A Crayfish-Inspired Sensor Fusion Platform for Super Additive Integration of Visual, Chemical, and Tactile Information.

The concept of cross-sensor modulation, wherein one sensor modality can influence another's response, is often overlooked in traditional sensor fusion architectures, leading to missed opportunities for enhancing data accuracy and robustness. In contrast, biological systems, such as aquatic animals like crayfish, demonstrate superior sensor fusion through multisensory integration. These organisms adeptly integrate visual, tactile, and chemical cues to perform tasks such as evading predators and locating prey.

A high level of scientific evidence is available to guide treatment of primary shoulder stiffness: The SIAGASCOT consensus.

Purpose: Shoulder stiffness (SS) is a condition characterised by active and passive restricted glenohumeral range of motion, which can occur spontaneously in an idiopathic manner or be associated with a known underlying aetiology. Several treatment options are available and currently no consensus has been obtained on which treatment algorithm represents the best choice for the patient. Herein we present the results of a national consensus on the treatment of primary SS.

Three-dimensional integration of two-dimensional field-effect transistors.

In the field of semiconductors, three-dimensional (3D) integration not only enables packaging of more devices per unit area, referred to as 'More Moore' but also introduces multifunctionalities for 'More than Moore' technologies. Although silicon-based 3D integrated circuits are commercially available, there is limited effort on 3D integration of emerging nanomaterials such as two-dimensional (2D) materials despite their unique functionalities. Here we demonstrate (1) wafer-scale and monolithic two-tier 3D integration based on MoS with more than 10,000 field-effect transistors (FETs) in each tier; (2) three-tier 3D integration based on both MoS and WSe with about 500 FETs in each tier; and (3) two-tier 3D integration based on 200 scaled MoS FETs (channel length, L = 45 nm) in each tier.

Toward High-Performance p-Type Two-Dimensional Field Effect Transistors: Contact Engineering, Scaling, and Doping.

n-type field effect transistors (FETs) based on two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoS and WS have come close to meeting the requirements set forth in the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS). However, p-type 2D FETs are dramatically lagging behind in meeting performance standards. Here, we adopt a three-pronged approach that includes contact engineering, channel length () scaling, and monolayer doping to achieve high performance p-type FETs based on synthetic WSe.

An all 2D bio-inspired gustatory circuit for mimicking physiology and psychology of feeding behavior.

Animal behavior involves complex interactions between physiology and psychology. However, most AI systems neglect psychological factors in decision-making due to a limited understanding of the physiological-psychological connection at the neuronal level. Recent advancements in brain imaging and genetics have uncovered specific neural circuits that regulate behaviors like feeding.

A bio-inspired visuotactile neuron for multisensory integration.

Multisensory integration is a salient feature of the brain which enables better and faster responses in comparison to unisensory integration, especially when the unisensory cues are weak. Specialized neurons that receive convergent input from two or more sensory modalities are responsible for such multisensory integration. Solid-state devices that can emulate the response of these multisensory neurons can advance neuromorphic computing and bridge the gap between artificial and natural intelligence.

Factors influencing recurrent varicose vein formation after radiofrequency thermal ablation for truncal reflux performed in two high-volume venous centers.

Objective: Recanalization of the saphenous vein trunk after endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is often associated with recurrent varicose veins (RVVs) or recanalization. This study aimed to assess the long-term results of RFA of the great saphenous vein (GSV) and identify the risk factors for GSV recanalization and RVVs during follow-up for patients presenting to dedicated outpatient vein centers.

Methods: All consecutive patients with incompetent GSVs who underwent RFA between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Mytomicin-C, Metronomic Capecitabine, and Bevacizumab in Patients With Unresectable or Relapsed Pseudomyxoma Peritonei of Appendiceal Origin.

Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare, slow growing tumor, traditionally considered chemoresistant. The only curative approach is cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). At disease relapse, or in patients with inoperable disease at diagnosis, no standard treatment has been defined, though nonrandomized series showed promising results with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens.

High degree of consensus on diagnosis and management of rotator cuff tears: a Delphi approach.

Purpose: To develop a consensus on diagnosis and treatment of rotator cuff tears. The study focused on selected areas: imaging, prognostic factors, treatment options, surgical techniques.

Methods: Panel was composed of all members of the shoulder committee of the Italian Society of Arthroscopy, Knee, Upper arm, Sport, Cartilage and Orthopedic techniques (SIAGASCOT).

Observation of Rich Defect Dynamics in Monolayer MoS.

