SIRT3 differentially regulates lysine benzoylation from SIRT2 in mammalian cells.

Lysine benzoylation (Kbz), a new type of protein post-translational modification (PTM) we discovered, has garnered significant attention. While we initially identified SIRT2 as a debenzoylase in mammalian cells, recent findings suggest its exclusivity may be questioned. However, other debenzoylases in mammalian cells remain underexplored.

Improvement of Mechanical and Thermoelectric Properties of AgCuTe by Pinning Effect and Enhanced Liquid-Like Behavior via SiC Alloying.

With the development and application of thermoelectric (TE) devices, it requires not only high-performance of TE materials but also high mechanical properties. Here, we report a medium-temperature liquid material, AgCuTe, with high mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that AgCuTe possesses a multiphase structure characterized by abundant grain boundaries, resulting in reduced lattice thermal conductivity and inherently high mechanical strength.

Achieving Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance in SnTe by Alloying with MnSbSe.

The manipulation of defect chemistry is crucial in the design of high-performance thermoelectric materials. Studies have demonstrated that alloying compounds within the I-V-VI family, such as AgSbTe, NaSbTe, etc., can effectively enhance the thermoelectric performance of SnTe by controlling the hole concentration and reducing the lattice thermal conductivity.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Mg-Doped AgSbTe by Inhibiting the Formation of AgTe.

The existence of AgTe has always been an obstacle for p-type thermoelectric material AgSbTe to improve its thermoelectric performance. In this work, AgSbMgTe samples are synthesized by melting-slow-cooling and then spark plasma sintering (SPS). Through increasing the solubility of AgTe in the AgSbTe matrix by Mg doping, the formation of AgTe is inhibited.

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of In-doped and AgCuTe-alloyed SnTe through band engineering and endotaxial nanostructures.

Endotaxial nanostructures can reduce lattice thermal conductivity through enhancing phonon scattering without affecting electrical transport, leading to a high thermoelectric performance. On the other hand, band engineering can enhance electrical transport by improving the Seebeck coefficient through valence band convergence and the resonance level. In this paper, the synergistic effect of band engineering and endotaxial nanostructures was implemented in SnTe thermoelectric materials by alloying with AgCuTe and doping with Indium.

The phycobilisome core-membrane linkers from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and red-algae assemble in the same topology.

The phycobilisomes (PBSs) of cyanobacteria and red-algae are unique megadaltons light-harvesting protein-pigment complexes that utilize bilin derivatives for light absorption and energy transfer. Recently, the high-resolution molecular structures of red-algal PBSs revealed how the multi-domain core-membrane linker (L ) specifically organizes the allophycocyanin subunits in the PBS's core. But, the topology of L in these structures was different than that suggested for cyanobacterial PBSs based on lower-resolution structures.

Protective role of phenylethanoid glycosides, Torenoside B and Savatiside A, in Alzheimer's disease.

The current study assessed the efficacy of two phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), Torenoside B (TB) and Savatiside A (SA), in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of TB and SA compounds were first assessed following amyloid beta (Aβ) induction in SH-SY5Y cells at a range of concentrations. Their effects on cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by performing MTT and dichlorofluorescin diacetate assays, respectively.

Dynasore Suppresses mTORC1 Activity and Induces Autophagy to Regulate the Clearance of Protein Aggregates in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Autophagy is an important cellular protein control process, which plays a key role in the regulation of cell homeostasis and pathogenesis of many human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Reduced autophagic activity and abnormal protein aggregation are common features of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Therefore, pharmacological regulation of overall autophagy may be helpful for effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Stabilizing Metastable Polymorphs of Metal-Organic Frameworks via Encapsulation of Graphene Oxide and Mechanistic Studies.

Polymorphic transition from a metastable phase to a stable phase often occurs in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) under the action of external stimuli. However, these transitions sometimes result in deteriorating their special performances and can even lead to serious safety problems. Therefore, developing a simple and efficient strategy for enhancing the stabilities of metastable MOF polymorphs is very imperative and meaningful.

High-Density Energetic Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on the 5,5'-Dinitro-2H,2'H-3,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole.

High-energy metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on nitrogen-rich ligands are an emerging class of explosives, and density is one of the positive factors that can influence the performance of energetic materials. Thus, it is important to design and synthesize high-density energetic MOFs. In the present work, hydrothermal reactions of Cu(II) with the rigid polynitro heterocyclic ligands 5,5'-dinitro-2,2'-3,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole (DNBT) and 5,5'-dinitro-3,3'-bis-1,2,4-triazole-1-diol (DNBTO) gave two high-density MOFs: [Cu(DNBT)(ATRZ)₃] () and [Cu(DNBTO)(ATRZ)₂(H₂O)₂] (), where ATRZ represents 4,4'-azo-1,2,4-triazole.

Dynamic Crystallography Reveals Early Signalling Events in Ultraviolet Photoreceptor UVR8.

UVR8 (UVR8) is a long-sought-after photoreceptor that undergoes dimer dissociation in response to UV-B light. Crystallographic and mutational studies have identified two crucial tryptophan residues for UV-B responses in UVR8. However, the mechanism of UV-B perception and structural events leading up to dimer dissociation remain elusive at the molecular level.

Fabrication of microcavity-array superhydrophobic surfaces using an improved template method.

We fabricated the first superhydrophobic (SH) surface with microcavities, using a simple process. The process included an improved template method (ITM) for constructing the SH surface with cavities, using taro leaves as a pattern mask, and a dip-coating method for modifying the SH surface. The results obtained using the ITM are significantly better than those achieved using traditional template methods.