Physiotherapy versus Consecutive Physiotherapy and Cognitive Treatment in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Randomized Cross-Over Study.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunctions that can usually be treated by physiotherapy or cognitive training, respectively. The effects of consecutive physiotherapy and cognitive rehabilitation programs on PD deficits are less investigated.

Objective: We investigated the effects of 3 months of physiotherapy (physiotherapy treatment group) or consecutive physiotherapy and cognitive (physiotherapy and cognitive treatment group) rehabilitation programs on cognitive, motor, and psychological aspects in 20 PD patients.

Unique sudden onsets capture attention even when observers are in feature-search mode.

Two sources of attentional capture have been proposed: stimulus-driven (exogenous) and goal-oriented (endogenous). A resolution between these modes of capture has not been straightforward. Even such a clearly exogenous event as the sudden onset of a stimulus can be said to capture attention endogenously if observers operate in singleton-detection mode rather than feature-search mode.

Attentional capture by a salient distractor in visual search: the effect of target-distractor similarity.

Models of attentional selection are based on either stimulus-driven or goal-directed processes. Support for the latter comes from a study showing that a salient singleton in a search display can be ignored when the target has a different defining feature (Kumada, 1999). We show that this finding holds only when the target and the nonsalient distractors are highly dissimilar from one another.