leaf extract phytochemicals modified silver-ruthenium bimetallic zinc oxide nanocomposite biosynthesis: application on nanocoating photocatalytic disinfection.

Antibiotics are of great interest due to antibiotic-resistant problems around the globe due to bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics. In this study, a novel green biosynthesis of silver-ruthenium bimetallic zinc oxide nanocomposite using leaf extract as a reducing agent using zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, and ruthenium(iii) chloride as capping agents was reported. The results demonstrated that the surface morphology of the prepared bimetallic nanocomposite by scanning electron microscopy was hexagonal in shape for zinc nanoparticle, rectangular in shape for silver nanoparticle, and tetragonal in shape for ruthenium nanoparticle, having an average surface size 25, 35, and 55 nm, respectively.

Comparative study of zinc oxide nanocomposites with different noble metals synthesized by biological method for photocatalytic disinfection of Escherichia coli present in hospital wastewater.

Binary zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposites with different noble metals, silver (Ag) and ruthenium (Ru), were prepared from an aqueous leaf extract of Callistemon viminalis. The biosynthesized photocatalysts were characterized and examined for their photocatalytic disinfection against Escherichia coli isolated from hospital wastewater. The influence of the different noble metals showed a difference in physicochemical characteristics and photocatalytic efficiency between Ag-ZnO and Ru-ZnO.

Lifetime-Limited and Tunable Quantum Light Emission in h-BN via Electric Field Modulation.

Color-center-based single-photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have shown promising photophysical properties as sources for quantum light emission. Despite significant advances toward such a goal, achieving lifetime-limited quantum light emission in h-BN has proven to be challenging, primarily due to various broadening mechanisms, including spectral diffusion. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate suppression of spectral diffusion by applying an electrostatic field.

Nanoscale axial position and orientation measurement of hexagonal boron nitride quantum emitters using a tunable nanophotonic environment.

Color centers in hexagonal boron nitride (BN) have emerged as promising candidates for single-photon emitters (SPEs) due to their bright emission characteristics at room temperature. In contrast to mono- and few-layeredBN, color centers in multi-layered flakes show superior emission characteristics such as higher saturation counts and spectral stability. Here, we report a method for determining both the axial position and three-dimensional dipole orientation of SPEs in thickBN flakes by tuning the photonic local density of states using vanadium dioxide (VO), a phase change material.

Mid-infrared radiative emission from bright hot plasmons in graphene.

Carrier excitation and decay processes in graphene are of broad interest since relaxation pathways that are not present in conventional materials are enabled by a gapless Dirac electronic band structure. Here, we report that a previously unobserved decay pathway-hot plasmon emission-results in Fermi-level-dependent mid-infrared emission in graphene. Our observations of non-thermal contributions to Fermi-level-dependent radiation are an experimental demonstration of hot plasmon emission arising from a photo-inverted carrier distribution in graphene achieved via ultrafast optical excitation.

Cryopreservation of Bangladeshi ram semen using different diluents and manual freezing techniques.

A study was conducted to establish a sustainable and effective manual freezing technique for cryopreservation of Bangladeshi ram semen. Three diluents and freezing techniques were tested, both as treatment combinations (diluent × freezing technique) and fixed effects (diluent or freezing technique) on post-thaw sperm motility (SM), viability (SV), plasma membrane integrity (SPMI) and acrosome integrity (SAI). Ten rams were selected, based on semen evaluation.

Spontaneous Exciton Valley Coherence in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers Interfaced with an Anisotropic Metasurface.

The control of the exciton intervalley coherence renders transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers promising candidates for quantum information science. So far, generating intervalley coherence has the need for an external coherent field. Here, we theoretically demonstrate spontaneous generation (i.

Quantum coherence-driven self-organized criticality and nonequilibrium light localization.

Self-organized criticality emerges in dynamical complex systems driven out of equilibrium and characterizes a wide range of classical phenomena in physics, geology, and biology. We report on a quantum coherence-controlled self-organized critical transition observed in the light localization behavior of a coherence-driven nanophotonic configuration. Our system is composed of a gain-enhanced plasmonic heterostructure controlled by a coherent drive, in which photons close to the stopped-light regime interact in the presence of the active nonlinearities, eventually synchronizing their dynamics.

Nonreciprocal Localization of Photons.

We demonstrate that it is possible to localize photons nonreciprocally in a moving photonic lattice made by spatiotemporally modulating the atomic response, where the dispersion acquires a spectral Doppler shift with respect to the probe direction. A static defect placed in such a moving lattice produces a spatial localization of light in the band gap with a shifting frequency that depends on the direction of incident field with respect to the moving lattice. This phenomenon has an impact not only in photonics but also in broader areas such as condensed matter and acoustics, opening the doors for designing new devices such as compact isolators, circulators, nonreciprocal traps, sensors, unidirectional tunable filters, and possibly even a unidirectional laser.

Thromboembolism in active ulcerative colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a range of both intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. Thromboembolism involving the arterial and/or venous systems is rare. Early recognition and treatment of thrombosis in patients with IBD may prevent progression and minimise complications.

