Efficient electrolytic hydrogen evolution from cobalt porphyrin covalently functionalized with chain-like phosphazene on double-walled carbon nanotubes.

The development of efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for advancing electrochemical water splitting technology. Herein, we report a novel hybrid electrocatalyst, CoTHPP-PDCP@DWCNTs, synthesized through a covalent functionalization of cobalt-porphyrin (CoTHPP) with chain-like polydichlorophosphazenes (PDCP) and subsequent incorporation onto double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). The successful synthesis was confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques, which collectively revealed strong electronic interactions between components, improved charge transfer, and enhanced electrochemical stability.

Comparative study of peroxymonosulfate activation with HO activation by Cu-N doped biochar derived from peach gum network for rapid antibiotic removal.

The design and development of efficient biochar catalysts is an urgent need for the removal of toxic contaminants from water bodies. Peach gum (PG) is a natural colloid featuring a heteropolysaccharide macromolecule structure. Herein, Cu was anchored to the macromolecule of peach gum with dicyandiamide serving as the auxiliary ligand.

Anti-corrosion lithium anode interface by LiLaZrTaO modified buffer layer for stable cycling of room-temperature solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Non-flammable butanedinitrile (SN) is recognized as a highly prospective plasticizer for significantly reducing the operating temperature of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes. However, the instability of the lithium anode interface severely hinders the practical application of PEO/SN-based solid polymer electrolytes in room-temperature solid-state lithium metal batteries. In this work, we propose fast-ion conductive LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO) nanoparticles as corrosion inhibitors to constructure a multifunctional buffer layer on the surface of PEO/SN-based solid electrolyte (PSE@LLZTO) to stabilize the interface structure of Li anode via a facile spin-coating transfer technique.

Formation of double-shelled hollow spherical CdS/CaZnInS as S-scheme photocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

While the configuration of most metal oxides hollow structures is well established, the synthesis of multinary metal sulfides with complex multi-shelled hollow structures remains in its infancy. Herein, we have developed a facile method to synthesize superhydrophilic CaZnInS double-shelled hollow structures (DSHSs) with the assistance of trisodium citrate bilamellar vesicles, which manifests higher photocatalytic hydrogen generation rate compared with normal CaZnInS single-shelled hollow structures and solid microflowers. Further construction of CdS/CaZnInS S-scheme heterostructures by in situ photodeposition of CdS ultrafine nanoparticles on CaZnInS DSHSs creates an intimate interface coupling and expansive contact region for fast interfacial charge transfer.

Enhancing peroxymonosulfate activation via silver nanoparticle-decorated bismuth oxybromide/silver sulfide S-scheme heterojunction with surface plasmon resonance for tetracycline degradation: Mechanisms and pathways.

Catalysts with S-scheme semiconductor junctions offers an enhanced redox capacity. Herein, BiOBr/Ag/AgS composites with a three-dimensional structure were prepared by hydrothermal reaction. The growth of AgS nanoparticles on the surface of BiOBr nanoflowers was successfully achieved, leading to strong light absorption and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, together with improved rates of light-induced carriers.

Aflatoxin B1 exposure induces Alzheimer's disease like pathology by disrupting redox homeostasis and activating ferroptotic signals in C57BL/6 J mice.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic mycotoxins with neurotoxicity. Human exposure to AFB1 via contaminated foodstuffs has been linked to the risk of cognitive impairment, which may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AD in relation to AFB1 exposure is not clear.

Bioinspired Cu/Zn-ZIF nanozyme with excellent laccase-like activity for selective colorimetric detection of phenolic pollutants.

The ingenious design of active sites in mimetic enzymes is crucial for developing enzyme-like functional materials with high activity and selectivity. Inspired by the N-ligand-rich copper centers of natural laccase, a novel laccase-like nanozyme was developed by loading copper ions into zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (Cu/Zn-ZIF). Benefiting from the precise mimicry of the catalytic center and the high dispersion of catalytic sites which were supported by the MOF backbone, Cu/Zn-ZIF manifested superior laccase-like activity.

Construction of electrochemical immunosensor by integrating N, S doped carbon dots with FeO for ultrasensitive sensing alpha-fetoprotein.

