Oral toxicity assessment and the mitigation of lung carcinogenesis by phytol and α-bisabolol combination treatment in swiss albino mice: insights into redox enzyme modulation and caspase-dependent cell death mechanisms.

This study examined the safety and potential anti-lung cancer effects of combinations of phytol and α-bisabolol in Swiss albino mice. Both acute and subacute toxicity assessments showed that the combination of phytol and α-bisabolol is safe, with no adverse effects observed at higher concentrations. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological tests showed no signs of toxicity in the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys.

Study the anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin-loaded redox-responsive chitosan-derived nanoparticles in the MDA-MB-231 cell line.

This study focuses on the design and evaluation of redox-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) by synthesizing disulfide-containing N-phthaloyl chitosan-SS-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (NPC-SS-mPEG) and incorporating the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin into the NPs. The structural features of NPC-SS-mPEG were investigated using FTIR, NMR, XRD, and TGA/DTA analysis. DLS and TEM analysis confirmed the particle size and morphology of the NPs.

α-bisabolol β-d-fucopyranoside (ABFP) ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory deficits through cholinesterase inhibition and attenuation of oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major devastating neurodegenerative disorders associated with the gradual decline of an individual's memory, cognition, and ability to carry out day-to-day activities. In the present study, the neuroprotective ability of α-bisabolol β-d-fucopyranoside (ABFP) was assessed via measurement of antioxidant parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidation, glutathione, protein carbonyl content assays, and caspase-3 activity estimation. Moreover, the acute toxicity of ABFP was estimated in the zebrafish larval model.

Mitigation of oxidative stress with dihydroactinidiolide, a natural product against scopolamine-induced amnesia in Swiss albino mice.

The present work describes the neuroprotective efficacy of DHAc under escalated oxidative stress condition in scopolamine-induced amnesic mice. During the toxicity test of DHAc in mice, the acute dose (LD) is found to be 3.468 mg/kg bw and the sub-acute dose is 0.

Therapeutic potential of polyphenols in cardiovascular diseases: Regulation of mTOR signaling pathway.

Cardiovascular diseases comprise of non-communicable disorders that involve the heart and/or blood vessels and have become the leading cause of death worldwide with increased prevalence by age. mTOR is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which plays a central role in many physiological processes including cardiovascular diseases, and also integrates various proliferative signals, nutrient and energy abundance and stressful situations. mTOR also acts as central regulator during chronic stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulated autophagy which are associated with senescence.

Daucosterol disturbs redox homeostasis and elicits oxidative-stress mediated apoptosis in A549 cells via targeting thioredoxin reductase by a p53 dependent mechanism.

Daucosterol (DS) is a plant phytosterol which is shown to induce oxidative stress mediated apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its cellular action has not been documented against Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, we attempted to decipher the mechanisms responsible for DS-induced anti-proliferation on human NSCLC cells.

α-bisabolol β-D-fucopyranoside as a potential modulator of β-amyloid peptide induced neurotoxicity: An in vitro &in silico study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder affecting the elderly people. For the AD treatment, there is inefficiency in the existing medication, as these drugs reduce only the symptoms of the disease. Since multiple pathological proteins are involved in the development of AD, searching for a single molecule targeting multiple AD proteins will be a new strategy for the management of AD.

Novel therapeutic strategies for stroke: The role of autophagy.

Autophagy is an important biological mechanism involved in the regulation of numerous fundamental cellular processes that are mainly associated with cellular growth and differentiation. Autophagic pathways are vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis by enhancing the turnover of nonfunctional proteins and organelles. Neuronal cells, like other eukaryotic cells, are dependent on autophagy for neuroprotection in response to stress, but can also induce cell death in cerebral ischemia.

Phytol ameliorated benzo(a)pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice via inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

In the present study, the modulatory effect of phytol against benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] induced lung carcinogenesis was investigated in Swiss albino mice. During the experimental period, phytol treatment showed no adverse toxic effect and mortality to the experimental animals. Lung tumor was observed in B(a)P treated group and also in animals post-treated with low concentration (50 mg/kg) of phytol.

β-Sitosterol targets Trx/Trx1 reductase to induce apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation.

β-Sitosterol (BS), a major bioactive constituent present in plants and vegetables has shown potent anticancer effect against many human cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism remain elusive on NSCLC cancers. We found that BS significantly inhibited the growth of A549 cells without harming normal human lung and PBMC cells. Further, BS treatment triggered apoptosis via ROS mediated mitochondrial dysregulation as evidenced by caspase-3 & 9 activation, Annexin-V/PI positive cells, PARP inactivation, loss of MMP, Bcl-2-Bax ratio alteration and cytochrome c release.

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Piper betle aqueous extract and evaluation of its anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm potential against uropathogens with cytotoxic effects: an in vitro and in vivo approach.

Urinary tract infections are the utmost common bacterial infections caused by Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Serratia marcescens. These uropathogens resist the action of several antibiotics due to their ability to form biofilms. Most of these bacterial pathogens use the quorum sensing (QS) machinery to co-ordinate their cells and regulate several virulence factors and biofilm formation.

Anti-amyloidogenic and anti-apoptotic effect of α-bisabolol against Aβ induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a life-threatening neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia, with a progressive decline in memory and other thinking skills of elderly populace. Of the multiple etiological factors of AD, the accumulation of senile plaques (SPs) particularly as Aβ oligomers correlates with the relentlessness cognitive impairment in AD patients and play a vital role in AD pathology. Since natural essential oil constituents have successfully served as a source of drugs for AD treatment, the present study aims at the in vitro and in silico investigation of anti-amyloidogenic potential and anti-apoptotic property of the α-bisabolol against Aβ induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.

