Assessing the Effect of Transactional Leadership and Empowerment on Nursing Staff's Satisfaction: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: The present study aimed to explore the impact of transactional leadership and psychological empowerment on Greek nurses' job satisfaction.

Methods: Α cross-sectional study was conducted in five Greek public general hospitals between January 1 and March 30, 2022. Participants were 608 nurses.

Life-threatening urosepsis because of ureteral entrapment within a large inguinal hernia.

Ureteral hernias are an uncommon entity that are usually incidentally discovered during inguinal hernia repair. However, when symptomatic, they could cause severe symptoms from the urinary system and even affect renal function. We aim to report a rare case of a 91-year-old male patient with urosepsis because of ureteral entrapment within an inguinal hernia, and further discuss proper management of such cases.

The Impact of Smokers' Information-Seeking Behavior on Smoking Cessation.

Introduction: Smoking has a harmful effect on human body and is rated to be the primary cause of preventable premature disease and death worldwide, while it is responsible for at least 25 life-threatening diseases.

Methods: An empirical investigation has been carried out through the development and distribution of a structured questionnaire. The sample of empirical investigation consisted of 150 smokers aged over 18 years (response rate 85.

Job Satisfaction and Burnout Levels of the Human Resources of a Public Oncology Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

To investigate job satisfaction and burnout levels among the personnel of a public oncology hospital amid the COVID-19 pandemic, a cross-sectional survey was designed. The study was carried out from December 2021 to January 2022 through the application of an anonymous, structured, self-completed, closed-ended questionnaire, consisting of the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in a convenience sample comprised by 117 employees of "Agioi Anargyroi" General Oncology Hospital (response rate: 98%). It was observed that while overall job satisfaction was reduced, several of its determining dimensions like supervision, relationship with co-workers, or work nature were increased.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration and Communication Among Doctors and Nurses in ICUs During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Importance in Professional Life Quality Improvement.

To investigate interdisciplinary cooperation and communication among doctors and nurses along with its role in improving the quality of their professional life, a cross-sectional survey was designed. The study was carried out from February to April 2021 through the application of an anonymous, structured, self-completed, closed-ended questionnaire in a convenience sample consisting of 110 healthcare professionals currently working in the intensive care units (ICUs) of three distinct hospitals (response rate: 76.4%).

Mason bees and honey bees synergistically enhance fruit set in sweet cherry orchards.

Mason bees ( spp.) are efficient fruit tree pollinators that can be encouraged to occupy and breed in artificial nesting material. In sweet cherry orchards, they are occasionally used as an alternative managed pollinator as a replacement for or in addition to honey bees ().

The effects of urbanization on pollinators and pollination: A meta-analysis.

Urbanization is increasing worldwide, with major impacts on biodiversity, species interactions and ecosystem functioning. Pollination is an ecosystem function vital for terrestrial ecosystems and food security; however, the processes underlying the patterns of pollinator diversity and the ecosystem services they provide in cities have seldom been quantified. Here, we perform a comprehensive meta-analysis of 133 studies examining the effects of urbanization on pollinators and pollination.

When lizards shift to a more plant-based lifestyle: The macroevolution of mutualistic lizard-plant-interactions (Squamata: Sauria/Lacertilia).

Pollination and seed dispersal of plants by animals are key mutualistic processes for the conservation of plant diversity and ecosystem functioning. Although different animals frequently act as pollinators or seed dispersers, some species can provide both functions, so-called 'double mutualists', suggesting that the evolution of pollination and seed dispersal may be linked. Here, we assess the macroevolution of mutualistic behaviours in lizards (Lacertilia) by applying comparative methods to a phylogeny comprising 2,838 species.

The degree of urbanisation reduces wild bee and butterfly diversity and alters the patterns of flower-visitation in urban dry grasslands.

Insect-provided pollination services are increasingly threatened due to alarming declines in insect pollinator populations. One of the main threats to insect pollinators and consequently pollination is urbanisation. Here, we investigate the effects of local habitat quality (patch size, flowering plant richness, bare soil cover, vegetation structure), degree of urbanisation (impervious surfaces) and 3D connectivity on bee, hoverfly and butterfly flower visitors and plant-flower visitor networks in flower-rich urban dry grasslands.

Bumble bee colony health and performance vary widely across the urban ecosystem.

Urbanization is a global phenomenon that can affect fitness and could challenge the persistence of most species, including wild bee pollinators. Yet, how and which environmental features affect bee health and fitness within the urban ecosystem remain unclear. Here, we placed experimental Bombus terrestris colonies in sites spanning from the edge into a city's core to investigate bumble bee parasitism, foraging behaviour, energetic stress, colony growth and reproductive output.

Anthropogenic effects on the body size of two neotropical orchid bees.

To accommodate an ever-increasing human population, agriculture is rapidly intensifying at the expense of natural habitat, with negative and widely reported effects on biodiversity in general and on wild bee abundance and diversity in particular. Cities are similarly increasing in area, though the impact of urbanisation on wild bees is more equivocal and potentially positive in northern temperate regions. Yet agriculture and urbanisation both lead to the loss and alteration of natural habitat, its fragmentation, a potential reduction in floral availability, and warmer temperatures, factors thought to be drivers of wild bee decline.