As a vital biomarker, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whose ultrasensitive determination is essential to early diagnosis of HCC and sequential reduction of morbidity and mortality. Especially, the quantitative detection of AFP with high accuracy and ultra-sensitivity and overcoming the high complexity and cost is of great importance in clinical HCC diagnosis and curative effect evaluation. Herein, an electrochemical immunosensor was constructed by integrating NS-doped carbon dots (NS-CDs) with FeO (FeO@NS-CDs) for the quantitative analysis of AFP.

A CRISPR/Cas13a system based on a dumbbell-shaped hairpin combined with DNA-PAINT to establish the DCP-platform for highly sensitive detection of Hantaan virus RNA.

Rapid and sensitive detection of specific RNA sequences is crucial for clinical diagnosis, surveillance, and biotechnology applications. Currently, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the gold standard for RNA detection; however, it is associated with long processing time, complex procedures, and a high false-positive rate. To address these challenges, we developed a novel sensing platform based on CRISPR/Cas13a that incorporates a dumbbell-shaped hairpin and DNA-PAINT for rapid, highly specific, and sensitive RNA analysis.

Ripening-stage variations in small metabolites across six banana cultivars: A metabolomic perspective.

Currently, understanding of how banana cultivars differ in metabolism during ripening is limited. This study compared the pulp metabolites of six banana cultivars using NMR. Bananas with B genome were found to have higher amounts of total starch, amylose, amylopectin, and resistant starch compared to those without B genome.

Immobilization and release behaviors of uranium mediated by the redox processes between manganese oxides and dissolved organic matter: Effects of pH and goethite.

Both manganese dioxide (MnO₂) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) exert a significant influence on the chemical species of uranium in the contaminated soils, yet the impacts of the interactions between MnO and DOM, particularly in the presence of iron oxyhydroxides, on the environmental behaviors of uranium have not been elucidated. In this study, the dynamic behaviors of uranium were investigated during the reactions of DOM with δ-MnO in the presence of goethite at different pH values, by employing a combination of kinetic experiments, spectrophotometric titration, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis. Our results indicated that the presence of DOM decreased uranium adsorption on MnO and promoted the release of uranium bound to DOM and MnO through the oxidation of DOM and the reduction of MnO, respectively.

Guiqi Baizhu decoction enhances radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the HIF-1α/DNA-PKcs axis-mediated DNA repair.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and radiosensitivity is a determinant of its efficacy. Therefore, enhancing the radiosensitivity is of great significance to improve the clinical efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Purpose: This study intended to investigate the radiosensitisation effect and mechanism of Guiqi Baizhu decoction (GQBZD) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)/DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) axis-mediated DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair in NSCLC radiotherapy.

Label-free rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing with machine-learning based dynamic holographic laser speckle imaging.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant global challenge, creating an urgent need for rapid and sensitive antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods to guide timely treatment decisions. Traditional AST techniques, such as broth microdilution, disk diffusion, and gradient diffusion assays, require extended incubation times, delaying critical therapeutic interventions. In this study, we present a dynamic holographic laser speckle imaging (DhLSI) system, coupled with machine learning algorithms, for rapid assessment of bacterial susceptibility upon antibiotic treatment.

Development of a single-tube RPA/CRISPR-cas12a detection platform for monkeypox virus.

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with outbreaks primarily occurring in West and Central Africa. The recent global MPXV outbreak underscores the urgent need for effective detection methods. Currently, qPCR is considered the gold standard for MPXV detection; however, it requires specialized personnel and costly equipment.

Pseudomonas syringae exacerbates apple replant disease caused by Fusarium.

Apple replant disease (ARD) causes significant economic losses globally, including in China. Analyzing the causes of this replant disease from the perspective of rhizosphere microecology is therefore essential. In this study, we examined rhizosphere soils from apple trees subjected to continuous cropping.

Heme-thiolate monooxygenase cytochrome P450 1B1, an old dog with many new tricks.

Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 is a heme-thiolate monooxygenase traditionally recognized for its xenobiotic functions and extrahepatic expressions. Recent studies have suggested that CYP1B1 is also expressed in hepatic stellate cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts within the tumor microenvironment, as well as tumor cells themselves. CYP1B1 is responsible for the metabolism of a wide range of substrates, including xenobiotics such as drugs, environmental chemicals, and endobiotics such as steroids, retinol, and fatty acids.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome reveals the complexity of early nitrogen responses in poplar roots.