Totally Endovascular Management of Popliteal Artery Occlusion and Pseudoaneurysm Formation after Total Knee Replacement.

Injuries to the popliteal artery during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are rare. We present a case of a 72-year-old man with popliteal artery thrombosis and a pseudoaneurysm presenting immediately after TKA. First-line management of acute limb ischemia is currently transitioning from open surgery to endovascular strategies such as catheter-directed thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy.

Publisher's Note: Coherence-Driven Topological Transition in Quantum Metamaterials [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 165502 (2016)].

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.

Coherence-Driven Topological Transition in Quantum Metamaterials.

We introduce and theoretically demonstrate a quantum metamaterial made of dense ultracold neutral atoms loaded into an inherently defect-free artificial crystal of light, immune to well-known critical challenges inevitable in conventional solid-state platforms. We demonstrate an all-optical control, on ultrafast time scales, over the photonic topological transition of the isofrequency contour from an open to closed topology at the same frequency. This atomic lattice quantum metamaterial enables a dynamic manipulation of the decay rate branching ratio of a probe quantum emitter by more than an order of magnitude.

Microwave-controlled efficient Raman sub-harmonic generation.

We propose a novel scheme for efficient Raman sub-harmonic generation in a system of inhomogeneously broadened atomic vapor with atoms in a closed three-level Λ-configuration. The key feature underlying Raman sub-harmonics generation is microwave-induced hyperfine coherence between the two lower level metastable states. We show explicitly how the amplitude and phase of the microwave field generate controllable spectral amplitudes of Raman sub-harmonics.

Metasurface-Enabled Remote Quantum Interference.

An anisotropic quantum vacuum (AQV) opens novel pathways for controlling light-matter interaction in quantum optics, condensed matter physics, etc. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a strong AQV over macroscopic distances enabled by a judiciously designed array of subwavelength-scale nanoantennas-a metasurface. We harness the phase-control ability and the polarization-dependent response of the metasurface to achieve strong anisotropy in the decay rate of a quantum emitter located over distances of hundreds of wavelengths.

Quantum-coherence-enhanced surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

We investigate surface plasmon amplification in a silver nanoparticle coupled to an externally driven three-level gain medium and show that quantum coherence significantly enhances the generation of surface plasmons. Surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation is achieved in the absence of population inversion on the spasing transition, which reduces the pump requirements. The coherent drive allows us to control the dynamics and holds promise for quantum control of nanoplasmonic devices.

Oncological advantages of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery in treatment of early breast cancer.

The standard approach to breast-conserving surgery is wide local excision of the tumor and radiotherapy. However, a significant number of patients require further surgery to obtain oncologically clear margins, and may obtain a poor cosmetic result following adjuvant radiotherapy. Oncoplastic techniques may result in improved cosmesis, but few studies have investigated the oncological advantage of this approach.

Time-resolved surface-enhanced coherent sensing of nanoscale molecular complexes.

Nanoscale real-time molecular sensing requires large signal enhancement, small background, short detection time and high spectral resolution. We demonstrate a new vibrational spectroscopic technique which satisfies all of these conditions. This time-resolved surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (tr-SECARS) spectroscopy is used to detect hydrogen-bonded molecular complexes of pyridine with water in the near field of gold nanoparticles with large signal enhancement and a fraction of a second collection time.

Remote sub-diffraction imaging with femtosecond laser filaments.

Achieving super-resolution has become a scientific imperative for remote imaging of objects and scenes needing increased detail and has motivated the development of various laser-based techniques. We demonstrate a scheme which achieves subdiffraction imaging of remote objects by using femtosecond laser filaments. The use of laser filaments for imaging is destined to have applications in many environments.

A study of prevalence of depression in diabetes mellitus: analysis from urban India.

Background: The chronic debilitating conditions, i.e., diabetes and depression are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.

Single-dose, two-way crossover, bioequivalence study of Mycophenolate mofetil 500 mg tablet under fasting conditions in healthy male subjects.

Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant indicated for prophylaxis of acute organ transplant rejection. Generic MMF is less costly than the branded product, but European regulatory authorities require bioequivalence studies for the marketing of generics.

Objectives: The aims of the 2 studies reported were to assess the dissolution and bioavailability of a generic (test) and branded (reference) formulation of MMF 500 mg.

A study in entire chromosomes of violations of the intra-strand parity of complementary nucleotides (Chargaff's second parity rule).

Chargaff's rule of intra-strand parity (ISP) between complementary mono/oligonucleotides in chromosomes is well established in the scientific literature. Although a large numbers of papers have been published citing works and discussions on ISP in the genomic era, scientists are yet to find all the factors responsible for such a universal phenomenon in the chromosomes. In the present work, we have tried to address the issue from a new perspective, which is a parallel feature to ISP.

Gastrobronchial fistula--a recent series.

Gastrobronchial fistula is a very rare condition with only 27 reported cases. Previous gastro-oesophageal surgery, subphrenic abscess, and gastric ulcers are the most commonly reported causes. We are reporting two recent cases of gastrobronchial fistula that presented to us.