Proteomic Characterization of Human Neural Stem Cells and Their Secretome During Differentiation.

Cell therapies represent a promising approach to slow down the progression of currently untreatable neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), as well as to support the reconstruction of functional neural circuits after spinal cord injuries.

Features of Postnatal Hippocampal Development in a Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease.

Aging is the major risk factor of the most common (∼95% of cases) sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulating data indicate middle age as a critical period for the relevant pathological processes, however, the question of when AD starts to develop remains open. It has been reported only recently that in the early postnatal period-when brain development is completing-preconditions for a decrease in cognitive abilities and for accelerated aging can form.

Conventional Anti-glioblastoma Chemotherapy Affects Proteoglycan Composition of Brain Extracellular Matrix in Rat Experimental Model .

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a conventional chemotherapy drug for adjuvant treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), often accompanied by dexamethasone (DXM) to prevent brain oedema and alleviate clinical side effects. Here, we aimed to investigate an ability of the drugs to affect normal brain tissue in terms of proteoglycan (PG) composition/content in experimental rat model . Age- and brain zone-specific transcriptional patterns of PGs were demonstrated for 8, 60, and 120 days old rats, and syndecan-1, glypican-1, decorin, biglycan, and lumican were identified as the most expressed PGs.

[Protective Effects of Myelopeptides in Neuroblastoma C-1300 Cell Culture].

The effects of bone marrow regulatory peptides--myelopeptides 1-6--in mouse neuroblastoma C-1300 were studied. Cultivation in presence of myelopeptides stimulated morphological differentiation of neuroblasts. Neuroprotective abilities of myelopeptides were shown on the models of morphine toxity and oxygen-glucose deprivation in neuroblastoma cell culture.

Neuritogenic and neuroprotective effects of polar steroids from the Far East starfishes Patiria pectinifera and Distolasterias nipon.

The neuritogenic and neuroprotective activities of six starfish polar steroids, asterosaponin Р₁, (25S)-5α-cholestane-3β,4β,6α,7α,8,15α,16β,26-octaol, and (25S)-5α-cholestane-3β,6α,7α,8,15α,16β,26-heptaol (1-3) from the starfish Patiria pectinifera and distolasterosides D₁-D₃ (4-6) from the starfish Distolasterias nipon were analyzed using the mouse neuroblastoma (NB) C-1300 cell line and an organotypic rat hippocampal slice culture (OHSC). All of these compounds enhanced neurite outgrowth in NB cells. Dose-dependent responses to compounds 1-3 were observed within the concentration range of 10-100 nM, and dose-dependent responses to glycosides 4-6 were observed at concentrations of 1-50 nM.

[Pregnancy and malignant melanoma].

The authors review on a rare pregnancy accompanying disease--Melanoma malignum. After the definition are presented the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, pathomorphology, clinical forms, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Described are the effects of the pregnancy on this malignant disease and the impact of it during the pregnancy.

[Ecology and epizootology of Microsporidia in malarial mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) from the south of Western Siberia].

The ecology and epizootology of Microsporidia were studied in the natural population of malarial mosquitoes from Western Siberia over a 30-year period. Symptoms of the disease, host specificity and character of parasite localization in host tissues were investigated. Microsporidia of 9 species from 4 genera, namely Amblyospora, Crepidulospora, Senoma, and Parathelohania, were found in the malarial mosquito larvae from the territory examined.

Neuroprotective effect of ultra-low doses of antibodies against S100 protein in neuroblastoma culture during oxygen and glucose deprivation.

Antibodies against S100 protein applied in high and ultra-high dilutions possess neuroprotective activity and maintain survival of neuroblastoma C-1300 cells under conditions of oxygen and glucose deprivation. The examined antibody preparations stimulated differentiation in neuroblastoma culture thereby demonstrating pronounced neurotrophic activity.

[Polyhydroxylated steroid compounds from the Far Eastern starfish Distolasterias nipon].

Two new steroid glycosides: distolasteroside D6, (24S)-24-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-5alpha-cholestane-3beta,6alpha,8,15beta,16beta,24-hexaol, and distolasteroside D7. (22E,24R)-24-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-5alpha-cholest-22-ene-3beta,6alpha,8,15beta,24-pentaol were isolated along with the previously known distolasterosides D1, D2, and D3, echinasteroside C, and (25S)-5alpha-cholestane-3beta,4beta,6alpha,7alpha,8,15alpha,16beta,26-octaol from the Far Eastern starfish Distolasterias nipon. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and MALDI TOF mass spectrometry.

[Study of the binding of nuclear proteins from Plasmodium berghei strains with different chloroquine sensitivity to oligonucleotides corresponding to regulatory elements of multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene].

Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay we first revealed in the nuclear extracts of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) proteins, which bind specifically to the double-stranded oligonucleotides reproducing the binding sites of the transcription factors of AP1 family, NF-IL6 and SP1 involved in the up-regulation of human multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene and to the oligonucleotide corresponding to the element responsive for the stimulation by serum (SRE). The nuclear proteins isolated from the P.

Neurotrophic effects of polyhydroxylated steroids and steroid glycosides in cultured neuroblastoma cells.

The effects of steroid compounds from Pacific Ocean starfishes were studied using cultured neuroblastoma C-1300 cells. Vital observations and examination of silver-impregnated preparations showed that the test substances in a concentration of 2-10 microM stimulate differentiation and improves survival of neuroblastoma cells under adverse conditions (similarly to neurotrophins). These substances in high concentrations (20-40 microM) had no effect or exhibited cytotoxic activity.