Phytol-loaded PLGA nanoparticle as a modulator of Alzheimer's toxic Aβ peptide aggregation and fibrillation associated with impaired neuronal cell function.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an unfavourable neurological condition of the brain leading to the loss of behavioural and cognitive skills of the aging population. At present, drugs representing cholinesterase inhibitors provide lateral side effects to AD patients. Hence, there is a need for improved fabrication of drugs without side effects, for which nanoencapsulated bioactive compounds that can cross the blood-brain barrier offer new hope as novel alternative treatment strategy for AD.

Targeting miRNAs by polyphenols: Novel therapeutic strategy for cancer.

In the recent years, polyphenols have gained significant attention in scientific community owing to their potential anticancer effects against a wide range of human malignancies. Epidemiological, clinical and preclinical studies have supported that daily intake of polyphenol-rich dietary fruits have a strong co-relationship in the prevention of different types of cancer. In addition to direct antioxidant mechanisms, they also regulate several therapeutically important oncogenic signaling and transcription factors.

Cholinesterase inhibitory, anti-amyloidogenic and neuroprotective effect of the medicinal plant Grewia tiliaefolia - An in vitro and in silico study.

Context: Grewia tiliaefolia Vahl. (Tiliaceae) is a sub-tropical plant used as an indigenous medicine in India. However, its efficacy has not been evaluated against Alzheimer's disease.

In vitro antiaggregation and deaggregation potential of Rhizophora mucronata and its bioactive compound (+)- catechin against Alzheimer's beta amyloid peptide (25-35).

Objective: Amyloid hypothesis states that endogenous β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), especially its aggregated oligomers and fibrils are the key pathogenic factors leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, inhibition of Aβ fibrillation rather than blocking its production is considered promising therapeutic intervention. Hence, the present study was carried out to assess the effect of methanolic leaf extract of R.

Molecular targets of curcumin for cancer therapy: an updated review.

In recent years, natural edible products have been found to be important therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration. Curcumin is a well-known diarylheptanoid constituent of turmeric which possesses anticancer effects under both pre-clinical and clinical conditions. Moreover, it is well known that the anticancer effects of curcumin are primarily due to the activation of apoptotic pathways in the cancer cells as well as inhibition of tumor microenvironments like inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis.

Targeting mTOR signaling by polyphenols: A new therapeutic target for ageing.

Current ageing research is aimed not only at the promotion of longevity, but also at improving ‎health span‎ through the‎ discovery and development‎ of new therapeutic strategies‎‏‎ by investigating ‎molecular and ‎cellular ‎pathways involved in cellular senescence.‎ Understanding the mechanism of action ‎of ‎polyphenolic compounds targeting mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) and related pathways opens up new directions ‎‎to revolutionize ways to slow down the ‎onset and development of age-dependent degeneration. Herein, we will ‎discuss the mechanisms by which polyphenols can delay the‎ molecular ‎pathogenesis of ageing via manipulation or more specifically inhibition of mTOR-signaling pathways.

Neuroprotective effect of the marine macroalga Gelidiella acerosa: identification of active compounds through bioactivity-guided fractionation.

Context Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) Feldmann & G. Hamel (Rhodophyta-Gelidiales) is a marine red macroalga. Our previous work found that a benzene extract of G.

Understanding genistein in cancer: The "good" and the "bad" effects: A review.

Nowadays, diet and specific dietary supplements are seen as potential adjuvants to prevent different chronic diseases, including cancer, or to ameliorate pharmacological therapies. Soybean is one of the most important food components in Asian diet. A plethora of evidence supports the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of genistein, a soybean isoflavone.

Antiaggregation Potential of Padina gymnospora against the Toxic Alzheimer's Beta-Amyloid Peptide 25-35 and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Property of Its Bioactive Compounds.

Inhibition of β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation in the cerebral cortex of the brain is a promising therapeutic and defensive strategy in identification of disease modifying agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since natural products are considered as the current alternative trend for the discovery of AD drugs, the present study aims at the evaluation of anti-amyloidogenic potential of the marine seaweed Padina gymnospora. Prevention of aggregation and disaggregation of the mature fibril formation of Aβ 25-35 by acetone extracts of P.

Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo safety profile of the Indian traditional medicinal plant Grewia tiliaefolia.

Grewia tiliaefolia Vahl., is a subtropical tree used in Ayurvedic formulations and also by tribal communities in India for treatment of wounds, urinary infection and skin diseases. Despite of its medicinal use, the plant has not been previously tested for its safety.

Olive oil and its phenolic compounds (hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol) ameliorated TCDD-induced heptotoxicity in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Context: Naturally occurring polyphenols including olive oil (OO) and its constituents hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (TY), consumed in the Mediterranean diet, have shown to treat various ailments due to their remarkable antioxidant properties.

Objective: The present study investigates the hepatoprotective effects of OO and its phenolic compounds HT and TY against TCDD-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats.

Materials And Methods: TCDD was administered at a dose of 100 ng/kg p.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties, proximate and nutritional composition of Gracilaria edulis collected from Palk Bay.

Gracilaria edulis, a red alga present in southeast coast of India was evaluated for its nutritional composition. FT-IR analysis of soluble polysaccharides revealed the presence of galactans, 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactopyranose, sulphated galactose and the gelling agent agar, with the sulphate content estimated as 51.01 μg/mg of polysaccharide.