A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the pioneer plant Stylosanthes angustifolia: insights into genome evolution and drought adaptation.

Background: Drought is a major limiting factor for plant survival and crop productivity. Stylosanthes angustifolia, a pioneer plant, exhibits remarkable drought tolerance, yet the molecular mechanisms driving its drought resistance remain largely unexplored.

Results: We present a chromosome-scale reference genome of S.

Combined Analysis of the Leaf Metabolome, Lipidome, and Candidate Gene Function: Insights into Genotypic Variation in Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency in .

Stylo () exhibits excellent tolerance to low-phosphate (Pi) availability, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for improving the phosphorus (P) utilization efficiency (PUE) remain unclear. This study employed metabolomics, lipidomics, and gene expression analyses to investigate the differential responses to low-Pi stress between the high-PUE genotype CF047827 and the cultivar Reyan No. 2.

Chromosome-scale reference genome of an ancient landrace: unveiling the genetic basis of seed weight in the food legume crop pigeonpea ().

Pigeonpea () is a nutrient-rich and versatile food legume crop of tropical and subtropical regions. In this study, we describe the assembly of a high-quality genome for the ancient pigeonpea landrace 'D30', achieved through a combination of Pacific Biosciences high-fidelity (PacBio HiFi) and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing technologies. The assembled 'D30' genome has a size of 813.

Comparative analysis of lipid and flavonoid biosynthesis between Pongamia and soybean seeds: genomic, transcriptional, and metabolic perspectives.

Background: Soybean (Glycine max) is a vital oil-producing crop. Augmenting oleic acid (OA) levels in soybean oil enhances its oxidative stability and health benefits, representing a key objective in soybean breeding. Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata), known for its abundant oil, OA, and flavonoid in the seeds, holds promise as a biofuel and medicinal plant.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the roles of purple acid phosphatases in organic phosphorus utilization by the tropical legume Stylosanthes guianensis.

Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical legume known for its exceptional tolerance to low phosphate (Pi), a trait believed to be linked to its high acid phosphatase (APase) activity. Previous studies have observed genotypic variations in APase activity in stylo; however, the gene encoding the crucial APase responsible for this variation remains unidentified. In this study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were employed to identify eight Pi starvation-inducible (PSI) APases belonging to the purple APase (PAP) family in the roots of stylo and seven in the leaves.

Facile production of cellulose nanofibers from raw elephant grass by an aluminum chloride-enhanced acidic deep eutectic solvent.

To develop a greener and more efficient method for producing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from raw plants, an AlCl-enhanced ternary deep eutectic solvent, DES2 (consisting of choline chloride, citric acid, and AlCl·6HO in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:0.08), was synthesized.

Multi-omics-based identification of purple acid phosphatases and metabolites involved in phosphorus recycling in stylo root exudates.

Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical forage and cover crop that possesses low phosphate (Pi) tolerance traits. However, the mechanisms underlying its tolerance to low-Pi stress, particularly the role of root exudates, remain unclear. This study employed an integrated approach using physiological, biochemical, multi-omics, and gene function analyses to investigate the role of stylo root exudates in response to low-Pi stress.

Integrated multi-omics reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying efficient phosphorus use under phosphate deficiency in elephant grass ().

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient element for plant growth, and deficiency of inorganic phosphate (Pi) limits plant growth and yield. Elephant grass () is an important fodder crop cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. However, the mechanisms underlying efficient P use in elephant grass under Pi deficiency remain poorly understood.

Characterization of phosphate transporter genes and the function of SgPT1 involved in phosphate uptake in Stylosanthes guianensis.

Phosphorus (P) is one of the principal macronutrients for plant growth and productivity. Although the phosphate (Pi) transporter (PT) of the PHT1 family has been functionally characterized as participating in Pi uptake and transport in plants, information about PT genes in stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), an important tropical forage legume that exhibits good adaptability to low-P acid soils, is limited. In this study, stylo root growth was found to be stimulated under P deficiency.

Histological characteristics, cell wall hydrolytic enzyme activity, and transcriptome analysis with seed shattering of accessions.

spp. (stylo) are annual or perennial legume forages that are widely grown as forage and cover crops in tropical and subtropical regions. However, the seed yield of stylo is very low due to serious seed shattering.

Integrated multi-omics analysis provides insights into genome evolution and phosphorus deficiency adaptation in pigeonpea ().

Pigeonpea () is an important legume food crop and plays a crucial role in a secure food supply in many developing countries. Several previous studies have suggested that pigeonpea has great potential for phosphorus (P) deficiency tolerance, but little is known about the underlying mechanism. In this study, the physiological and molecular responses of pigeonpea roots to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated through integrating phenotypic, genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic analyses.

