Effects of Religious Fasting on Markers of Oxidative Status in Vitamin D-Deficient and Overweight Orthodox Nuns versus Implementation of Time-Restricted Eating in Lay Women from Central and Northern Greece.

: The Mediterranean diet has been widely suggested to exert significant beneficial effects on endothelial oxidative status and cardiometabolic health. Greek Orthodox monasteries, due to their specific nutritional and sartorial habits, comprise a population thatstrictly adheres to nutritional patterns with restricted eating and a plant-based subset of the Mediterranean diet, often accompanied by profound hypovitaminosis D. Time-restricted eating (TRE) is also adopted bya large part of the general lay Greek population for health-promoting reasons, without restrictions on animal product consumption, as imposed by Orthodox religious fasting.

Public interest trends for COVID-19 and pandemic trajectory: A time-series analysis of US state-level data.

Google Trends provides spatiotemporal data for user-specific terms scaled from less than 1 (lowest relative popularity) to 100 (highest relative popularity) as a proxy for the public interest. Here we use US state-level data for COVID-19 to examine popularity trends during the pandemic evolution. We used "coronavirus" and "covid" search terms and set the period up from January 1st, 2020, to November 12, 2022.

Early Fluvoxamine Reduces the Risk for Clinical Deterioration in Symptomatic Outpatients with COVID-19: A Real-World, Retrospective, before-after Analysis.

Fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties, has gained attention as a repurposed drug to treat COVID-19. We aimed to explore the potential benefit of fluvoxamine on outpatients with early SARS-CoV-2 infection. We performed a retrospective study of fluvoxamine adult outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19 disease of early onset (<5 days), in the context of an infectious diseases private practice, between September-December 2021, in Greece.

Public interest trends for Covid-19 and alignment with the disease trajectory: A time-series analysis of national-level data.

Data from web search engines have become a valuable adjunct in epidemiology and public health, specifically during epidemics. We aimed to explore the concordance of web search popularity for Covid-19 across 6 Western nations (United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy, Spain and Germany) and how timeline changes align with the pandemic waves, Covid-19 mortality, and incident case trajectories. We used the Google Trends tool for web-search popularity, and "Our World in Data" on Covid-19 reported cases, deaths, and administrative responses (measured by stringency index) to analyze country-level data.

Economic Analysis of Infectious Disease Consultation for Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Among Hospitalized Patients.

Importance: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is associated with a significant burden of mortality, morbidity, and health care costs. Infectious disease consultation may be associated with reduced mortality and bacteremia recurrence rates.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of infectious disease consultation for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Comparative Analysis of Mortality From Coronavirus Disease 2019 Across the European Union Countries and the Effects of Vaccine Coverage.

Background: Mortality is a critical measure of disease impact. The European Union (EU) countries share the same regulatory framework but different implementation policies.

Methods: We extracted cumulative COVID-19 mortality data across the EU countries.

The Cost-effectiveness of Cefazolin Compared With Antistaphylococcal Penicillins for the Treatment of Methicillin-Sensitive Bacteremia.

Background: Methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) bacteremia is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs. Cefazolin and antistaphylococcal penicillins (ASPs), such as nafcillin, are the preferred treatments for MSSA bacteremia. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of each approach.

How Should Economic Analyses Inform Nosocomial Infection Control?

Nosocomial infections are public health threats with often grave human costs. Because implementing screening and best outbreak response practices is costly for health care organizations, allocating resources for interventions requires consensus among stakeholders with a plurality of perspectives about how to weigh prospective interventions' risks and benefits. Economic analysis can facilitate decision making but is relatively new in nosocomial infection prevention and control.

Spatial association patterns between post-acute care services and acute care facilities in the United States.

Background: There is increasing demand for post-acute care services, which is amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: We studied the pattern of spatial association between post-acute care services and acute care facilities and evaluated how geographic variability could influence their use.

Methods: We compiled data on CMS-certified acute care and critical access hospitals and post-acute health care services (nursing homes, home health care services, inpatient rehabilitation facilities, long-term care hospitals, and hospice facilities).

Medicare Part D Spending on Drugs Prescribed by Oncologists: Temporal Trends and Regional Variation.

Purpose: Drug cost is a significant factor in the ever-increasing expenditures for cancer health care.

Methods: We used Medicare Part D administrative data to explore prescribing patterns and attributed drug costs of oncologists from 2013 to 2017. We highlighted regional variation in spending and potential associations.

The cost-effectiveness of empirical antibiotic treatments for high-risk febrile neutropenic patients: A decision analytic model.

Purpose: Febrile neutropenia has a significant clinical and economic impact on cancer patients. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of different current empiric antibiotic treatments.

