Valencene as a novel potential downregulator of THRB in NSCLC: network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, ADMET analysis, and in vitro analysis.

This study investigates the molecular targets and pathways affected by valencene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through network pharmacology and in vitro assays. Valencene's chemical structure was sourced from PubChem, and target identification utilized the PharmMapper database, cross-referenced with UniProtKB for official gene symbols. NSCLC-associated targets were identified via GeneCards, followed by protein-protein interaction analysis using STRING.

Chemical analysis and biological activities on solvent extracts from different parts of mill.

The present research is focused on the preparation of a variety of solvent extracts using different parts of Mill. for the estimation of phytochemicals and to perform biological activities. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were recorded as 141.

Instant clot forming and antibacterial wound dressings: Achieving hemostasis in trauma injuries with S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine-tranexamic acid-propolis formulation.

Wound infection and excessive blood loss are the two major challenges associated with trauma injuries that account for 10% of annual deaths in the United States. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gasotransmitter cell signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the natural wound healing process due to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling abilities. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a prothrombotic agent, has been used topically and systemically to control blood loss in reported cases of epistaxis and combat-related trauma injuries.

S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine impregnated latex: A new class of barrier contraception for the prevention of intercourse-associated UTIs.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are some of the most common infections seen in humans, affecting over half of the female population. Though easily and quickly treatable, if gone untreated for too long, UTIs can lead to narrowing of the urethra as well as bladder and kidney infections. Due to the disease potential, it is crucial to mitigate the development of UTIs throughout healthcare.

Acute Exposure to Bisphenol S Decreases In Vitro Right Atrial Contractility in Rats.

Aim/objective: Bisphenols are widely used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate material and epoxy resins which constitute the essential component of plastic. Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported to produce toxicity on organs in both animal and human studies. Therefore, plastic manufacturers are replacing BPA with other analogues that are considered to be safe, and BPA-free products are now available in the market.

Biosensor Detection of COVID-19 in Lung Cancer: Hedgehog and Mucin Signaling Insights.

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a global pandemic, particularly affecting individuals with pre-existing lung conditions and potentially leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Age and healthcare system limitations further amplify susceptibility to both diseases, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The intricate relationship between Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer highlights their clinical implications and the potential for early detection through biosensor techniques involving hedgehog and mucin signaling.

A prospective study on the role of foot evertor muscle activity in recurrence of clubfoot.

Background: Even after corrective casting and bracing, clubfoot recurrence is challenging throughout childhood, with around 14-40 % recurrence rates. Most of the literature on recurrence was attributed to various factors, and minimal research was conducted to know the role of foot evertor muscle activity and its stimulation benefits. This study aimed to assess the role of foot evertor muscle activity in idiopathic congenital clubfoot recurrence by using clinical, sonographic, and electromyographic parameters.

Response and resilience of Asian agrifood systems to COVID-19: An assessment across twenty-five countries and four regional farming and food systems.

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting health and economies across the world, although the nature of direct and indirect effects on Asian agrifood systems and food security has not yet been well understood.

Objectives: This paper assesses the initial responses of major farming and food systems to COVID-19 in 25 Asian countries, and considers the implications for resilience, food and nutrition security and recovery policies by the governments.

Methods: A conceptual systems model was specified including key pathways linking the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 to the resilience and performance of the four principal Asian farming and food systems, viz, lowland rice based; irrigated wheat based; hill mixed; and dryland mixed systems.

Plastic bottle feeding produces changes in biochemical parameters in human infants - A pilot study.

Background: Plastic bottles are widely used by people to feed their infants when breastfeeding is not possible. Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor is widely used in the manufacturing of plastic wares and is leached out from these plastic wares on exposure to high temperature, changed pH, or cleaning the plastic wares by harsh detergents.

Purpose: Feeding through plastic bottles over prolong duration is expected to expose the infants to leached BPA.

An appraisal of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): the dynamic molecule of wound healing and its current clinical applications.

Angiogenesis is a critical step of wound healing, and its failure leads to chronic wounds. The idea of restoring blood flow to the damaged tissues by promoting neo-angiogenesis is lucrative and has been researched extensively. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key dynamic molecule of angiogenesis has been investigated for its functions.

Covalently Bound -Nitroso--Acetylpenicillamine to Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Multifunctional Tissue Engineering Applications.

Attachment of a nitric oxide (NO) donor to an electrospun polymer has the potential to improve its proliferative and antimicrobial capabilities. This study presents the novel, covalent attachment of -nitroso--acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) to polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. By attaching the NO donor to the polymer, rather than blending it, leaching is reduced to maintain a NO flux within the physiologically relevant range for a longer duration, while limiting any cytotoxic effects.

Interplay of Trypanosome Lytic Factor and innate immune cells in the resolution of cutaneous Leishmania infection.

Trypanosome Lytic Factor (TLF) is a primate-specific high-density lipoprotein (HDL) complex that, through the cation channel-forming protein apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1), provides innate immunity to select kinetoplastid parasites. The immunoprotective effects of TLF have been extensively investigated in the context of its interaction with the extracellular protozoan Trypanosoma brucei brucei, to which it confers sterile immunity. We previously showed that TLF could act against an intracellular pathogen Leishmania, and here we dissected the role of TLF and its synergy with host-immune cells.