Production of cellulose nanofibrils and films from elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a solid acid catalyst.

A new strategy was developed to produce cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and films from raw elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a recyclable spent coffee-derived solid acid (SC-SOH) catalyst with assistance of ultrasonic disintegration and a suction filtration film forming method. The effects of a solid acid and reused solid acid were comprehensively studied by comparing with catalyst-free conditions and using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The CNF fibers obtained from this novel SC-SOH catalyst method showed the longest fiber length.

Encapsulation of a Protein Isolate Pickering Emulsion of β-Carotene: Stability, Bioaccesibility and Cytotoxicity.

Owing to their excellent characteristics, Pickering emulsions have been widely used in the development and the application of new carriers for embedding and for delivering active compounds. In this study, β-carotene was successfully encapsulated in a Pickering emulsion stabilized using protein isolate (DIPI). The results showed that the encapsulation efficiencies of β-carotene in the control group Tween 20 emulsion (TE) and the DIPI Pickering emulsion (DIPIPE) were 46.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into speciation of allotetraploid and massive biomass accumulation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.).

Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) is an important forage, biofuels and industrial plant widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas globally. It is characterized with robust growth and high biomass. We sequenced its allopolyploid genome and assembled 2.

Differential expressions and enzymatic properties of malate dehydrogenases in response to nutrient and metal stresses in Stylosanthes guianensis.

Malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the induction of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in the interaction of Stylosanthes-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Colletotrichum, a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen with a broad host range, causes a yield-limiting disease called anthracnose. Stylo (Stylosanthes) is a dominant pasture legume in tropics and subtropics, and anthracnose is one of its most destructive disease. Resistance mechanisms against anthracnose in stylo are poorly understood, thus hindering the development of resistant varieties.

Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the roles of secondary metabolism in the adaptive responses of Stylosanthes to manganese toxicity.

Background: As a heavy metal, manganese (Mn) can be toxic to plants. Stylo (Stylosanthes) is an important tropical legume that exhibits tolerance to high levels of Mn. However, little is known about the adaptive responses of stylo to Mn toxicity.

Genome-wide analysis of tandem duplicated genes and their contribution to stress resistance in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).

Pigeonpea is the main protein source for more than one billion people, and it shows a strong adaptation to biotic stress and abiotic stress. Gene duplication is a fundamental process in genome evolution. Although the draft sequence of the pigeonpea genome has been available since 2011, further analysis of tandem duplicated genes (TDGs) and their contribution to the evolution of pigeonpea has not been reported.

Metabolic alterations provide insights into Stylosanthes roots responding to phosphorus deficiency.

Background: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, especially in acid soils. Stylosanthes (stylo) is a pioneer tropical legume with excellent adaptability to low P stress, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Results: In this study, the physiological, molecular and metabolic changes in stylo responding to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated.

Advances in the Mechanisms of Plant Tolerance to Manganese Toxicity.

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for plant growth due to its participation in a series of physiological and metabolic processes. Mn is also considered a heavy metal that causes phytotoxicity when present in excess, disrupting photosynthesis and enzyme activity in plants. Thus, Mn toxicity is a major constraint limiting plant growth and production, especially in acid soils.

Physiological responses and proteomic changes reveal insights into Stylosanthes response to manganese toxicity.

Background: Manganese (Mn), an essential element for plants, can be toxic when present in excess. Stylo (Stylosanthes) is a pioneer tropical legume with great potential for Mn tolerance, but its Mn tolerance mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Results: In this study, variations in Mn tolerance were observed among nine stylo genotypes.

A root-associated purple acid phosphatase, SgPAP23, mediates extracellular phytate-P utilization in Stylosanthes guianensis.

As a major component of soil organic phosphorus (P), phytate-P is unavailable to plants unless hydrolysed by phytase to release inorganic phosphate. However, knowledge on natural variation in root-associated phytase activity and its underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remains fragmentary. In this study, variations in root internal and associated phytase activity were observed among 39 genotypes of Stylosanthes guianensis (Stylo), which is well adapted to acid soils.

Association of extracellular dNTP utilization with a GmPAP1-like protein identified in cell wall proteomic analysis of soybean roots.

Plant root cell walls are dynamic systems that serve as the first plant compartment responsive to soil conditions, such as phosphorus (P) deficiency. To date, evidence for the regulation of root cell wall proteins (CWPs) by P deficiency remains sparse. In order to gain a better understanding of the roles played by CWPs in the roots of soybean (Glycine max) in adaptation to P deficiency, we conducted an iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation) proteomic analysis.