What Is the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Anastomotic Leakage After Colorectal Resection? A Scoping Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) still remains a common complication after colorectal anastomosis that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. The gut microbiota has been hypothesized as one of the risk factors associated with anastomotic leakage. The aim of the present study was to summarize all existing clinical and experimental studies that evaluate the impact of intestinal microbiota on anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection.

A Case of a Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Surgical Conundrum Wrapped in Functionality's Embrace.

This case study reports a rare case of a non-functioning metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) transforming into a functioning pNET. A 59-year-old male, previously treated with distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, lymph node dissection, liver metastasectomy, and pharmacotherapy, presented with weakness, hypoglycemia, and daily episodes of watery diarrhea. A functioning neuroendocrine liver metastasis expressing insulin and gastrin was identified.

Hepatic Small Vessel Neoplasm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Hepatic small vessel neoplasm (HSVN) is a recently described vascular neoplasm of the liver. It demonstrates an infiltrative growth pattern and lacks cytologic atypia and mitotic activity. So far, no cases of metastasis or disease recurrence after excision have been reported in the literature.

Impact of Minimally Invasive Intrathoracic Hand-sewn Esophago-gastric Anastomosis in Esophagectomy for Cancer.

Background/aim: Ivor Lewis esophagectomy is considered the gold standard approach for the treatment of distal esophageal and gastro-esophageal junction Siewert I-II tumors. Minimally invasive esophagectomy has provided improved outcomes compared to the open approach, offering reduced morbidity, and improved clinical and oncological outcomes. This is the largest study so far reporting the impact of hand-sewn esophago-gastric anastomosis in the prone position, during the 2-stage totally minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Bacterial Translocation as a Source of Postoperative Fever After Revision of a Previous Duodenal Switch for Super-morbid Obesity: A Case Report.

Bacterial translocation is defined as the invasion of gut bacteria or bacterial products to the systemic circulation via permeation through the gastrointestinal mucosal wall. In this article, we present the case of a patient with postoperative fever of unknown origin which was attributed to bacterial translocation after revisional surgery due to malabsorptive complications after an initial duodenal switch for super-morbid obesity.

A Huge Asymptomatic Urachal Mucinous Cystic Carcinoma: A Case Report With Differential Diagnosis and Surgical Considerations.

Cystic mucinous neoplasms of urachal origin cover a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions arising from the remnants of the urachus. They display various degrees of tumor cell atypia and local invasion, with no reported cases of metastasis or recurrence after complete surgical resection. We present a 47-year-old man who referred to our Surgical Department due to an abdominal cystic mass incidentally found upon abdominal ultrasound.

Growth of Intestinal Neomucosa on Pedicled Gastric Wall Flap, a Novel Technique in an Animal Model.

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) remains an unsolved issue in modern medicine. Numerous experimental surgical techniques have been proposed in the attempt to increase the intestinal absorptive capacity. Ten female Landrace pigs, divided in two groups of 5 (A and B), were explored through a midline incision.

Minimally Invasive Transcervical Esophagectomy With Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy for Cancer. A Comparison With Standardized Techniques.

Pulmonary complications remain the most common problem following transthoracic esophagectomy. Minimally invasive approach has significantly improved clinical outcomes; however, respiratory distress is still significant. Minimally invasive transcervical esophagectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy avoids thoracic access, which may decrease pulmonary complications.

Revision of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for Inadequate Weight Loss or Weight Regain.

Inadequate weight loss or weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) occurs in more than a quarter of patients for various reasons. Available remedying treatment options include endoscopic and surgical techniques for revision of the gastric pouch and the gastro-jejunal anastomosis, conversion of standard to distal gastric bypass (DRYGBP) or the conversion of RYGBP to biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) or duodenal switch (DS). There is quite a variability concerning the technical simplicity, safety, and effectiveness of these techniques and the small number of patients in the numerous single-center reports precludes any meaningful comparisons.

Feasibility and Short-Term Outcomes of Three-Dimensional Hand-Sewn Esophago-Jejunal Anastomosis in Completely Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy for Cancer.

Laparoscopic total gastrectomy is on the rise. One of the most technically demanding steps of the approach is the construction of esophago-jejunal anastomosis. Several laparoscopic anastomotic techniques have been described, like linear stapler side-to-side or circular stapler end-to-side anastomosis; limited data exist regarding hand-sewn esophago-jejunal anastomosis.

Predicting outcomes of surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A Gordian Knot.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver malignancy with liver resection with curative intent being the mainstay of treatment related to prolonged survival. Better risk stratification models are needed to optimize patient selection and identify individuals who will benefit the most from an operative approach or alternative treatments due to high incidence of recurrence in patients undergoing resection with curative intent for ICC. Machine learning as well as markers of tumoral biology can generate reliable models that could help in identifying patients at risk of recurrence and worse outcomes.

Robot-Assisted Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy in Testicular Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in testicular cancer is a documented treatment along with active surveillance and chemotherapy. This study aims to summarize the current evidence on the use of Robot-assisted RPLND (RARPLND) in comparison with the laparoscopic and open approach.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted in the existing literature focusing on reports with outcomes of RARPLND for stage I-IIB testicular tumor.

Radiofrequency Energy in Hepatic Bed during Partial Cystectomy for Hydatid Liver Disease: Standing Out from the Usual Conservative Surgical Management.

Background. Surgical treatment of hydatid liver disease (HLD) is divided into conservative and radical procedures. While conservative techniques are easier and faster to perform, there is an emerging need to reduce their morbidity and recurrence rates.