Asymptomatic primary rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma presented as a large pelvic mass.

A 55-year-old healthy Thai man presented with incidental finding of a well-circumscribed, 5.8×5.4 cm mass in the right side of the pelvic cavity with heterogeneous density by a CT scan performed for trauma.

Hydrocolonic sonography: a complete colorectal evaluation technique with preliminary results.

Background: Hydrocolonic ultrasound (HUS) is a low-cost imaging modality as compared with standard colonoscopy. However, HUS is not popular in the clinical setting due to its somewhat complicated technique of examination and inability to visualize the rectum. We developed a technique to overcome these limitations.

Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations for endoscopic and interventional management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is one of the most common types of hepatobiliary cancers reported in the world including Asia-Pacific region. Early HCCA may be completely asymptomatic. When significant hilar obstruction develops, the patient presents with jaundice, pale stools, dark urine, pruritus, abdominal pain, and sometimes fever.

Extravasation of the contrast in the unused urinary bladder.

Ruptured bladder or extravasation from the bladder is almost always associated with trauma. Spontaneous extravasation is extremely rare with only a few reported cases. All those reported extravasations occurred in the patients diagnosed with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and were self limiting conditions.

Frequency of abdominal CT findings in AIDS patients with M. avium complex bacteraemia.

Background: Use of blood culture studies for early diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection has become important due to the recent development of effective antibiotic therapy for this condition. This study assessed the abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with AIDS who presented with bacteraemic MAC infection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of abdominal CT scans was performed in 24 patients who presented with MAC-positive blood culture.

Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma: CT, MR imaging, and US findings.

Purpose: To determine the imaging features of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma that can be used to differentiate this mass from other lesions.

Materials And Methods: Imaging, histopathologic, and surgical findings in five patients with proved gangliocytic paraganglioma were reviewed. The most common symptom at presentation was abdominal pain (n = 3).

Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: pathologic basis of imaging findings in 28 cases.

Purpose: To correlate the imaging and pathologic features of undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma (UES) and account for the discrepancy between the solid appearance at ultrasound (US) and the almost cystlike appearance at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Materials And Methods: The clinical, pathologic, and imaging findings in 28 patients (age range, 3-49 years) with pathologically proved UES were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent at least one cross-sectional imaging study to include CT (27 patients), US (21 patients), and MR imaging (six patients).

Meckel's enteroliths: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings of Meckel's enteroliths, a rare complication of Meckel's diverticulum.

Materials And Methods: Of 84 cases of Meckel's diverticulum, eight (10%) were found at surgery to contain enteroliths. Abdominal radiographs and barium studies of these eight patients were reviewed retrospectively.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach: a cause of linitis plastica.

Purpose: To demonstrate the radiologic appearance of linitis plastica in non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach and to correlate radiologic and pathologic findings.

Materials And Methods: Of 34 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the stomach in the radiologic archives of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, nine had a linitis plastica appearance at barium study. The radiologic, endoscopic, and pathologic findings of these cases were reviewed.

Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus: radiographic findings in 10 patients.

Objective: Leiomyosarcomas of the esophagus are rare malignant smooth-muscle tumors that have been described only anecdotally in the radiology literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic findings of this unusual lesion.

Materials And Methods: A search of the radiology archives of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology revealed 10 cases of esophageal leiomyosarcomas.

Solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas: imaging-pathologic correlation on 56 cases.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical, pathologic, and imaging findings of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) of the pancreas and to correlate imaging and gross pathologic features.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed in 56 patients (53 female and three male patients aged 10-74 years [mean age at diagnosis, 25 years]) with pathologically proven SPEN of the pancreas. All patients underwent computed tomography (n = 49), ultrasonography (n = 31), or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n = 9).

Small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus: radiographic findings.

Purpose: To determine the radiographic findings of small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Materials And Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed barium studies as well as medical and pathologic records for three cases of small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus contributed to the radiologic archives of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

Results: Two patients presented with dysphagia and one with chest pain.

Inverted Meckel diverticulum: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings.

Purpose: To determine the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of inverted Meckel diverticulum by retrospectively reviewing a large series of cases.

Materials And Methods: Among 84 cases of Meckel diverticulum, 18 (21%) were found at surgery to be inverted into the lumen of the bowel. Thirteen of these 18 (72%) cases were associated with small bowel intussusception and five (28%) were not.

Esophageal leiomyomatosis.

Purpose: To reassess the clinical and radiologic findings in patients with esophageal leiomyomatosis.

Materials And Methods: A search of the authors' radiologic archives revealed six cases of esophageal leiomyomatosis in a 22-year period. The clinical findings and radiologic images were reviewed retrospectively.

Fibrovascular polyps of the esophagus: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in 16 patients.

Objective: Fibrovascular polyps of the esophagus are rare benign nonneoplastic intraluminal masses. Most published reports of patients with these polyps have been anecdotal. The purpose of this study was to reassess the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in a relatively large series of patients with this unusual tumorlike lesion.

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign hepatic tumor that likely represents a local hyperplastic response of hepatocytes to a congenital vascular anomaly. It is most commonly seen in middle-aged women and is typically a solid mass measuring less than 5 cm in diameter. Most lesions have central scars that contain thick-walled vessels that provide excellent arterial blood supply; hemorrhage, necrosis, and infarction are, therefore, extremely unusual.

Intussuscepted colonic lipomas: loss of fat attenuation on CT with pathologic correlation in 10 cases.

Background: To determine if infarction and necrosis is the cause of the confusing soft tissue density on CT within intussuscepting lipomas of the colon.

Methods: The clinical records, radiologic examinations, and pathologic specimens of all 13 cases of colonic lipomas collected from 1988 to 1994 studied by CT and surgically resected were retrospectively reviewed. Ten of these cases were associated with intussusception; the CT attenuation of the lead point was graded according to its relative fat/soft tissue density.

Islet cell tumors of the pancreas: pathologic-imaging correlation among size, necrosis and cysts, calcification, malignant behavior, and functional status.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to correlate the imaging and pathologic features of islet cell tumors with regard to tumor size, necrosis and cysts, calcification, malignant behavior, and functional status.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, pathologic, and imaging features of all 133 cases of pathologically proved islet cell tumors of the pancreas seen at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Clinical data, including the patients' symptoms and serologic characteristics, were used to distinguish hyperfunctioning tumors (those causing symptoms related to elevated serum polypeptide levels) from nonhyperfunctioning tumors; hyperfunctioning tumors were divided further into insulin-producing and non-insulin-producing types.

Biliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma: clinical-imaging-pathologic correlations with emphasis on the importance of ovarian stroma.

Purpose: To evaluate cross-sectional imaging in the distinction of biliary cystadenoma from cystadenocarcinoma and in the determination of the presence of ovarian stroma.

Materials And Methods: In 34 patients, radiologic studies and specimen photographs and descriptions were reviewed retrospectively without knowledge of the patient group. Histologic features were reviewed without knowledge of the radiologic findings and analyzed for epithelial and stromal components.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Gastrointestinal diseases are common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this review, the radiologic and pathologic findings of these diseases in AIDS patients are illustrated with cases from the archives of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Diseases are categorized in two etiologic groups, opportunistic infections and AIDS-related neoplasms.