Management Strategies for the Control of Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) in Soybean (Summer)-Maize (Fall/Winter) Successions.

The crop system of soybean (summer)-maize (fall/winter) succession has been adopted widely in the Neotropics. It inadvertently provides food to stink bugs between crops, forming "green-bridges," which favor Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) outbreaks. Attempts to control these outbreaks, usually occurring at the end of the soybean cycle and the beginning of the maize cycle, were made by spraying insecticides at the time of soybean desiccation in addition to insecticide seed treatment on maize, but apparently it has been insufficient to provide acceptable control.

Electropenetrography Study of Euschistus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Nymphs Feeding on Vegetative Soybean Structures.

The study aimed to understand the feeding behavior of Neotropical brown stink bug nymphs Euschistus heros (F.) on soybean plants during vegetative stage through electropenetrography (EPG) technique. Three distinct phases were identified: non-feeding, pathway, and ingestion.

Bt Soybean Cry1Ac Does Not Affect Development, Reproduction, or Feeding Behavior of Red-Banded Stink Bug Piezodorus guildinii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Bt soybean cultivation is increasing worldwide. The Cry1Ac protein expressed in Bt soybean efficiently controls several lepidopteran pests. The stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), a major pest for soybean in the Americas, is not controlled by Bt crops, although possible sub-lethal effects may occur.

Nymph development and adult feeding on, and damage to, immature siliquae of canola by different species of stink bugs.

Studies were conducted in the laboratory and in the greenhouse with the objective of evaluating nymph development, adult body weight gain, and damage of different species of pentatomids feeding on fruit (hereafter referred to as siliqua) of canola, Brassica napus (L.) var. oleifera.

Visual Telerehabilitation with Visually Impaired Children: From the Pandemic Emergency to a Stand-Alone Method.

In the last two years, orthoptists have counteracted patient drop-out through visual telerehabilitation. Efforts were made to transfer the in-person visual rehabilitation setting to the telematic environment in response to the worldwide crisis. Nowadays, statistical evidence on the effects of visual telerehabilitation is still scarce.

Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on the Biological Control of Aphids on Winter Cereals by Parasitoids in South America.

Aphids are worldwide pests, and in South America, they harm many crops including winter cereals. In the 1970s, the rapid expansion of the wheat crop area in the subtropical region of South America led to growth of aphid populations. The wide availability of food, associated with the low effectiveness of natural biological control, put the aphid populations out of balance, requiring intensive use of insecticides.

Dynamics in Pest Status of Phytophagous Stink Bugs in the Neotropics.

In this review article, we present and discuss the main factors influencing the change in pest status of phytophagous stink bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in the Neotropics. We have surveyed the published records over the past 50 years and divided this timeframe into decades. This was done to rank in time the relative abundance (percentage) of the following species, known pests of commodities, in the Neotropical Region: the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.

Evaluating resistance of the soybean block technology cultivars to the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.).

Laboratory studies were conducted with the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.), to evaluate nymphal and adult biology on immature pods of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabaceae), bearing the block technology (resistant to stink bug damage - cvs.

Intrinsic Interspecific Competition Between Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus teretis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae).

The competition between Telenomus podisi Ashmead and Trissolcus teretis (Johnson) parasitizing eggs of Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) and Euschistus heros (Fabricius) was studied in three different laboratory bioassays to gather knowledge in order to improve stink bug management and to strengthen the preservation of naturally occurring parasitoid species. The impact of parasitoid sequence and time intervals (4 to 192 h) between parasitoid species was evaluated. Competition of Te.

Feeding Behavior of Collaria scenica (Stål) (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Wheat Plants: an EPG Waveform Characterization.

In this study, we use for the first time the electropenetrography (EPG) technique to characterize and describe the feeding activities of Collaria scenica (Stål) adults and their respective waveforms on wheat, Triticum aestivum L. plants. It comprised of four waveforms, two related to non-feeding (Np and R) and two with feeding activities (CR and I).

Challenges for Adoption of Integrated Pest Management (IPM): the Soybean Example.

Soybean is considered one of today's most important crops. Planted on millions of hectares worldwide, the management of soybean pests usually requires large amounts of chemicals. However, a key component to meet the increasing demand for food due to the rapidly growing global population is protecting crops from pests while maintaining environmental quality through ecologically and economically sound integrated pest management (IPM) practices.

Biological characteristics of Trissolcus urichi (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on Euschistus heros (Fabricius) and Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs.

