Scintigraphic evaluation of functional hepatic mass in patients with advanced breast cancer.

Recent studies suggest a high specificity of 99mTc-galactosyl neoglycoalbumin (99mTc-NGA) receptor scanning in vivo by providing both morphological and functional diagnosis of liver disease. In 22 patients with advanced breast cancer 99mTc-NGA (150 MBq; 50 nmol) was exclusively trapped by the liver, the images showing 'cold spots' in areas of liver metastases formation. A two-tailed analysis was performed: the time activity curves recorded for the liver and precordial area were subjected to a kinetic receptor-calculating model allowing an estimation of the NGA-receptor concentration of the liver (i.

Antiradiation mixture and ionic-bond product of AET and adenyl nucleotides.

These experiments continued our line of inquiry into low-toxicity high-effectiveness radiomodifying agents obtained by binding radioprotective substances to biogenic and biologically active components or antidotes. Testes for toxicity and radioprotective effects were three preparations combining within one molecule AET and an adenyl nucleotide (AMP, ADP, or ATP). Ionic-bond formation was shown to have advantages over concomitant administration of AET and adenosine phosphoric acids as mixtures.

[The antiradiation properties of betamide under conditions of sublethal and lethal gamma irradiation].

Bone marrow cellularity in the femur, mass and cellularity of the spleen and small intestine, and nucleic acid concentration in the leukocyte mass of blood were investigated after the intraperitoneal administration of betamide (500 mg/kg) 15 min before gamma irradiation of mice with doses of 4, 7 and 9 Gy. The number of myelokaryocytes and splenocytes in the protected animals was shown to exceed considerably that in the controls on days 3 and 9 after irradiation with the three doses. With betamide injected on day 9 following irradiation the number of nucleated cells of the small intestine was larger and the nucleic acid concentration in leukocytes higher than the same indices in the irradiated control.

123I-tyrosine-(A14)-insulin: preparation and preliminary clinical studies.

Insulin was radioiodinated with 123I (123I-tyrosine-(A14)-insulin) to a specific activity of 1 micrograms/mCi, corresponding to 0.025 I.U.

Evaluation of somatostatin receptors in human cancer.

The binding of 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide (SDZ-204-090; specific activity 1 mCi/nmol), a new somatostatin-receptor binding radiopharmaceutical, to human tumour membrane fractions was evaluated in presence of unlabeled Tyr-3-octreotide and octreotide (SMS-201-995; Sandostatin). Tumour tissue was obtained intraoperatively from 15 patients with different endocrine tumours (insulinoma, carcinoide, phaechromocytoma, hypophysal adenoma) and breast cancer. In equilibrium experiments, membrane fractions (200 micrograms protein/ml) were incubated with increasing concentrations of 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide (0.

[The prevention and treatment of experimental radiation injuries to the skin by using the Nucliderm-gel preparation].

Radiopreventive and radiotherapeutic efficacy of nuclyderm-gel was studied on tails of mice exposed to fractionated gamma-radiation of 90 Gy (15 + 30 + 45 Gy) and 75 Gy (45 + 30 Gy). Daily seven-day treatment with nuclyderm-gel prior to irradiation with increasing doses (15 + 30 + 45 Gy) and the subsequent continuous therapy were shown to delay and reduce skin reactions. Nuclyderm-gel was particularly effective when used therapeutically.

Antiradiation properties of alpha tocopherol, anthocyans, and pyracetam administered combined as a pretreatment course.

The effects of an pretreatment course (2 x 5 days) combining vitamin E 20 mg/kg, anthocyans 50 mg/kg, and pyracetam 200 mg/kg on animal survival after lethal irradiation (8 Gy) and blood formation after sublethal irradiation (6 Gy) were studied in mice. Assessments were based on records of an integral criterion, 30-day survival, of spleen weight and cellularity, and of bone-marrow cellularity. Pretreatment with the mixture distinctly raised survival rate (50%) in the protected population.

Electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes from adeturone-pretreated rats exposed to gamma or high-energy protons.

Change in electrophoretic mobility (EM) of erythrocytes was studied 6 hours after rats were exposed to a dose range (0.5-4 Gy) of high-energy protons (9 GeV/nucleon) or gamma rays (0.660 MeV), with or without adeturone pretreatment (300 mg/kg body weight).

[The course of skin radiation reactions after treatment with the preparation nucliderm-gel].

The process of epithelialization and the antiseptic effect of nucliderm-gel applied locally have been studied on 63 oncologic patients subjected to radiotherapy. In all cases under study, nucliderm-gel promotes skin epithelialization and has a high antiseptic effect as compared with the drugs applied hitherto.