Nitrogen (N) availability is a key factor in plant growth, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the early responses of poplar (Populus × xiaohei T. S. Hwang & Liang) roots to nitrogen are not well understood.

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for pharmacokinetic assessment of a bispecific antibody (YBSW015) targeting SARS-CoV-2.

YBSW015 is a bispecific antibody that targets severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A pair of high-affinity parental monoclonal antibodies (B38 and H4) were discovered from the sera of convalescent patients, and YBSW015 was developed based on these two parental antibodies. To support pharmacokinetic research, a simple, specific and reproducible liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantifying YBSW015 in human serum.

An ultra-sensitive, multiplexed, and cost-effective POCT system for the detection of co-infecting respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, Flu A, Flu B, and RSV, within 30 min.

The co-circulation of respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A (Flu A), Influenza B (Flu B), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), poses a significant public health threat. Timely recognition of these viruses allows healthcare professionals to implement effective infection control measures, allocate medical resources properly, and prevent complications from incorrect treatments. Multiplex nucleic acid testing Point-of-care test (mNAT-POCT) circumvents issues of traditional tests, such as high demands on laboratory environments, personnel, and equipment, and limited target analyses, allowing its use in point-of-care settings.

Induction of Senescence in Lung Cancer Cells by Qidongning Formula via the Transcription Factor EGR1.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the early growth response gene 1 (EGR1) in inducing senescence in lung cancer cells by Qidongning Formula (QDF). Cell-Counting-Kit-8 was used to study the effect of QDF on A549 and NCI-H1975 cells proliferation. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-GAL) staining was used to examine the effect of QDF on cellular senescence.

Search for MeV-Scale Axionlike Particles and Dark Photons with PandaX-4T.

Axionlike particles (ALPs) and dark photons (DPs) are viable dark matter particle candidates. We have searched for possible ALP/DP signals in the PandaX-4T liquid xenon detector using 440  kg·yr of data. A binned likelihood fit is constructed to search for possible mono-energetic peaks induced by the absorption processes between ALPs/DPs and atomic electrons of xenon.

Large Tunneling Magnetoresistance in Nonvolatile 2D Hybrid Spin Filters.

Ferromagnetic semiconductors offer an efficient way to achieve high spin polarization via spin filtering effect. Large tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) can then be realized when multiple spin filters are put in series, as recently demonstrated in van der Waals 2D A-type antiferromagnets such as CrI_{3} and CrSBr. However, the interlayer antiferromagnetic ground state of these magnets inherently results in a high resistance state at zero field, and this volatile behavior limits potential applications.

Theory of Pressure Dependence of Superconductivity in Bilayer Nickelate La_{3}Ni_{2}O_{7}.

A recent experiment showed the superconducting transition temperature in the Ruddlesden-Popper bilayer La_{3}Ni_{2}O_{7} decreases monotonically with increasing pressure above 14 GPa. In order to unravel the underlying mechanism for this unusual dependence, we performed theoretical investigations by combining the density functional theory (DFT) and the unbiased functional renormalization group (FRG). Our DFT calculations show that the Fermi pockets are essentially unchanged with increasing pressure (above 14 GPa), but the bandwidth is enlarged, and particularly the interlayer hopping integral between the nickel 3d_{3z^{2}-r^{2}} orbitals is enhanced.

Buried Interface Passivation with 3,4,5-Trifluorophenylboronic Acid Enables Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

The p-i-n type perovskite solar cells with a nickel oxide (NiOx) hole transport layer in combination with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 26%. The surface properties of the SAM layer have a significant impact on the growth and crystallization of the perovskite film. In the meanwhile, defects formed during thermal annealing at the SAM layer and the perovskite layer interface would act as charge recombination centers, decreasing device performance and stability.

A new diphenyl ether with insecticidal activity from the mangrove endophytic fungus sp. GXNU-DY2-12.

A new diphenyl ether pseudopithoether C (), and five known compounds () were purified from secondary metabolites of the sp. GXNU-DY2-12 cultured in the rice medium. The new structure was analysed by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and X-ray single crystal diffractometer.