Differences in binding of nuclear proteins from P. berghei strains differing by chloroquine resistance to oligonucleotides corresponding to mdr1 gene regulatory elements.

Proteins specifically reacting with AP1, MEF1, NF-IL6, and SP1 transcription factor binding sites were detected for the first time in nuclear extract of P. berghei (rodent malaria parasite) using gel retardation assay. P.

[Six new species of microsporidia of the genus Amblyospora (Microspora: Amblyosporidae) from blood sucking mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the west Siberia].

Microsporidia of the genus Amblyospora parasiting the adipose body of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes and Culex has been studied with both light and electron microscopy. Six new species of microsporidia are described based on ultrastructural characteristics of spores and sporogony stages. Amblyospora flavescens sp.

[Crepidulospora--nomen novum for the junior generic homonym (preoccupied generic name) Crepidula].

Crepidulospora nom. nov. is a replacement generic name for the genus Crepidula Simakova, Pankova et Issi, 2003 based on the type species Crepidula beklemishevi Simakova, Pankova et Issi, 2003 (Microsporida) from Anopheles beklemishevi.

[Microsporidia of the genus Parahtelohania (Microspora: Amblyosporidae) from blood-sucking mosquitoes of the genus Anopeles (Diptera: Culicidae) from the South of the West Siberia].

Five new microsporidian species of the genus Parathelohania have been found in the fat body of blood-sucking mosquitoes collected in various water basins in the South of West Siberia: Parathelohania divulgata sp. n., P.

In vitro effects of bipathic treatment with antibodies in ultralow doses during long-term post-tetanic potentiation.

We studied the effects of individual or combination treatment with monoclonal antibodies 5F5-B6 in ultralow doses specifically marking mossy fibers in rat hippocampus and antibodies to S100 protein during long-term post-tetanic potentiation in hippocampal slices. The possible mechanisms of changes produced by therapeutic administration of antibodies in ultralow doses were revealed.

[On the "receptor" mechanism of the effect of biologically active substances in ultra low concentrations].

On the basis of antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol and phenosan potassium salt) and peptide (thyroliberin) effects on the lipid peroxide oxidation (LPO) and lipid structural parameters of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes in wide concentration range (10(-20)-10(-4) mol/l) in vitro the possibility concerning a proposed role of "super-affine" receptors in the mechanism of biologically active substances (BAS) action in ultra low doses (ULD) is discussed. Because these substances modulate investigated processes in the membranes which have not ordinarily receptors the conclusion about availability of non-receptor component in the mechanism of BAS effect in ULD and a low probability of "super-affine" receptor existence has been done.

[Crepidula beklemishevi gen. et sp. n. and Dimeiospora palustris gen. et sp. n. (Microspora: Amblyosporidae)--new microsporidian genera and species from blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the south of the western Siberia].

Microsporidia parasitizing the adipose body of mosquito larvae of Anopheles beklemishevi and Aedes punctor has been studied. Two new genera of microsporidia are described based on lightmicroscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of spores and sporogony stages. The spore wall of Crepidula beklemishevi gen.

Effect of antibodies to morphine on synaptic plasticity of the hippocampus.

Incubation of hippocampal slices with antibodies to morphine did not change the total excitatory postsynaptic potential of mossy fibers, but markedly facilitated long-term posttetanic potentiation. Culturing of the organotypic hippocampal culture in the presence of 10 microM morphine increased the total excitatory postsynaptic potential of mossy fibers and reduced the probability of long-term posttetanic potentiation.

[Refinement of the diagnosis of Issia globifera (Microsporidia: nosematidae) based on ultrastructural data].

An ultrastructure of a microsporidian belonging to the aberrant and poorly studied genus Issia is discribed in this paper. The first description of Issia globulifera (Issi, Pankova, 1983) was made on the basis of light microscopic analysis of midgut smears of the infected insects. Both late merogonic and sporogonic stages can be met on the sections from midguts of Anopheles messae.

[Culture of Plasmodium berghei with the short life span in mouse erythrocytes: evaluation of chloroquine resistance in three strains of the malaria parasite].

This comparative study was made to examine chroloquine inhibition of C14-hypoxanthine incorporation (preferably nucleic acid precursor for plasmodium) in the short-living red blood cell cultures in mice infected with P. berghei strains differently sensitive to the agent 24 hours after incubation. These included 1) chloroquine-sensitive H strain; 2) LNK-65 strain having a spontaneously 2-3-fold decreased sensitivity to the agent; 3) strain LNK-65 ChR selected for high resistance to chloroquine.

[New species of Microsporidia in the genus Amblyospora from blood-sucking mosquitoes in the family Culicidae].

Two microsporidians of the genus Amblyospora from mosquito larvae of Aedes and Culex were studied in Tomsk region (Siberia). Peculiarities of the sporogony and the meiospore ultrastructure were studied by light and electron microscopy. The meiospores of A.

[Distribution of natural parasites--fungi and microsporidia--in a population of malarial mosquito larva (Diptera: Culicidae) before and after infection by the entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis].

The distribution specificity of fungi and microsporidies in natural population of Anopheles messeae Fall. and A. beklemishevi Stegny et Kab.