Defects play a pivotal role in limiting the performance and reliability of nanoscale devices. Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors such as monolayer MoS are no exception. Probing defect dynamics in 2D FETs is therefore of significant interest.

Radiation Resilient Two-Dimensional Electronics.

Limitations in cloud-based computing have prompted a paradigm shift toward all-in-one "edge" devices capable of independent data sensing, computing, and storage. Advanced defense and space applications stand to benefit immensely from this due to their need for continual operation in areas where maintaining remote oversight is difficult. However, the extreme environments relevant to these applications necessitate rigorous testing of technologies, with a common requirement being hardness to ionizing radiation.

Outcome Measures of In-Office Endovenous Radiofrequency Treatment of Varicose Vein Feasibility.

RFA is a relatively new treatment, approved by the FDA in 1999 and is a minimally invasive intervention that has become one of the most common alternatives due to its many advantages, including decreased pain, less morbidity, shorter hospital stay and faster return to work. We retrospectively analyzed a total of 503 limbs submitted for surgical interventions for VVs using the RFA, combined or not with surgical phlebectomies and sclerotherapy, in our institution between April 2012 and December 2020. The technical success was 99.

Insect-Inspired, Spike-Based, in-Sensor, and Night-Time Collision Detector Based on Atomically Thin and Light-Sensitive Memtransistors.

Detecting a potential collision at night is a challenging task owing to the lack of discernible features that can be extracted from the available visual stimuli. To alert the driver or, alternatively, the maneuvering system of an autonomous vehicle, current technologies utilize resource draining and expensive solutions such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) or image sensors coupled with extensive software running sophisticated algorithms. In contrast, insects perform the same task of collision detection with frugal neural resources.

Active pixel sensor matrix based on monolayer MoS phototransistor array.

In-sensor processing, which can reduce the energy and hardware burden for many machine vision applications, is currently lacking in state-of-the-art active pixel sensor (APS) technology. Photosensitive and semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials can bridge this technology gap by integrating image capture (sense) and image processing (compute) capabilities in a single device. Here, we introduce a 2D APS technology based on a monolayer MoS phototransistor array, where each pixel uses a single programmable phototransistor, leading to a substantial reduction in footprint (900 pixels in ∼0.

Bioinspired and Low-Power 2D Machine Vision with Adaptive Machine Learning and Forgetting.

Natural intelligence has many dimensions, with some of its most important manifestations being tied to learning about the environment and making behavioral changes. In primates, vision plays a critical role in learning. The underlying biological neural networks contain specialized neurons and synapses which not only sense and process visual stimuli but also learn and adapt with remarkable energy efficiency.

Exploring Perceptions of Shift Length: A State-Based Survey of Registered Nurses.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore clinical nurses' perspectives of shift length.

Background: Discussions about scheduling practices, work rotations, and shift length are pervasive among nurses and nursing leadership. However, the science surrounding nurse perceptions of longer shifts is limited.

COVID-19 Collaborative Model for an Academic Hospital and Long-Term Care Facilities.

The COVID-19 pandemic is devastating post-acute and long-term care (PA/LTC). As geriatricians practicing in PA/LTC and a regional academic medical center, we created this program for collaboration between academic medical centers and regional PA/LTC facilities. The mission of the Geriatric Engagement and Resource Integration in Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Facilities (GERI-PaL) program is to support optimal care of residents in PA/LTC facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Association between Clostridioides difficile infection and multidrug-resistant organism colonization or infection among hospitalized adults: A case-control study.

Using an ambidirectional case-control study, we found that the odds of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) were 3.38 (P = .01) times higher for patients with multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization compared to those without.

Risk factors for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) gene acquisition and clinical outcomes across multiple bacterial species.

Introduction: Risk factors for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) acquisition/infection and associated clinical outcomes have been evaluated in the context of clonal, species-specific outbreaks. Equivalent analyses for complex, multi-species outbreaks, which are increasingly common, are lacking.

Methods: Between December 2010 and January 2017, a case-control study of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing organism (KPCO) acquisition was undertaken using electronic health records from inpatients in a US academic medical centre and long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) with ongoing multi-species KPCO transmission despite a robust CPE screening programme.

Gaussian synapses for probabilistic neural networks.

The recent decline in energy, size and complexity scaling of traditional von Neumann architecture has resurrected considerable interest in brain-inspired computing. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) based on emerging devices, such as memristors, achieve brain-like computing but lack energy-efficiency. Furthermore, slow learning, incremental adaptation, and false convergence are unresolved challenges for ANNs.