Postoperative NEOadjuvant TEMozolomide followed by chemoradiotherapy versus upfront chemoradiotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme (NEOTEM) trial: Interim results.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor survival rates despite current treatments. The standard of care (SOC) includes surgery, followed by radiotherapy plus concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). This phase II trial assessed the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant TMZ (nTMZ) before and during chemoradiotherapy in newly diagnosed GBM patients.

Somatic loss-of-function mutations in lung squamous cell carcinoma: a single-center cohort study.

Background: The significant progress has been made in targeted therapy for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in the past decade. Only few targeted therapeutics have yet been approved for the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Several higher frequency of gene alterations are identified as potentially actionable in LUSC.

State of the neoadjuvant therapy for glioblastoma multiforme-Where do we stand?

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite several investigations in this field, maximal safe resection followed by chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide with or without tumor-treating fields remains the standard of care with poor survival outcomes. Many endeavors have failed to make a dramatic change in the outcomes of GBM patients.

Long-term results of intraoperative multicatheter breast implant (IOMBI) for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) on early breast cancer patients.

Background And Purpose: Multicatheter breast brachytherapy is a standard technique for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) in early breast cancer patients. Intraoperative multicatheter breast implant (IOMBI) followed by perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRBT) offers a novel and advantageous approach. We present long-term oncological, toxicity, and cosmesis outcomes for a well-experienced single institution.

Presence of Activated (Phosphorylated) STAT3 in Radiation Necrosis Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases.

Brain radiation necrosis (RN) is a subacute or late adverse event following radiotherapy, involving an exacerbated inflammatory response of the brain tissue. The risk of symptomatic RN associated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as part of the treatment of brain metastases (BMs) has been a subject of recent investigation. The activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was shown in reactive astrocytes (RA) associated with BMs.

A total inverse planning paradigm: Prospective clinical trial evaluating the performance of a novel MR-based 3D-printed head immobilization device.

Background And Purpose: Brain radiotherapy (cnsRT) requires reproducible positioning and immobilization, attained through redundant dedicated imaging studies and a bespoke moulding session to create a thermoplastic mask (T-mask). Innovative approaches may improve the value of care. We prospectively deployed and assessed the performance of a patient-specific 3D-printed mask (3Dp-mask), generated solely from MR imaging, to replicate a reproducible positioning and tolerable immobilization for patients undergoing cnsRT.

Multiplicity does not significantly affect outcomes in brain metastasis patients treated with surgery.

Background: Brain metastasis quantity may be a negative prognostic factor for patients requiring resection of at least one lesion.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent surgical resection of brain metastases from July 2018 to June 2019 at our institution, and examined outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and rates of local failure (LF). Patients were grouped according to the number of metastases at the time of surgery (single vs multiple).

Recommended first-line management of brain metastases from melanoma: A multicenter survey of clinical practice.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) and surgery (Sx) are effective in treating brain metastases. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown activity against asymptomatic melanoma brain metastases (MBM). BRAF/MEK inhibitors can be used to treat BRAF V600 mutation positive (BRAF+) MBM.

Challenges and Novel Opportunities of Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Approximately 20% patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with CNS spread at the time of diagnosis and 25-50% are found to have brain metastases (BMs) during the course of the disease. The improvement in the diagnostic tools and screening, as well as the use of new systemic therapies have contributed to a more precise diagnosis and prolonged survival of lung cancer patients with more time for BMs development. In the past, most of the systemic therapies failed intracranially because of the inability to effectively cross the blood brain barrier.

Correction: Hypofractionated radiation therapy and temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma and poor prognostic factors. A prospective, single-institution experience.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Hypofractionated radiation therapy and temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma and poor prognostic factors. A prospective, single-institution experience.

Background: Hypofractionated radiation therapy is a feasible and safe treatment option in elderly and frail patients with glioblastoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hypofractionated radiation therapy with concurrent temozolomide in terms of feasibility and disease control in primary glioblastoma patients with poor prognostic factors other than advanced age, such as post-surgical neurological complications, high tumor burden, unresectable or multifocal lesions, and potential low treatment compliance due to social factors or rapidly progressive disease.

Material And Methods: GTV included the surgical cavity plus disease visible in T1WI-MRI, FLAIR-MRI and in the MET-uptake.