes and hemodynamic stress during these stages significantly contribute to the occurrence of SCAD.

COVID-19 in children and the influence on the employment activity of their female caregivers: A cross sectional gender perspective study.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, women disproportionately assume more unpaid activities, affecting their employment.

Objective: Describe the influence of COVID-19 on the employment of caregivers of children and adolescents from a gender perspective.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in three high-complexity hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia from April 2020 to June 2021.

Nutrition in medical education in Latin America: Results of a cross-sectional survey.

Rationale: The gap between the nutrition education provided to medical students and the nutrition competences and attitudes needed for doctors to provide effective nutrition care is a global concern. The goal of this study was to investigate the curricular content on nutrition education in Latin American medical schools and to evaluate the self-perceived knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to nutrition practice of final-year medical students.

Methods: Eighty-five public and private medical schools from 17 Latin American countries were invited to participate in the study.

Periodic Kinesthetic Guidance Cannot Expedite Learning Surgical Skills.

Connecting multiple haptic devices in a master-slave fashion enables us to deliver kinesthetic (haptic) feedback from 1 person to another. This study examined whether inter-user feedback delivered from an expert to a novice would facilitate skill acquisition of the novice in learning laparoscopic surgery and expedite it compared to traditional methods. We recruited fourteen novices and divided them into 1 of 2 training groups with 6 half-hour training sessions.

Diabetes Mellitus: An Unrecognized Complication in the Management of Patients With Mental Illness.

Psychiatric patients can have undiagnosed illness due to difficulties accessing the health care system and the lack of guidelines regarding screening recommendations for them. The following case describes a 36-year-old male who presented with a hyperglycemic emergency in the setting of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus.

Sexual harassment by peers in Chilean schools.

Background: Although a significant amount of literature has explored peer sexual harassment in higher education, little is known about peer sexual harassment in primary and middle school. Among existing studies, most have examined individual student characteristics that predict peer sexual harassment without considering the importance of the classroom and school context, which may prevent or promote such harassment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify individual and school-related factors predicting sexual harassment victimization.

seropositivity associated to peri-urban living places in pregnant women in a rural area of Buenos Aires province, Argentina.

Infection with is very common in humans throughout the world, the intake of raw or undercooked meat with tissue cysts and fruits, vegetables and water contaminated with parasite oocysts being the main routes of infection. Here, we analyzed the seroprevalence of - antibodies in pregnant females (age 13-44 years; n = 920) between April 2014 and December 2017 from Chascomús (Argentina), a city immersed in a rural area. Altogether 320 tested positive for immunoglobulin G antibodies, yielding an overall seroprevalence of 34.

Measuring Serum Amyloid A for Infection Prediction in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Nosocomial infections, such as pneumonia or urinary tract infections, are among the main causes of worsening outcomes and death. The aim of this study was to discover a biomarker to predict infection in aSAH patients.

A validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of pioglitazone, hydroxypioglitazone, and ketopioglitazone in human plasma and its application to a clinical study.

A simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of pioglitazone and its active metabolites hydroxypioglitazone and ketopioglitazone in human plasma. Samples were processed by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and selective phospholipid depletion in a 96-well plate format. The method used deuterated internal standards for each analyte.

White matter changes in comatose survivors of anoxic ischemic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injury: comparative diffusion-tensor imaging study.

Purpose: To analyze white matter pathologic abnormalities by using diffusion-tensor (DT) imaging in a multicenter prospective cohort of comatose patients following cardiac arrest or traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent from proxies and control subjects were obtained. DT imaging was performed 5-57 days after insult in 49 cardiac arrest and 40 TBI patients.

Assessment of white matter injury and outcome in severe brain trauma: a prospective multicenter cohort.

Background: Existing methods to predict recovery after severe traumatic brain injury lack accuracy. The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic value of quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods: In a multicenter study, the authors prospectively enrolled 105 patients who remained comatose at least 7 days after traumatic brain injury.

Computed tomography-estimated specific gravity at hospital admission predicts 6-month outcome in mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Background: It is clear that patients with a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) develop secondary, potentially lethal neurological deterioration. However, it is difficult to predict which patients with mild-to-moderate TBI (MM-TBI), even after intensive care unit (ICU) admission, will experience poor outcome at 6 months. Standard computed tomography (CT) imaging scans provide information that can be used to estimate specific gravity (eSG).

An admission bioclinical score to predict 1-year outcomes in patients undergoing aneurysm coiling.

Background And Purpose: A number of scores were developed to predict outcomes after clipping for subarachnoid hemorrhages, yet there is no score for patients undergoing endovascular treatment. Our goal was to develop, compare, and validate a predictive score for 1-year outcomes in patients with coiled subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: We studied 526 patients for 1 year after intensive care unit discharge.

[Antilipemics and prevention of cerebrovascular accidents. Meta-analysis].

Background: Previous overviews have suggested that the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), but not other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs), may reduce stroke incidence in coronary patients. Our objective was to investigate the amplitude and sources of heterogeneity of LLT effects on stroke prevention.

Methods: A literature search was performed from 1966-2001 to identify all English-language published trials testing LLT.

Beta-blocker benefit according to severity of heart failure.

Background And Aims: Beta-blockers are an established treatment for chronic heart failure. However, the relationship between their benefit and the severity of the disease remains to be determined.

Methods And Results: We studied the relationship between amplitude of benefit of beta-blockers and severity of chronic heart failure, based on data for mortality and hospitalizations for worsening heart failure, using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, complementary subgroup analyses and analysis of individual data from the CIBIS II trial.

Differential effects of lipid-lowering therapies on stroke prevention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Previous overviews suggested that hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins), but not other lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), may reduce stroke incidence in coronary patients.

Objective: To investigate the amplitude and sources of heterogeneity of LLT effects on stroke prevention.

Methods: We searched the literature from 1966 to 2001 and then conducted a meta-analysis including randomized trials of primary and secondary coronary heart disease prevention, testing statins, nonstatin drugs, diet, or other interventions and providing data on stroke incidence.