Understanding the Strategies to Overcome Phosphorus-Deficiency and Aluminum-Toxicity by Ryegrass Endophytic and Rhizosphere Phosphobacteria.

Phosphobacteria, secreting organic acids and phosphatases, usually favor plant performance in acidic soils by increasing phosphorus (P) availability and aluminum (Al) complexing. However, it is not well-known how P-deficiency and Al-toxicity affect the phosphobacteria physiology. Since P and Al problems often co-occur in acidic soils, we have therefore proposed the evaluation of the single and combined effects of P-deficiency and Al-toxicity on growth, organic acids secretion, malate dehydrogenase () gene expression, and phosphatase activity of five Al-tolerant phosphobacteria previously isolated from ryegrass.