The Topical Novel Formulations of Interferon α-2в Effectively Inhibit HSV-1 Keratitis in the Rabbit Eye Model and HSV-2 Genital Herpes in Mice.

Herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are widespread human pathogens that establish chronic latent infections leading to recurrent episodes. Current treatments are limited, necessitating the development of novel antiviral strategies. This study aimed to assess the antiviral efficacy of novel topical formulations containing interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) against HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Machine Learning Applied to Cholesterol-Lowering Pharmacotherapy: Proof-of-Concept in High-Risk Patients Treated in Primary Care.

Machine learning has potential to improve the management of lipid disorders. We explored the utility of machine learning in high-risk patients in primary care receiving cholesterol-lowering medications. Machine learning algorithms were created based on lipid management guidelines for England [National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) CG181] to reproduce the guidance with >95% accuracy.

Magnetic Fluctuations Entrain the Circadian Rhythm of Locomotor Activity in Zebrafish: Can Cryptochrome Be Involved?

In the 1960s, it was hypothesized that slow magnetic fluctuations could be a secondary zeitgeber for biological circadian rhythms. However, no comprehensive experimental research has been carried out to test the entrainment of free-running circadian rhythms by this zeitgeber. We studied the circadian patterns of the locomotor activity of zebrafish () under different combinations of light regimes and slow magnetic fluctuations, based on a record of natural geomagnetic variation.

Evolving Patterns of Hyperfluorescent Fundus Autofluorescence Accompany Retinal Atrophy in the Rat and Mimic Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Complex two-dimensional (2D) patterns of hyperfluorescent short-wave fundus autofluorescence (FAF) at the border of geographic atrophy (GA) can predict its expansion in patients with late non-exudative "dry" AMD. However, preclinical models do not phenocopy this important feature of disease. We sought to describe the spatiotemporal changes in hyperfluorescent FAF patterns that occur following acute oxidative stress, potentially in association with GA expansion.

Features of Psychomotor Coordination in Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Pathology Enrolled in a Standard Educational Program.

The imbalance between the speed and accuracy of cognitive-motor operations can lead to the formation of abnormal behavioral programs fraught with serious negative consequences for the individual. For successful correction and prevention of social disadaptation in adolescents with nervous and mental diseases and functional disorders in mental sphere in general education schools, the peculiarities of their psychomotor activity should be taken into account. We measured some parameters of visual-motor coordination and sensorimotor reaction in adolescents with mental disorders with (n = 36) or without (n = 27) organic brain damage.

Effects of Screen Time and Season on Cardiovascular System Indicators in Primary Schoolchildren.

Indicators of the cardiovascular system, including heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) variability parameters, were analyzed in primary school students with different computer screen times. The study included 4084 students of grades 1-4 (age 7-12 years) from 66 Moscow schools. The screen time at school and out of school was assessed by teachers, based on the national Sanitary Rules and Regulations: 0, no screen time; 1, screen time matching hygienic standards; 2, screen time at least twice greater than recommended.

Chronic bladder catheterization for precise urine collection in awake mice.

Metabolic chambers are routinely used for urine collection in rodents. In mice, due to small urination volume, evaporation in the metabolic chambers (≈50%) distorts diuresis and urinalysis parameters. We have developed a new technique of bladder catheterization enabling long-term accurate and contamination-free urine collection in awake male and female mice for 30 days or longer.

Circadian rhythms in zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviour and the sources of their variability.

Over recent decades, changes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviour have become popular quantitative indicators in biomedical studies. The circadian rhythms of behavioural processes in zebrafish are known to enable effective utilization of energy and resources, therefore attracting interest in zebrafish as a research model. This review covers a variety of circadian behaviours in this species, including diurnal rhythms of spawning, feeding, locomotor activity, shoaling, light/dark preference, and vertical position preference.

Cardiovascular system parameters in participants of Arctic expeditions.

Objectives: A method of continuous heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) recording was used for the evaluation of the cardiovascular system parameters in participants of short-term (<1 month) high-latitude expeditions, in comparison with the parameters of residents of Central Russia and the Arctic region.

Material And Methods: A dynamic examination of participants of Arctic expeditions (30 men, residents of middle-latitude regions, aged 46.7±1.

Where winter rules: Modeling wild boar distribution in its north-eastern range.

Wild boars are distributed almost all over the Earth. Though, Northern Asia remained not inhabited by the species until the end of the 20th century. In the last two decades slowly but surely the wild boar has expanded the northeastern edge of its range to the northern border of the taiga.

[INFLUENCE OF THE FEMALE SEX HORMONE 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL ON THE DEGREE OF HYPOXIC PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN MALE AND FEMALE WISTAR RATS.].

The influence of endogenous and exogenous 17-beta-estradiol on the degree of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in male and female Wistar rats has been studied. Endogenous estradiol reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in normal female rats, but not in male rats. Exogenous estradiol (15 pg/kg for 4 weeks) caused the same effect.

Spontaneously occurring fundus findings observed using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in wild type Sprague Dawley rats.

Purpose: Non-invasive in vivo imaging is an increasingly used component of pre-clinical research. However, to reliably interpret data, it may be necessary to identify and document pre-existent findings prior to initiating long-term or intensive protocols, particularly where toxicity or efficacy is under investigation. Here we report here spontaneously occurring findings from the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat eye using multi-modal confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO).

