PACS plus criteria: a retrospective cohort review of 612 consecutive patients treated with bilateral YAG peripheral iridotomies.

Introduction: With an ageing population and better life expectancy, the prevalence of angle closure disease is expected to increase by 20% per decade. In 2022, the Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) issued a guideline on managing angle closure disease. Hospital eye service (HES) referral and prophylactic treatment are recommended only for primary angle closure suspect (PACS) with "Plus" features only.

Is there an association of socioeconomic deprivation with acute primary angle closure?

Background: Socioeconomic deprivation is known to increase the risk of late presentation of many diseases. This is the largest study in United Kingdom investigating the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and acute primary angle closure (APAC).

Methods: A retrospective review of case notes was conducted of 718 consecutive patients who underwent laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in Edinburgh (Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion) and Fife (Queen Margaret Hospital) between 2015 and 2019.

Minimising prescription errors-a quality improvement project in the ophthalmology department in a tertiary referral hospital.

Purpose: The aim of this quality improvement project was to look into the hospital prescriptions and to identify and record the type and number of errors, to implement measures to reduce the risk of these errors and then to reaudit to assess the impact of changes implemented.

Methods: The initial audit was conducted prospectively over a eleven-week period. Prescriptions written by doctors of all grades and members of the staff, such as optometrists and nurses, were analysed.

A Multicentre, Multinational, Open-Label, 52-Week Extension Study of Gemigliptin (LC15-0444) Monotherapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The purpose of this extension study was to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of gemigliptin 50 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM who had completed the initial 24-week study comparing gemigliptin monotherapy with placebo were eligible to enrol. In the open-label, 28-week extension study, all enrolled patients received gemigliptin, regardless of the treatment received during the initial 24-week study period.

Association of serum magnesium with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy.

Introduction And Objective: The rising burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally has led to huge morbidity and socioeconomic impact in developing countries. In India, too, it has become a silent epidemic and it is estimated that there are over 60 million diabetics. Although in recent years, a lot of research papers have come up on the management of diabetes, latest treatment modalities may not be affordable to all.

Prevalence of treatment with glaucoma medication in Scotland, 2010-2017.

Aims: To report the number and demographic distribution of patients receiving intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications across the whole population of Scotland for the years 2010-2017 and, using national census data, show how the observed changes compare with those predicted by the increasing age of the population structure over this period.

Methods: Data were sourced from the Prescribing Information System of the NHS Information and Statistics Division for Scotland. The number of patients dispensed any IOP-lowering medication from a community pharmacy during each calendar year was collected by gender and by 5-year age bands.

The impact of SIGN glaucoma guidelines on false-positive referrals from community optometrists in Central Scotland.

Background: Since the introduction of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence glaucoma guidelines 2009, the number of referrals from community optometrists to hospital eye services has increased across the UK, resulting in increase in first visit discharge rates (FVDRs).

Aim: To assess the impact of Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) 144 on quality of referrals from community optometrists.

Methodology: A retrospective study of patient records who attended as new adult glaucoma referrals to clinics in Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Edinburgh, and in Greater Glasgow and Clyde, was carried out across October-November 2014 (group 1) and September-October 2016 (group 2), before and after the introduction of SIGN 144.

Is Patient Knowledge of Glaucoma Improved by Using a Glaucoma Logbook?

Aims: Patient-held records are becoming more commonly used in health care, particularly in chronic diseases like glaucoma. There is a lack of evidence to support their use, however. This study examines the change in knowledge scores within a group following the introduction of a newly designed glaucoma logbook.

Comparison of Threshold Saccadic Vector Optokinetic Perimetry (SVOP) and Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP) in Glaucoma. Part II: Patterns of Visual Field Loss and Acceptability.

Purpose: We compared patterns of visual field loss detected by standard automated perimetry (SAP) to saccadic vector optokinetic perimetry (SVOP) and examined patient perceptions of each test.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done of 58 healthy subjects and 103 with glaucoma who were tested using SAP and two versions of SVOP (v1 and v2). Visual fields from both devices were categorized by masked graders as: 0, normal; 1, paracentral defect; 2, nasal step; 3, arcuate defect; 4, altitudinal; 5, biarcuate; and 6, end-stage field loss.

Comparison of Saccadic Vector Optokinetic Perimetry and Standard Automated Perimetry in Glaucoma. Part I: Threshold Values and Repeatability.

