Prehospital Mass Casualty Incident Response to a Fire in a Nursing Home in Milan, Italy: Actions Taken and Shortcomings.

On July 7, 2023, at 1:21 am, a fire was declared in a retirement home in Milan, Italy. The number of casualties (n = 87) according to the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) triage system was categorized as 65 green, 14 yellow, 2 red, and 6 black; 75% were women, and the mean age was 85.1 years (± 9).

Persistence of Lockdown Consequences on Children: A Cross-sectional Comparative Study.

Lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant psychological impact on children and adolescents. This study compared lockdown effects on children aged 1-10 years in 2020 and 2021. Two structured questionnaires were administered to 3392 parents in 2020, and 3203 in 2021.

Distance learning, technological devices, lifestyle and behavior of children and their family during the COVID-19 lockdown in Lombardy: a survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent national lockdowns, school closures and distance learning may have had both negative and positive effects on physical and mental health of children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a large group of children between 1 and 10 years old in Lombardy, Italy (n = 3392). Their parents filled in a survey answering single or multiple-choice questions about their offspring's behavior changes (including sleep, dietary habits, emotional disturbances), relationship with siblings, parents and peers, the use of digital technologies, and distance learning experience during the lockdown.

Rapid reorganization of the Milan metropolitan public safety answering point operations during the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy.

Objective: To quantify how the first public announcement of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy affected a metropolitan region's emergency medical services (EMS) call volume and how rapid introduction of alternative procedures at the public safety answering point (PSAP) managed system resources.

Methods: PSAP processes were modified over several days including (1) referral of non-ill callers to public health information call centers; (2) algorithms for detection, isolation, or hospitalization of suspected COVID-19 patients; and (3) specialized medical teams sent to the PSAP for triage and case management, including ambulance dispatches or alternative dispositions. Call volumes, ambulance dispatches, and response intervals for the 2 weeks after announcement were compared to 2017-2019 data and the week before.

[Cardiac arrest management: any news? When the literature does not meet clinical practice].

The percentage of patients transported alive to hospital after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest has increased in recent years thanks to growing population education. In 2010 the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) has published new guidelines for the management of cardiac arrest. These guidelines present several new features, but cardiac compression remains the mainstay of optimal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

"Mi voglio bene": a pediatrician-based randomized controlled trial for the prevention of obesity in Italian preschool children.

Background: The first years of life are crucial to start preventive interventions that can have an impact on lifestyle and later overweight and obesity. Under the Italian National Health System (INHS), children are cared for by family pediatricians who perform health balances at regular intervals. The Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics (SIPPS) has designed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of family pediatricians for the prevention of childhood obesity in preschool children.

Effects of recombinant growth hormone on visceral fat accumulation: pilot study in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents.

Context: Recombinant human GH (rhGH) reduces excess accumulation of intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAT) in lipodystrophic HIV-infected adults, whereas data in pediatric patients are lacking.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of rhGH treatment on lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adolescents.

Design: The study is a prospective, 24-wk open-label study of rhGH.

Thyroid dysfunction in antiretroviral treated children.

Background: A high rate of thyroid disorders has been described in HIV-infected adults treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), but data on children are lacking. We aimed to assess thyroid function in pediatric patients.

Methods: Fifty-two HIV-infected children receiving HAART were assessed for signs of thyroid dysfunction and serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroglobulin (TG), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), anti-TG and antimicrosomal (anti-TSM) antibodies.

Impaired growth hormone secretion correlates with visceral adiposity in highly active antiretroviral treated HIV-infected adolescents.

Background: HIV-infected adults with lipodystrophy, characterized by excess accumulation of intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAT), showed impaired growth hormone (GH) secretion. Data are lacking in paediatric lipodystrophy with the same features.

Methods: Twenty-five pubertal HIV-infected children were assessed for GH response (GH-AUC(0-120 min)) to arginine + GHRH testing, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), insulin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and nitric oxide levels.

Increased lipodystrophy is associated with increased exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children.

Objective: To assess body composition changes in HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: Thirty-seven HIV-positive children were enrolled. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed in all HIV-infected children at baseline and after an additional 12 months of HAART and in 54 matched (for sex, age, body mass index [BMI], and pubertal stage) healthy controls.

Hyperinsulinemia induced by highly active antiretroviral therapy in an adolescent with polycystic ovary syndrome who was infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

Objective: To report a case of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in an adolescent infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and lipodystrophy whose insulin resistance was induced by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Design: Case report.

Setting: Academic department of pediatrics.