Species of the genus Trissolcus are effective as egg parasitoids of Euschistus heros and can potentially be used in a multispecies pest management approach. However, in order to successfully use those biocontrol agents in the field, previous detailed knowledge about their life history are necessary. Therefore, we evaluate some biological characteristics of Trissolcus urichi on Euschistus heros and Dichelops melacanthus eggs.

Electropenetrographic Comparison of Feeding Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Soybean and Spring Cereals.

We used electropenetrography to quantify and compare counts and durations of selected waveforms, produced by adult females of the stink bug Dichelops furcatus (F.). Insects fed on immature soybean pods and immature seed heads of four spring cereals: wheat, black oat, barley, and rye.

Performance and Preference of Chinavia erythrocnemis (Berg) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Reproductive Structures of Cultivated Plants.

Laboratory studies with the stink bug Chinavia erythrocnemis (Berg) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were conducted to evaluate the effect of reproductive structures of cultivated plants, on nymph and adult performance, and adult preference. Results indicated that nymphs were able to complete the development on all plants evaluated. Nymph developmental time was significantly shorter on immature soybean pod [Glycine max (L.

Overwintering of Piezodorus guildinii (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) Populations.

Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) is a soybean pest that causes significant economic losses in the Americas. The variability of overwintering (diapause) traits was evaluated in populations of the Southwest (SW) (33°55'-34°17'S, 57°13'-57°46'W) during 2-year period (2011-2013) and of the Northwest (NW) (32°01'-33°02'S, 57°50'-57°24'W) during 1-year period (2014-2015) Regions of Uruguay. Samples were taken from different plant species (cultivated legumes, wild shrubs, and trees) and from overwintering sites (leaf litter and bark).

Stink Bugs Nymph and Adult Biology and Adult Preference on Cultivated Crop Plants in the Southern Brazilian Neotropics.

Laboratory studies were conducted with Dichelops furcatus (F.), Euschistus heros (F.), and Nezara viridula (L.

Effect of the Ages of Parasitoid and Host Eggs on Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) Parasitism.

This study investigates the influence of parasitoid age and egg age of the hosts Euschistus heros (Fabricius) and Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) on parasitism of Telenomus podisi Ashmead. Six separate bioassays were conducted: parasitism on eggs of E. heros (bioassay 1) and D.

Tachinid Fly Parasitism and Phenology of the Neotropical Red-Shouldered Stink Bug, Thyanta perditor (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), on the Wild Host Plant, Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae).

Field and laboratory studies were conducted with the Neotropical red-shouldered stink bug Thyanta perditor (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) aiming to evaluate parasitism incidence on adults by tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), which were raised in the laboratory for identification. Egg deposition by flies on adult body surface was mapped.

Electropenetrography Monitoring of the Neotropical Brown-Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Soybean Pods: An Electrical Penetration Graph-Histology Analysis.

The Neotropical brown-stink bug Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is the most important pest damaging soybean in the Neotropics, the world largest production area. The alternating current-direct current (AC-DC) electropenetrography (EPG) technology was used to develop an EPG waveform library of adult females feeding on soybean (Glycine max (L.

Diversity of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) Associated with Canola: Looking for Potential Pests.

Canola (Brassicaceae: Brassica spp.) is an important feedstock for biodiesel production and a potential ingredient for use in the food industry. In different continents, various arthropod pests damage canola plants.

Development of Dichelops furcatus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Reared on Spring Cereals Versus Soybean.

The performance and preferences of the stink bug, Dichelops furcatus (F.), for spring cereals (wheat, rye, triticale, oat, and barley) were compared in the laboratory to their preferred host crop, soybean pods. Nymphs took significantly less time to reach adulthood on soybean pods compared to those fed seed heads of the five spring cereals tested.

Body position of the stink bug Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) during feeding from stems of maize seedlings.

The Neotropical green-belly stink bug, Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L. in the main production areas of Brazil. It usually feeds on the stems of young plants (seedlings) causing heavy damage by affecting the plant growth and mitigating seed yield.

Electropenetrography (EPG): a Breakthrough Tool Unveiling Stink Bug (Pentatomidae) Feeding on Plants.

In this article, we review and discuss the potential use of EPG (electropenetrography) as a powerful tool to unveil the feeding process of phytophagous stink bugs (pentatomids). These bugs are relatively big and vigorous, which presents a problem during wiring (i.e.

Biology of a Neotropical Harlequin Stink Bug, Runibia perspicua (F.).

Laboratory and field studies were conducted with nymphs and adults of the Neotropical stink bug Runibia perspicua (F.) to evaluate their biology on plants. Total nymph mortality was ca.