[Effect of adeturon on postradiation macromolecular synthesis in the peripheral blood leukocytes of gamma ray-irradiated rats].

DNA, RNA and protein syntheses were studied in peripheral blood leucocytes of irradiated (1-7 Gy) rats. Adeturon was shown to produce a pronounced protective effect on DNA synthesis progressively inhibited by the doses applied. The protective effect of the agent was not manifest with the slightly increased synthesis of RNA.

Cistiside-M, a new protective agent.

The toxicological and radiopharmacological properties of the agent Cistiside-M (2-mercaptoethylamine adenosine-5-phosphate) were investigated on male mice, lines C57Bl and H. The compound was administered intraperitoneally in doses from 1000 to 125 mg/kg, 15 min prior to lethal gamma-irradiation using a 137Cs source in the 6 to 15 Gy range. The radioprotective effect was assessed by the integral indices of 30-day survival, mean survival time, coefficient of protection alpha, S30 and the dose-reduction factor (DRF).

Adeturone protection of hemopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice and rats.

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possibility of providing chemical protection to blood forming organs and increasing animal survival rates in lethally irradiated H mice and Wistar rats. A 300 mg/kg dose of the radioprotective agent was injected intraperitoneally 15-30 min prior to irradiation with 8.0 Gy gamma rays.

[Radiation injuries to mice in relation to the modes of administration of adeturon].

In experiments with mice the influence of adeturon, a preparation obtained in Bulgaria, on the survival rate, leucocytes dynamics, cellularity of bone marrow and spleen, and on nucleic acids in the peripheral blood has been investigated. The comparative analysis of the results obtained indicates that the protective and therapeutic administration of adeturon is more effective than a single injection of the drug immediately after irradiation.

[Effect of the radioprotector adeturon on radiation injury in mice with Lewis carcinoma of the lung].

A study was made of the radioprotective effect of Adeturon, a protective agent obtained in Bulgaria, on mice with Luis lung tumors exposed to fractionated radiation. The effect of the radioprotector on a radiation-induced injury to normal tissue was estimated by the number of leucocytes in the peripheral blood and its count, cellularity of bone marrow and spleen and the mass of the latter, and by the number of exogenous and endogenous CFUs. A pronounced radioprotective effect of Adeturon was implemented through maintaining or normalizing the indices under study impaired by tumor inoculation or irradiation.

S-[(N,N'-diarylamidino)methyl] diethyldithiocarbamates and related amides as potential radioprotectants.

A series of symmetrically and unsymmetrically N,N'-diaryl-substituted amidinomethyl diethyldithiocarbamates and corresponding amides have been synthesized and tested for potential radioprotective activity. Antiradiation data for 10 amidines are presented. Half of the amidines showed low toxicity and radioprotective activity, based on both protective index (PI) and 30-day survival (greater than 35%) after lethal irradiation (800-rad X-rays).

Effect of Eleutherococcus extract on the radioprotective action of adeturone.

The effect of successive prophylactic administration of the adaptogen Eleutherococcus and the chemical radioprotector Adeturone on the radiation injury in rats is investigated. The experiments were carried out on sexually mature male Wistar rats weighing 170 +/- 10 g. For 14 days the animals drank water containing Eleutherococcus extract (Medexport), 5 g/kg body weight.

[Direct and mediated action of a permanent magnetic field on biological objects].

The effect of a constant magnetic field (CMF) of H = 2.3 X 10(5) A/m (2900 Oe) on the viability and radiosensitivity of E. coli B and the effect of magnetically activated water (MAW) on the radioresistance of rats were examined.

Protection of monkeys against prolonged gamma-irradiation.

The radioprotective effect of the Bulgarian drug Adeturone was tested on prolonged irradiated monkeys. The animals were gamma-irradiated (137Cs) in a dose of 8.3 Gy (exposure rate 3.

[Antiradiation properties of adeturon and polyanion used separately and in combination].

A study was made of the radioprotective effect of polyanion, a co-polymer of maleic and methacrylic acids, administered separately and in a combination with adeturon to irradiated (8 Gy, LD100/18) H male mice. Adeturon (300 mg/kg) was injected 15 min before, and polyanion (4 mg/kg) 24 h after gamma-irradiation. The effect of the preparations was assessed by the survival rate and hematologic indices (for instance, weight and cellularity of the spleen, bone marrow cellularity, and the number of leukocytes) at defined intervals within 30 days.