Deep Learning Predicts Lymphovascular Invasion Status in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Histopathology.

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is linked to poor prognosis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Accurately identifying the LVI status in MIBC patients is crucial for effective risk stratification and precision treatment. We aim to develop a deep learning model to identify the LVI status in whole-slide images (WSIs) of MIBC patients.

Prediction of HER2 Status Based on Deep Learning in H&E-Stained Histopathology Images of Bladder Cancer.

Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 () has been widely recognized as one of the targets for bladder cancer immunotherapy. The key to implementing personalized treatment for bladder cancer patients lies in achieving rapid and accurate diagnosis. To tackle this challenge, we have pioneered the application of deep learning techniques to predict expression status from H&E-stained pathological images of bladder cancer, bypassing the need for intricate IHC staining or high-throughput sequencing methods.

[Improvement effect of cinnamaldehyde on reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease rat model].

In order to study the neuroprotective mechanism of cinnamaldehyde on reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease(PD) rat models, 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Madopar group, and cinnamaldehyde high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Except for the blank group, the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with reserpine of 0.1 mg·kg~(-1) once every other morning, and cinnamaldehyde and Madopar solutions were gavaged every afternoon.

Clinical characteristics of bloodstream infections in adult patients with solid tumours and a nomogram for mortality prediction: a 5-year case-controlled retrospective study in a tertiary-level hospital.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients. Nevertheless, the risk factors of BSIs in solid tumors have rarely been ascertained adequately.

Methods: We conducted a single-center case-controlled retrospective study from 2017 to 2021 among adults with solid tumors in a tertiary-level hospital.

The SUPER reporting guideline suggested for reporting of surgical technique: explanation and elaboration.

Background: Surgical technique plays an essential role in achieving good health outcomes. However, the quality of surgical technique reporting remains heterogeneous. Reporting checklists could help authors to describe the surgical technique more transparently and effectively, as well as to assist reviewers and editors evaluate it more informatively, and promote readers to better understand the technique.

A Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Model and Human-Machine Fusion for Accurate Grading of Renal Cell Carcinoma from Histopathology Slides.

(1) Background: The Fuhrman grading (FG) system is widely used in the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, it is affected by observer variability and irreproducibility in clinical practice. We aimed to use a deep learning multi-class model called SSL-CLAM to assist in diagnosing the FG status of ccRCC patients using digitized whole slide images (WSIs).

Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis Status from Primary Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Histology Slides Using Deep Learning: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) status in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) before radical cystectomy can guide the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the extent of pelvic lymph node dissection. We aimed to develop and validate a weakly-supervised deep learning model to predict LNM status from digitized histopathological slides in MIBC.

Methods: We trained a multiple instance learning model with an attention mechanism (namely SBLNP) from a cohort of 323 patients in the TCGA cohort.

Machine Learning Quantified Tumor-Stroma Ratio Is an Independent Prognosticator in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Although the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has prognostic value in many cancers, the traditional semi-quantitative visual assessment method has inter-observer variability, making it impossible for clinical practice. We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) algorithm for accurately quantifying TSR in hematoxylin-and-eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images (WSI) and further investigate its prognostic effect in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We used an optimal cell classifier previously built based on QuPath open-source software and ML algorithm for quantitative calculation of TSR.

Reporting guidelines for surgical technique could be improved: a scoping review and a call for action.

Objectives: To identify reporting guidelines related to surgical technique and propose recommendations for areas that require improvement.

Study Design And Setting: A protocol-guided scoping review was conducted. A literature search of MEDLINE, the EQUATOR Network Library, Google Scholar, and Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations was conducted to identify surgical technique reporting guidelines published up to December 31, 2021.

Quantitative Assessment of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Using Machine Learning Predicts Survival in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

(1) Purpose: Although assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been acknowledged to have important predictive prognostic value in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), it is limited by inter- and intra-observer variability, hampering widespread clinical application. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of quantitative TILs score based on a machine learning (ML) algorithm to identify MIBC patients who might benefit from immunotherapy or the de-escalation of therapy. (2) Methods: We constructed an artificial neural network classifier for tumor cells, lymphocytes, stromal cells, and “ignore” cells from hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained slide images using the QuPath open source software.

Accurate Diagnosis and Survival Prediction of Bladder Cancer Using Deep Learning on Histological Slides.