Online Foundation Course Program for First Year Medical Undergraduates Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic - A New Learning Experience.

Foundation programs are conducted in medical schools for undergraduate students, since they are naïve and unaware of the medical profession in depth. The program helps them to become familiar with the undergraduate medical training. The present intake of first year medical undergraduates had joined the institute amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and hence the foundation program had to be conducted through an online platform.

Apolipoproteins L1-6 share key cation channel-regulating residues but have different membrane insertion and ion conductance properties.

The human apolipoprotein L gene family encodes the apolipoprotein L1-6 (APOL1-6) proteins, which are effectors of the innate immune response to viruses, bacteria and protozoan parasites. Due to a high degree of similarity between APOL proteins, it is often assumed that they have similar functions to APOL1, which forms cation channels in planar lipid bilayers and membranes resulting in cytolytic activity. However, the channel properties of the remaining APOL proteins have not been reported.

HS-Releasing Composite: a Gasotransmitter Platform for Potential Biomedical Applications.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an endogenous gasotransmitter in the human body involved in various physiological functions including cytoprotection, maintaining homeostasis, and regulation of organ development. Therefore, HS-releasing polymers that can imitate endogenous HS release can offer great therapeutic potential. Despite decades of research, the use of HS donors in medical device applications is mostly unexplored largely due to the challenge of the steady HS release from a suitable polymeric platform that does not compromise the normal cellular functions of the host.

Highly Efficient Antimicrobial Activity of CuFeO Nanoparticles against Important Human Pathogens.

The development of innovative antimicrobial materials is crucial in thwarting infectious diseases caused by microbes, as drug-resistant pathogens are increasing in both number and capacity to detoxify the antimicrobial drugs used today. An ideal antimicrobial material should inhibit a wide variety of bacteria in a short period of time, be less or not toxic to normal cells, and the fabrication or synthesis process should be cheap and easy. We report a one-step microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of mixed composite CuFeO (FeO/CuO/CuO/CuFeO) nanoparticles (NPs) as an excellent antimicrobial material.

Electrospun Bioabsorbable Fibers Containing -Nitrosoglutathione for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Blended and coaxial fibers comprising polycaprolactone and gelatin, containing the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor -nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), were electrospun. Both types of fibers had their NO release profiles tested under physiological conditions to examine their potential applications as biomedical scaffolds. The coaxial fibers exhibited a prolonged and consistent release of NO over the course of 4 d from the core-encapsulated GSNO, while the blended fibers had a large initial release and leaching of GSNO that was exhausted over a shorter period of time.

Contribution and dilemmas of Medical undergraduate students in combating disease outbreaks: COVID 19 and previous outbreaks.

COVID 19 has brought several challenges for each individual, changing the world's perception of health-care professionals. People are hailing health-care professionals as heroes, worthy of praise and gratitude. However, the pandemic has overburdened the health-care system.

Avian gut experiments: an alternative approach for teaching the properties of intestinal smooth muscles.

Experiments on isolated mammalian gut are essential components of the physiology curriculum worldwide. Over the years, these routine experiments have been largely replaced by simulation modules, to reduce the euthanization of animals for understanding established facts and mechanisms in gut physiology. However, a medical undergraduate needs hands-on training to handle a living tissue to have a better understanding of physiology.

Effect of Exposure of Plastic Infant Feeding Bottle Leached Water on Biochemical, Morphological and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Rats.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is leached out from plastic infant feeding bottles that are filled with warm milk/water due to high temperatures, exposing the infants to BPA. The present study aims to understand the effects of ingestion of BPA leached from plastic infant feeding bottle and delineate the underlying mechanisms in rats. In this study, adult rats of Wistar strain were divided into 3 groups.

Exploring Physiology Through Working Model Preparation by Undergraduate Students.

Background: Physiology is a foundation for studying medicine. Student-centred learning methods are needed for a better understanding of the subject. Preparation of working models by students in Physiology is expected to provide better understanding of the subject since they learn by doing these themselves.

Antibacterial and Cellular Response Toward a Gasotransmitter-Based Hybrid Wound Dressing.

Biological processes such as infection, angiogenesis, and fibroblast proliferation and migration need to be regulated for effective healing of a wound. Failing to do so can delay the overall wound healing and add to the suffering and healthcare cost. Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is a well-known gasotransmitter in the natural healing process in humans and other mammals.

Catalyzed Nitric Oxide Release Via Cu Nanoparticles Leads to an Increase in Antimicrobial Effects and Hemocompatibility for Short Term Extracorporeal Circulation.

Devices used for extracorporeal circulation are met with two major medical concerns: thrombosis and infection. A device that allows for anticoagulant-free circulation while reducing risk of infection has yet to be developed. We report the use of a copper nanoparticle (Cu NP) catalyst for the release of nitric oxide (NO) from the endogenous donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) in a coating applied to commercial Tygon S3 E-3603 poly(vinyl chloride) tubing in order to reduce adhered bacterial viability and the occurrence thrombosis for the first time in an animal model.