Mapping Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Annotated MRI Dataset Profiling Tumor and Carotid Characteristics.

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors remain one of the most common intracranial tumors. While radiomic research related to pituitary tumors is progressing, public data sets for external validation remain scarce. We introduce an open dataset comprising high-resolution T1 contrast-enhanced MR scans of 136 patients with pituitary tumors, annotated for tumor segmentation and accompanied by clinical, radiological and pathological metadata.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) as a cause of new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE): Case report and review of literature.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare cause of NORSE. We describe the case of a young girl who presented with NORSE associated with MOGAD along with a systematic review of all cases of NORSE associated with MOGAD till date. Seizures associated with MOGAD are usually associated with good outcome but can occasionally be catastrophic and non-responsive to conventional therapies.

The BAMBOO method for correcting batch effects in high throughput proximity extension assays for proteomic studies.

The proximity extension assay (PEA) enables large-scale proteomic investigations across numerous proteins and samples. However, discrepancies between measurements, known as batch-effects, potentially skew downstream statistical analyses and increase the risks of false discoveries. While implementing bridging controls (BCs) on each plate has been proposed to mitigate these effects, a clear method for utilizing this strategy remains elusive.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel thiourea derivatives as small molecule inhibitors for prostate specific membrane antigen.

Prostate cancer (PCa) has emerged to be the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Molecular imaging of PCa using targeted radiopharmaceuticals specifically to PCa cells promises accurate staging of primary disease, detection of localized and metastasized tumours, and helps predict the progression of the disease. Glutamate urea heterodimers have been popularly used as high-affinity small molecules in the binding pockets of popular and well-characterized PCa biomarker, prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA).

Open-Metal and Carboxamide-Tethered Redox-Active Undulated Framework for Mild-Condition Synthesis of Therapeutic Drugs and Tandem Catalysis with Size-Selectivity.

A mixed-ligand-based thermo-chemically robust and undulated metal-organic framework (MOF) is developed that embraces carboxamide moiety-grafted porous channels and activation-induced generation of open-metal site (OMS). The guest-free MOF acts as an outstanding heterogeneous catalyst in Hantzsch condensation for electronically assorted substrates with low catalyst loading and short duration under greener conditions than the reported materials. Besides Lewis acidic OMS, the carboxamide group activates the substrate via two-point hydrogen bonding, highlighting the effectiveness of custom-made functionalities in this multi-component reaction.

Quantitative proteomics of regenerating and non-regenerating spinal cords in Xenopus.

Spinal cord injury in humans is a life-changing condition with no effective treatment. However, many non-mammalian vertebrates can fully regenerate their spinal cord after injury. Frogs such as Xenopus can regenerate the spinal cord at larval stages, but lose this capacity at metamorphosis.

Development and Characterization of 3-Dimensional Cell Culture Models of Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy of the adrenal cortex that is associated with a poor prognosis. Developing effective treatment options for ACC is challenging owing to the current lack of representative preclinical models. This study addressed this limitation by developing and characterizing 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures incorporating the ACC cell lines, MUC-1, HAC15, and H295R in a type I collagen matrix.

Peripheral edema induced by isosorbide mononitrate in an elderly patient: A case study of dose-related risks and drug interactions.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly patients are frequently attributed to age-related altered pharmacokinetics and the complexities of polypharmacy to manage multiple chronic conditions, making elderly patients more susceptible to ADRs. The following is a case report of an 80-year-old female patient with systemic symptoms of chest pain, low blood sugar, mouth ulcers, and concentrates on peripheral edema due to nitrate vasodilator isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN). She had hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Marcks and Marcks-like 1 proteins promote spinal cord development and regeneration in .

Marcks and Marcksl1 are abundant proteins that shuttle between the cytoplasm and membrane to modulate multiple cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics, proliferation, and secretion. Here, we performed loss- and gain-of-function experiments in to reveal the novel roles of these proteins in spinal cord development and regeneration. We show that Marcks and Marcksl1 have partly redundant functions and are required for normal neurite formation and proliferation of neuro-glial progenitors during embryonic spinal cord development and for its regeneration during tadpole stages.

Subtyping strokes using blood-based protein biomarkers: A high-throughput proteomics and machine learning approach.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of stroke and its subtypes is critical in early stages. We aimed to discover and validate blood-based protein biomarkers to differentiate ischemic stroke (IS) from intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using high-throughput proteomics.

Methods: We collected serum samples within 24 h from acute stroke (IS & ICH) and mimics patients.

Biofabrication and biomanufacturing in Ireland and the UK.