Methods: A decision analytic model was constructed to compare the use of cefepime, meropenem, imipenem/cilastatin, and piperacillin/tazobactam for treatment of high-risk patients.

Web search popularity, publicity, and utilization of direct oral anticoagulants in the United States, 2008-2018: A STROBE-compliant study.

We aimed to study the changing popularity of oral anticoagulants and the potential association between media coverage and real-world utilization practice, using time series analysis.In this STROBE-compliant study, we used Google Trends data to study public interest for direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban) and warfarin in the United States (10-year coverage, beginning July 1st, 2008 ending June 30th, 2018). We validated our findings on a sample of 50 consecutive datasets (accumulated between July 6th, 2018 and October 19th, 2018), using the same search criteria.

The Cost-Effectiveness of Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background: The use of corticosteroids as adjunct treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with potential clinical benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this approach.

Methods: We constructed a decision-analytic model comparing the use of corticosteroids + antibiotics with that of placebo + antibiotics for the treatment of CAP.

The Cost-effectiveness of Antimicrobial Lock Solutions for the Prevention of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections.

Background: Antimicrobial lock solutions are a low-cost strategy that can reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antimicrobial locks for the prevention of CLABSI.

Methods: We constructed a decision-analytic model comparing antimicrobial lock solutions to heparin locks for the prevention of CLABSI in 3 settings: hemodialysis, cancer treatment, and home parenteral nutrition.

Medicare part D prescribing for direct oral anticoagulants in the United States: Cost, use and the "rubber effect".

Introduction: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have gained an increased share over warfarin for prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease. We studied DOAC adoption across providers and medical specialties.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of Medicare Part D public use files (PUF), 2013 to 2015.

The Cost-Effectiveness of Rapid Diagnostic Testing for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections with or without Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Bloodstream infections are associated with considerable morbidity and health care costs. Molecular rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) are a promising complement to conventional laboratory methods for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections and may reduce the time to effective therapy among patients with bloodstream infections. The concurrent implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) may reinforce these benefits.

Systemic activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in patients with severe primary Sjögren's syndrome fueled by inflammagenic DNA accumulations.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients manifest high cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) levels in serum, associated with impaired DNaseI activity. Undegraded DNA may accumulate in tissues and act as an inflammasome-activating signal. Herein, we investigated the occurrence of aberrant DNA build-up in various biologic compartments of SS patients and its correlation with the activity of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes.

Thermal ablation may improve outcomes in patients with colorectal liver metastasis: a case-control study.

Purpose: Local thermal ablation may extend the scope of palliative therapy in patients with colorectal liver metastasis. We performed a retrospective, case-controlled study to compare patients with colorectal liver metastases that were treated with percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) or microwave (MW) thermal ablation, against the control group of chemotherapy alone.

Methods: We described baseline demographics, ablation sessions, procedure duration and related complications.

FcγRIIa-H131R variant is associated with inferior response in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis of genetic risk.

Purpose: Low-affinity variants FcγRIIIa-V158F and FcγRIIa- H131R may alter response to rituximab-based chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) but available clinical evidence is inconclusive. Our purpose was to explore their association in terms of treatment response.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of published literature to associate these variants with complete remission after upfront immunochemotherapy in DLBCL, and summarized the genetic risk using the model-free approach of generalized odds ratio (OR).

Prevalence and impact of Clostridium difficile infection in elderly residents of long-term care facilities, 2011: A nationwide study.

The elderly population is particularly vulnerable to Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but the epidemiology of CDI in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) is unknown.We performed a retrospective cohort study and used US 2011 LTCF resident data from the Minimum Data Set 3.0 linked to Medicare claims.

Adaptation of Cost Analysis Studies in Practice Guidelines.

Clinical guidelines play a central role in day-to-day practice. We assessed the degree of incorporation of cost analyses to guidelines and identified modifiable characteristics that could affect the level of incorporation.We selected the 100 most cited guidelines listed on the National Guideline Clearinghouse (http://www.

Thrombophilia and venous thromboembolism in pregnancy: a meta-analysis of genetic risk.

Three common polymorphic variants, namely Factor V Leiden (FVL), Prothrombin G20210A (PT G20210A) and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T are candidate genes for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy. We performed a literature review and meta-analysis of pertinent genetic association studies (GAS) in pregnancy, to quantify the genetic risk of VTE in pregnancy. We used the model-free approach of generalized odds ratio (ORG) to estimate gene-to-disease association and explored the mode of inheritance using the degree of dominance h index.

Percutaneous microwave ablation vs radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular cancer ranks fifth among cancers and is related to chronic viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, steatohepatitis and liver autoimmunity. Surgical resection and orthotopic liver transplantation have curative potential, but fewer than 20% of patients are suitable candidates. Interventional treatments are offered to the vast majority of patients.