Purpose: We evaluated threshold saccadic vector optokinetic perimetry (SVOP) and compared results to standard automated perimetry (SAP).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was done including 162 subjects (103 with glaucoma and 59 healthy subjects) recruited at a university hospital. All subjects underwent SAP and threshold SVOP.

A study to evaluate the prevalence of hypogonadism in Indian males with Type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: A high prevalence of hypogonadism in men with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been reported worldwide.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of hypogonadism in Indian males with T2DM and assess the primary and secondary hypogonadism along with androgen deficiency.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 900 men with T2DM were evaluated using androgen deficiency in aging male questionnaire.

Posner-Schlossman syndrome.

Posner-Schlossman syndrome, or glaucomatocyclitic crisis, is a unilateral ocular condition characterized by recurrent attacks of nongranulomatous anterior uveitis and raised intraocular pressure that can result in chronic secondary glaucoma. This relatively rare disease is most likely the result of recurrent cytomegalovirus infection and affects predominantly middle-aged males. Diagnosis is largely clinical, with aqueous and blood sampling aiding the identification of any underlying infectious cause.

Glaucoma-service provision in Scotland: introduction and need for Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network guidelines.

Purpose: To describe the pattern of glaucoma-service delivery in Scotland and identify areas for improvement, taking into account Scottish General Ophthalmic Services (GOS) arrangements and the Eye Care Integration project, and to design Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidelines to refine the primary and secondary interface of glaucoma care.

Materials And Methods: A glaucoma-survey questionnaire was sent to all consultant glaucomatologists in Scotland. The design of SIGN guidelines was based on the results of the questionnaire using SIGN methodology.

The Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Severity of Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma at Presentation.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of socio-economic factors on size of periocular basal cell carcinoma at presentation.

Methods: All periocular basal cell carcinoma cases receiving treatment from the oculoplastics team in South Glasgow Hospitals NHS Trust, Glasgow, between 1999 and 2009, were identified retrospectively. Information collected included demographic details of patients, side and site of lesions, type of lesions, and size of lesions.

On Channel-Discontinuity-Constraint Routing in Wireless Networks.

Multi-channel wireless networks are increasingly deployed as infrastructure networks, e.g. in metro areas.

T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with colesional mucormycosis presenting as palatal perforation: a case report.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is predominantly a disease of lymph nodes, but extranodal involvement is not very uncommon. Palatal involvement by NHL is rare. Mucormycosis is a devastating fungal infection commonly seen in immunocompromised individuals, including those with NHL, but it is affecting the same region has been reported very rarely.

Retained soft contact lens masquerading as a chalazion: a case report.

A misplaced contact lens is a common ocular emergency presenting to the eye casualty. We report a case of lost soft contact lens which migrated in the lid and presented 13 years later with symptomatic eye lid swelling. Authors in the past have reported migration and subsequent retention of lost hard lenses in locations such as the superior fornix and eyelid.

Atypical conjunctival CD5 positive mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

A 61-year-old woman with intermittent ocular irritation redness and swelling of her eyes was followed up and investigated. The diagnosis was conjunctival CD5 positive mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, which is an atypical and rare type of pathology of the eye, in which the clinical course/behavior is not fully understood. Our experience showed that this disease is indolent and responds well to radiotherapy.

Alternating Horner's syndrome in multiple sclerosis.

Horner's syndrome is well documented in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, alternating Horner's syndrome in MS had not been described before. Here, we report a possible first case of alternating Horner's syndrome in MS.

Delayed diagnosis of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy in Scotland.

Introduction: Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) presents with progressive ptosis, dysphagia and limb girdle weakness, and is caused by expansion of a trinucleotide tandem repeat within the gene encoding poly-(A) binding protein 2.

Aim: To review the clinical manifestations of all genetically confirmed patients with OPMD in Scotland identified since 2002, and to estimate the delay between symptom onset and diagnosis. Method Retrospective case note review.

Angle-closure glaucoma due to suprachoroidal hemorrhage secondary to disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Secondary AACG can be associated with intumescent lens, choroidal melanoma, and aqueous misdirection. Here, we would like to report a unique case of acute angle-closure glaucoma secondary to suprachoroidal hemorrhage, resulting from disseminated intravascular coagulation, not previously reported.