As we navigate the transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Industrial Revolution, the emerging fields of biomanufacturing and biofabrication are transforming life sciences and healthcare. These sectors are benefiting from a synergy of synthetic and engineering biology, sustainable manufacturing, and integrated design principles. Advanced techniques such as 3D bioprinting, tissue engineering, directed assembly, and self-assembly are instrumental in creating biomimetic scaffolds, tissues, organoids, medical devices, and biohybrid systems.

Regulatory T cells in bovine fertility: Current understanding and future prospects.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have emerged as crucial players in maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance and promoting successful pregnancy outcomes. This review examines the importance of these cells in pregnancy, drawing on human and animal-based studies, with a focus on their role in bovine fertility. Tregs employ various mechanisms to mediate maternal-fetal tolerance, including regulation of effector T-cell responses, interactions with innate immune cells in the uterine microenvironment, and modulation of trophoblast function.

The impact of anti-inflammatory therapy on Parkinson's disease incidence: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Previous research suggests shared pathophysiology between Parkinson's Disease (PD) and autoimmune disorders, with inflammation reduction as a potential PD intervention. The impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and anti-interleukin (IL)-17 drugs on PD development has yielded conflicting results.

Objectives: The study investigated the association between PD incidence and immunosuppressive anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis).

Slit-ventricle syndrome masking shunt disconnection in adulthood.

A male in his 20s was referred to the neurosurgical service with headaches, vomiting and personality changes. He had a previous history of bilateral ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts and bitemporal decompressive surgery for neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage. There were appearances of slit-ventricles on his CT head scan typically associated with adequate cerebrospinal fluid drainage and normal intracranial pressure (ICP), which ordinarily will have limited further investigation.

CACHE Challenge #1: Targeting the WDR Domain of LRRK2, A Parkinson's Disease Associated Protein.

The CACHE challenges are a series of prospective benchmarking exercises to evaluate progress in the field of computational hit-finding. Here we report the results of the inaugural CACHE challenge in which 23 computational teams each selected up to 100 commercially available compounds that they predicted would bind to the WDR domain of the Parkinson's disease target LRRK2, a domain with no known ligand and only an apo structure in the PDB. The lack of known binding data and presumably low druggability of the target is a challenge to computational hit finding methods.

Emerging Technological Advancement for Chronic Wound Treatment and Their Role in Accelerating Wound Healing.

Chronic wounds are a major healthcare burden and may severely affect the social, mental, and economic status of the patients. Any impairment in wound healing stages due to underlying factors leads to a prolonged healing time and subsequently to chronic wounds. Traditional approaches for the treatment of chronic wounds include dressing free local therapy, dressing therapy, and tissue engineering based scaffold therapies.

Parameter optimization for stable clustering using FlowSOM: a case study from CyTOF.

High-dimensional cell phenotyping is a powerful tool to study molecular and cellular changes in health and diseases. CyTOF enables high-dimensional cell phenotyping using tens of surface and intra-cellular markers. To utilize the full potential of CyTOF, we need advanced clustering and machine learning methodologies to enable automated gating of the complex data.

A Tympanic Piezo-Bioreactor Modulates Ion Channel-Associated Mechanosignaling to Stabilize Phenotype and Promote Tenogenesis in Human Tendon-Derived Cells.

Preserving the function of human tendon-derived cells (hTDCs) during cell expansion is a significant challenge in regenerative medicine. In this study, a non-genetic approach is introduced to control the differentiation of hTDCs using a newly developed tympanic bioreactor. The system mimics the functionality of the human tympanic membrane, employing a piezoelectrically tuned acoustic diaphragm made of polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene and boron nitride nanotubes.

Quantification of blood and CSF volume to predict outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

This study aimed to describe the relationship between blood and CSF volumes in different compartments on baseline CT after aSAH, assess if they independently predict long-term outcome, and explore their interaction with age. CT scans from patients participating in a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial of patients with aSAH were segmented for blood and CSF volumes. The primary outcomes were the mRS, and the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Outcome Tool (SAHOT) at day 28 and 180.

A spectrum of cognitive-behavioral-movement disorders in adrenoleukodystrophy: A case series from a tertiary care centre in the eastern part of India.

Background: Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an intriguing disease with a heterogeneous clinico-radiological profile. Behavioral and cognitive impairments are often the initial and predominant manifestations, yet their patterns are frequently overlooked. This study aims to elaborate on the patterns of cognitive dysfunction, behavioral changes, and movement disorders in ALD to facilitate its earlier diagnosis.

The utility of MRI radiological biomarkers in determining intracranial pressure.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is a physiological parameter that conventionally requires invasive monitoring for accurate measurement. Utilising multivariate predictive models, we sought to evaluate the utility of non-invasive, widely accessible MRI biomarkers in predicting ICP and their reversibility following cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. The retrospective study included 325 adult patients with suspected CSF dynamic disorders who underwent brain MRI scans within three months of elective 24-h ICP monitoring.