(1) Background: Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to reduce the mortality rate of bladder cancer (BLCA). We aimed to develop deep learning (DL)-based weakly supervised models for the diagnosis of BLCA and prediction of overall survival (OS) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients using whole slide digitized histological images (WSIs). (2) Methods: Diagnostic and prognostic models were developed using 926 WSIs of 412 BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort.

Off-label use of drugs in pediatrics: a scoping review.

To explore the current state of research on off-label drug use in children and identify the existing research gaps in this topic. Six literature databases were searched to identify studies focusing exclusively on off-label drug use in children (aged < 18 years) published in Chinese or English between 2016 and 2021. We also searched clinicaltrials.

Prognostic value of high FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: FOXO3a (previously termed FKHRL1), plays an evolutionarily conserved role in the control of biological process, including DNA damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. However, the role of FOXO3a in tumors remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of FOXO3a expression in patients with solid tumors.

Hydraulic mechanisms of the uneven enrichment of soil organic carbon in sediments during rain-induced overland flow.

Organic carbon (OC) can be unevenly enriched in different-sized sediment particles under low-intensity, rain-induced overland flows, but its hydraulic mechanisms are not completely understood. Hence, in this study, the hydraulic transport mechanisms of unevenly enriched OC between different-sized sediment particles were investigated through simulated rainfall experiments at gradients of 5°, 10°, and 15° and typical regional rainfall intensities of 45, 90, and 120 mm h-1. Results showed that the critical flow velocity of aggregate transport through loess soil was approximately 0.

Developing the surgical technique reporting checklist and standards: a study protocol.

Background: Standardized and transparent reporting of surgical technique is the cornerstone of effective dissemination, implementation and improvement. However, current reporting of surgical techniques is inadequate. The existing guidelines potentially applied to guide surgical technique reporting are with a minimal highlight of the surgical technique, lack requirements explaining what extent and dimensions need to be described in detail, or are unlikely to extrapolate to a wide range of surgical techniques.

The pathogenic characteristics and influencing factors of health care-associated infection in elderly care center under the mode of integration of medical care and elderly care service: A cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in elderly care centers under the mode of integration of medical care and elderly care service, and explore the influencing factors to reduce the health care-associated infection rate of hospitalized patients.A total of 2597 inpatients admitted to elderly care centers from April 2018 to December 2019 were included in the study. The etiology characteristics of health care-associated infections (HCAI) was statistically analyzed, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis method were used to analyze the influencing factors of HCAI.

The high expression of CHD1L and its clinical significance in human solid tumors: A meta-analysis.

Background: Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1-like (CHD1L) is an oncogene. It was cloned from 1q21 chromosome region of hepatocellular carcinoma in 1991. CHD1L is up-regulated in many kinds of cancers and is involved in the carcinogenesis and development of tumors.

Could saline irrigation clear all residual common bile duct stones after lithotripsy? A self-controlled prospective cohort study.

Background: A previous study showed that irrigation with 100 mL saline reduced residual common bile duct (CBD) stones, which potentially cause recurrent stones after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Aim: To determine whether saline irrigation can improve CBD clearance after lithotripsy.

Methods: This prospective self-controlled study enrolled patients receiving mechanical lithotripsy for large (> 1.

Bacteria are more sensitive than fungi to moisture in eroded soil by natural grass vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau.

Community composition and respiration rates of bacterial and fungal communities from grass-covered eroded soils of the Loess Plateau responded differently to constant and increasing soil moisture (SM) regimes. The soils were incubated with SM contents of 5%, 30%, and 45% and with wetting processes in the SM ranges from 5% to 30% (5-30%), from 5% to 30% to 45% (5-30-45%) and from 30% to 45% (30-45%); high-throughput sequencing and co-occurrence network analyses were applied to investigate the different responses of the bacterial and fungal communities to changed SM. Our results showed that bacteria were more sensitive than fungi to changes in SM.

Biodegradation of 3,5-dimethyl-2,4-dichlorophenol in saline wastewater by newly isolated Penicillium sp. yz11-22N2.

In this study, the performance of 3,5-dimethyl-2,4-dichlorophenol (DCMX) degradation by a screened strain was investigated. 18S rDNA and the neighbor-joining method were used for identification of the isolated strain. The results of phylogenetic analysis and scanning electron micrographs showed that the most probable identity of the screened strain should be Penicillium sp.