The Dimensionality of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) Derived From Healthy Adults and Patient Subpopulations: A Challenge for Clinicians.

Introduction: Fatigue is associated with various diseases of different origins extending from immune disorders to cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychometric properties/dimensionality of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) questionnaire in samples of healthy adults and patient subgroups in Greece.

Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study that included 80 women with breast cancer, 108 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 100 people with thalassemia diagnosis, and 185 healthy adults, aged 18-45 years.

The effects of urbanisation on ecological interactions.

Cities are expanding worldwide and urbanisation is considered a global threat to biodiversity. Urban ecology has provided important insights on how urban environmental changes might affect individuals, populations, and species; however, we know little about how the ecological impacts of urbanisation alter species interactions. Species interactions are the backbone of ecological communities and play a crucial role in population and community dynamics and in the generation, maintenance and structure of biodiversity.

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover.

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors.

Honey bees increase social distancing when facing the ectoparasite .

Social distancing in response to infectious diseases is a strategy exhibited by human and nonhuman animals to counteract the spread of pathogens and/or parasites. Honey bee () colonies are ideal models to study this behavior because of the compartmentalized structure of these societies, evolved under exposure to parasite pressure and the need to ensure efficient functioning. Here, by using a combination of spatial and behavioral approaches, we investigated whether the presence of the ectoparasite mite induces changes in the social organization of colonies that could reduce the spread of the parasite.

A brief history and popularity of methods and tools used to estimate micro-evolutionary forces.

Population genetics is a field of research that predates the current generations of sequencing technology. Those approaches, that were established before massively parallel sequencing methods, have been adapted to these new marker systems (in some cases involving the development of new methods) that allow genome-wide estimates of the four major micro-evolutionary forces-mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and selection. Nevertheless, classic population genetic markers are still commonly used and a plethora of analysis methods and programs is available for these and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data.

Urbanization is associated with shifts in bumblebee body size, with cascading effects on pollination.

Urbanization is a global phenomenon with major effects on species, the structure of community functional traits and ecological interactions. Body size is a key species trait linked to metabolism, life-history and dispersal as well as a major determinant of ecological networks. Here, using a well-replicated urban-rural sampling design in Central Europe, we investigate the direction of change of body size in response to urbanization in three common bumblebee species, , and , and potential knock-on effects on pollination service provision.

Urban fragmentation leads to lower floral diversity, with knock-on impacts on bee biodiversity.

Bees and flowering plants are two closely interacting groups of organisms. Habitat loss and fragmentation associated with urbanisation are major threats to both partners. Yet how and why bee and floral richness and diversity co-vary within the urban landscape remain unclear.

Disentangling the effects of local resources, landscape heterogeneity and climatic seasonality on bee diversity and plant-pollinator networks in tropical highlands.

Land-use alteration and climate seasonality have profound effects on bee species diversity by influencing the availability of nesting and floral resources. Here, using twelve sites embedded in an agriculture-forest mosaic in the tropical highlands of Guatemala, we investigated the relative effects of climate seasonality and landscape heterogeneity on bee and floral-resource community structure and on their mutualistic network architecture. We found that climate seasonality affected bee diversity, which was higher in the wet season and associated positively with the availability of floral resources across both seasons.

Propolis Consumption Reduces Infection of European Honey Bees ().

is a widespread obligate intracellular parasite of the ventriculus of many species of honey bee (), including the Western honey bee , in which it may lead to colony death. It can be controlled in by feeding the antibiotic fumagillin to a colony, though this product is toxic to humans and its use has now been banned in many countries, so in beekeeping, there exists a need for alternative and safe products effective against . Honeybees produce propolis from resinous substances collected from plants and use it to protect their nest from parasites and pathogens; propolis is thought to decrease the microbial load of the hive.

Population genetics of the European rabbit along a rural-to-urban gradient.

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is declining in large parts of Europe but populations in some German cities remained so far unaffected by this decline. The question arises of how urbanization affects patterns of population genetic variation and differentiation in German rabbit populations, as urban habitat fragmentation may result in altered meta-population dynamics. To address this question, we used microsatellite markers to genotype rabbit populations occurring along a rural-to-urban gradient in and around the city of Frankfurt, Germany.

Urban areas as hotspots for bees and pollination but not a panacea for all insects.

Urbanisation is an important global driver of biodiversity change, negatively impacting some species groups whilst providing opportunities for others. Yet its impact on ecosystem services is poorly investigated. Here, using a replicated experimental design, we test how Central European cities impact flying insects and the ecosystem service of pollination.

Should I stay or should I go? Pollinator shifts rather than cospeciation dominate the evolutionary history of South African Rediviva bees and their Diascia host plants.

Plant-pollinator interactions are often highly specialised, which may be a consequence of co-evolution. Yet when plants and pollinators co-evolve, it is not clear if this will also result in frequent cospeciation. Here, we investigate the mutual evolutionary history of South African oil-collecting Rediviva bees and their Diascia host plants, in which the elongated forelegs of female Rediviva have been suggested to coevolve with the oil-producing spurs of their Diascia hosts.