Intact endothelial autophagy is required to maintain vascular lipid homeostasis.

The physiological role of autophagic flux within the vascular endothelial layer remains poorly understood. Here, we show that in primary endothelial cells, oxidized and native LDL stimulates autophagosome formation. Moreover, by both confocal and electron microscopy, excess native or modified LDL appears to be engulfed within autophagic structures.

[Age-related changes of the latent period of simple sensorimotor reaction to the light stimuli in both men and women with different body mass index].

The study of the relationship of the latent period of simple sensorimotor reaction to the light stimulus and body mass index (BMI) in males and females aged 30-60 years (n = 507) was done. The boundary between the low (below Me - 1SD) and middle (from Me - 1SD to Me + 1SD) BMI was the value of 22.74 kg/m2, the boundary between the middle and high (above Me + 1SD) BMI - 33.

[Relationship between inertial features of the upper extremity and simple reaction time in boys and girls aged 17-18].

The latent period of visual sensor-motor reaction depends, in part, on the sensory and integrative processes in the brain, but is also influenced by the rate of the muscle contraction. There is no clear evidence in the literature whether the rotational inertia of segments of limbs has any direct effect on the reaction time. The aim of our study was to identify this relationship.

Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) non-invasively identifies chorioretinal toxicity in a rat model of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage.

Introduction: Traditional methods of pre-clinical ocular toxicology require that multiple cohorts of animals be sacrificed over time for terminal histological analysis. By contrast, in vivo techniques capable of following the same cohort prospectively have the potential to be efficient and cost-saving. We therefore asked if fundus autofluorescence (FAF), a non-invasive imaging technique, could detect damage to the posterior pole.

Delayed near-infrared analysis permits visualization of rodent retinal pigment epithelium layer in vivo.

Patches of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have not been described in rodent models of retinal degeneration, as they have the clinical setting using fundus autofluorescence. We hypothesize that prelabeling the RPE would increase contrast and allow for improved visualization of RPE loss in vivo. Here, we demonstrate a new technique termed “delayed near-infrared analysis (DNIRA)” that permits ready detection of rat RPE, using optical imaging in the near-infrared (IR) spectrum with aid of indocyanine green (ICG) dye.

[Functional tests for the assessment of the healthy people state using heart rate variabilIty].

An overview of current approaches to interpreting the results of spectral analysis of heart rate variability and blood pressure is demonstrated. The analysis of own obtained results were done using the method of assessment of heart rate variability and blood pressure in a variety of functional tests (mental load, moderate exercise, cold test, the restriction of pulmonary ventilation, controlled breathing at a frequency of 6 cycles per minute) in healthy adults. It was shown that all tests induced pronounced changes in the spectral indices of heart rate variability as well as the blood pressure, which were interpreted as changes in the state of autonomous regulation of subject's cardiovascular system.

Correlation between circulating corticosterone and protein carbonylation in the liver after short-term hypokinesia.

We studied the correlation of the concentration of circulating corticosterone and parameters of dexamethasone suppression test with the level of protein carbonylation in the liver after short-term hypokinesia. Increasing hypokinesia duration was followed by worsening of disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system via a negative feedback mechanism and enhanced protein carbonylation in the liver.

Effects of preliminary hypokinetic stress on sensitivity of the bone marrow to the hypoplastic effect of exogenous glucocorticoid.

We studied the cell composition and free radical oxidation in the bone marrow of white outbred rats after hypokinetic stress (24 and 72 h) and the effects of exogenous glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/kg; injected 24 h after hypokinesia); the measurements were performed in 96 h after drug administration. The hypoplastic effect of the glucocorticoid after 24-h hypokinesia was observed against the background of reduced free radical oxidation. In animals subjected to 3-day hypokinesia, the resistance of the bone marrow to the hypoplastic effect of this drug was accompanied by activation of free radical processes.

Lateralisation of rotational swimming but not fast escape response in the juvenile sterlet sturgeon, Acipenser ruthenus (Chondrostei: Acipenseridae).

For the first time, behavioural lateralisation was shown in a chondrostean fish (sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus). A significant directional bias was found in young A. ruthenus swimming along a circular swimway.

[The features of cardio-respiratory system and autonomic regulation in parasportsmen with spinal injury].

A comprehensive study of the functional state of basketball athletes in wheelchairs with spinal cord injuries in the T6-T10 and paraplegia (n = 9, mean age 26.6 +/- 1.7 years) was held.

[Functional characteristics of cardiovascular system in adolescents with prehypertension].

Based on the results of sanogenetic monitoring the health of schoolchildren found that among high school students to the proportion of adolescents with elevated blood pressure (hypertension + hypernormotension) increases from 15-20% in 8th class to 30-50% in 9-11th classes, while the proportion of adolescents with hypertension was 3.7% in all age groups. Comparison of blood pressure with parameters of neurovegetative regulation of the cardiovascular system revealed that the presence of high normal blood pressure in 13-14-year-olds and 17-18-year-olds correlated with an increase in the proportion of low frequencies in the spectrum of HRV and lower values of the sensitivity of arterial baroreflex.