Dietary Achievable Dose of Protocatechuic Acid, a Metabolite of Flavonoids, Inhibits High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice.

Scope: Protocatechuic acid (PCA), a gut microbiota metabolite of flavonoids, inhibits dietary obesity and increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a critical regulator responsible for adipose thermogenesis; however, these effects are achieved at dietary unachievable (pharmacological) dose. It evaluates whether dietary achievable dose of PCA inhibits adiposity by activating adipose thermogenesis.

Methods And Results: Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice are fed a high-fat diet (HFD) alone (control) or supplemented with 0.

Protocatechuic acid boosts continual efferocytosis in macrophages by derepressing KLF4 to transcriptionally activate MerTK.

Macrophages clear apoptotic cells through a process called continual efferocytosis. We found that protocatechuic acid (PCA), a polyphenolic compound abundant in fruits and vegetables, increased the continual efferocytic capacity of macrophages and inhibited the progression of advanced atherosclerosis. PCA reduced the intracellular amounts of microRNA-10b (miR-10b) by promoting its secretion in extracellular vesicles, which led to an increase in the abundance of the miR-10b target Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4).

Re-Visiting Antioxidant Therapy in Murine Advanced Atherosclerosis with Brussels Chicory, a Typical Vegetable in Mediterranean Diets.

Brussels chicory, a typical vegetable in Mediterranean diets, has been recently reported to stabilize advanced atherosclerotic plaques in the brachiocephalic artery of apoE-deficient () mice. Herein, we investigated whether Brussels chicory can stabilize advanced plaques in the aorta via improving oxidative stress. Thirty week old mice were fed the AIN-93G diet or supplemented with 0.

Terpene Lactucopicrin Limits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation by a Reduction of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 in Lipid Rafts.

Scope: Sustained inflammation promotes macrophage foam cell formation by promoting cholesterol influx and impairing cholesterol efflux. Terpene lactucopicrin, affluent in vegetables of the Asteraceae family (e.g.

Effects of simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of okra polysaccharides.

This study was to investigate the effects of in vitro simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of okra polysaccharides (OPS). Results showed that the digestibilities of OPS were about 5.1%, 37.

Influences of different drying methods on the structural characteristics and multiple bioactivities of polysaccharides from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus).

In this study, in order to evaluate the influences of drying methods on the chemical structures and bioactivities of polysaccharides from okra (OPPs), four drying methods, including microwave drying at 400 W, 600 W, and 800 W, freezing drying, hot air drying, and vacuum drying, were applied to dry okra fruits. Six different OPPs were extracted from okra dried by different drying methods. Results showed that physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of OPPs varied by different drying methods.

Structural characterization, antioxidant activity, and antiglycation activity of polysaccharides from different chrysanthemum teas.

Polysaccharides are one of the major bioactive components in chrysanthemum teas. In order to understand well the chemical structures and bioactivities of polysaccharides from different chrysanthemum teas (JHPs) collected in China, the physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and antiglycation activity of polysaccharides extracted from different chrysanthemum teas, including , , 'Huangju', 'Gongju', and 'Hangbaiju', were investigated. The results showed that the contents of total uronic acids and total phenolics in JHPs ranged from (28.