Multicomponent Heterogeneous Semiconductor Photocatalytic Sulfinylsulfonylation of Alkenes with Alkyl Iodides and SO.

A multicomponent heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalytic sulfinylsulfonylation of alkenes with alkyl iodides and SO was displayed under mild metal-free conditions by using boron carbonitride (BCN) as the alternative photocatalyst. This approach has resulted in the production of a wide range of structurally diverse sultine products in moderate to high yields, using readily available starting materials including alkyl iodides and olefins with broad functional group tolerance. The method is also suitable for the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules.

An ACE2 PET imaging agent derived from F/Cl exchange of MLN-4760 under phase transfer catalysis.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) acts as a key regulatory molecule and important therapeutic target in the pathological remodeling of numerous organs and diseases. In this study, a rapid, simple, and efficient synthetic route with a catalytic, F-for-Cl (F/Cl) exchange scheme was designed for the preparation of F-labeled MLN-4760, and its targeting ability was investigated in a humanized ACE2 mouse model.

Results: A novel F-labeled MLN-4760 radioligand, abbreviated as F-MLN-4760, was successfully synthesized by the F/Cl exchange-labeling, and was purified by SepPak C18 columns with a radiochemical yield of 30% and a radiochemical purity of 29.

Protein-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Enhancement of Tetraphenylvinyl Derivatives for Ultrasensitive Bioanalysis.

Herein, the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded tetrakis[4-(4'-cyanophenyl)phenyl]ethane nanoaggregates (NAs) (BSA@TBPE-(CN) NAs) as a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitter were first prepared, which exhibited superior ECL performance via the newly defined protein-induced ECL enhancement. Impressively, BSA not only restricted the intramolecular motions by its hydrophobic cavity to improve optical radiation for enhancing ECL efficiency but also promoted the electrochemical excitation of BSA@TBPE-(CN) NAs in which amino acid residues of BSA altered the surface states and narrowed the energy gap of BSA@TBPE-(CN) NAs for further boosting the ECL efficiency. Furthermore, the BSA@TBPE-(CN) NAs displayed a more dispersed state due to electrostatic repulsion caused by its considerable negative charges, which was conducive to reacting more fully with coreactants for improving ECL emission.

Nonlinear Relationship Between Blood Urea Nitrogen to Albumin Ratio and 3-Month Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Second Analysis Based on a Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have limited evidence regarding the relationship between blood urea nitrogen and albumin. Aiming to investigate the relationship between the blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio (BUN/ALB ratio) and poor outcomes in AIS patients at 3 months was the purpose of this study.

Methods: AIS participants at a Korean hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were included in a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Effectiveness of treat-to-target cholesterol-lowering interventions on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk in the community-dwelling population: a target trial emulation.

Little is known about the long-term effectiveness of risk-based treat-to-target cholesterol-lowering interventions on cardiovascular risk. Here, we show the emulated effectiveness of guideline-recommended low-density and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering interventions using the absolute risk reduction (ARR) and the restricted mean event-free time-based number needed to treat (NNT). With 5,375 participants, the 29-year risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD), all-cause mortality, and atherosclerotic CVD were 18.

General Stacking Theory for Altermagnetism in Bilayer Systems.

Two-dimensional (2D) altermagnetism was recently proposed to be attainable in twisted antiferromagnetic bilayers providing an experimentally feasible approach to realize it in 2D materials. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism governing the appearance of altermagnetism in bilayer systems is still absent. In the present Letter, we address this gap by introducing a general stacking theory (GST) as a key condition for the emergence of altermagnetism in bilayer systems.

Nr1d1 inhibition mitigates intermittent hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension via Dusp1-mediated Erk1/2 deactivation and mitochondrial fission attenuation.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) precipitates pulmonary vasoconstriction, culminating in the onset of pulmonary hypertension (PH) among individuals afflicted with sleep apnea. While Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (Nr1d1) is progressively recognized as pivotal regulator of cellular physiology, the role in the pathogenesis of IH-induced PH remains largely uncharted. The expression of Nr1d1 was examined in IH-induced rodent PH and in IH-treated PASMCs.

CircRNA expression profiling of the rat thalamus in temporomandibular joint chronic inflammatory pain.

Orofacial pain (OFP) induced by temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is prevalent, affecting approximately 4.6 % of the population. One specific type of TMD is temporomandibular osteoarthritis (TMJOA), a common degenerative disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life.

Trace Dual-Salt Electrolyte Additive Enabling a LiF-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

The composition and physiochemical properties of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) significantly impact the electrochemical cyclability of the Li metal. Here, we introduce a trace dual-salt electrolyte additive (TDEA) that accelerates LiF production from FEC decomposition and improves the LiF distribution, resulting in earlier LiF precipitation and the formation of a LiF-rich SEI on the Li anode. TDEA at a millimolar-level concentration was found to alter the morphology of deposited Li, suppress Li dendrite formation, and increase the cycling time and operating current density for Li anodes.

Associating plasma aldosterone concentration with the prevalence of MAFLD in hypertensive patients: insights from a large-scale cross-sectional study.

Objective: To explore the link between plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in hypertensive patients.

Methods: We analyzed data from 41,131 hospitalized patients from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. Multivariate logistic regression models tested associations, with threshold, subgroup, and sensitivity analyses conducted to validate findings.

Platelet count has a nonlinear association with 30-day in-hospital mortality in ICU end-stage kidney disease patients: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

This study addresses the relationship between platelet count and 30-day in-hospital mortality in End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESRD) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), a topic with limited existing evidence. Utilizing data from the US eICU-CRD v2.0 database (2014-2015), a retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 3700 ICU ESRD patients.

Iron-Catalyzed Electrophotochemical α-Functionalization of a Silylcyclobutanol.

Four-membered ring structure is important in organic chemistry, and selective cleavage and functionalization of these strained rings are of great interest. However, direct α-functionalization of cyclobutanols is rarely reported because of the high O-H bond dissociation energy and the occurrence of β-scission of C-C bonds in these alcohols. Recently, transition-metal catalysis has facilitated alkoxy radical generation.

Plasma aldosterone concentrations elevation in hypertensive patients: the dual impact on hyperuricemia and gout.

Background: Prior research has highlighted the association between uric acid (UA) and the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). However, the specific relationship between aldosterone, the RAAS's end product, and UA-related diseases remains poorly understood. This study aims to clarify the impact of aldosterone on the development and progression of hyperuricemia and gout in hypertensive patients.

Bioluminescence-optogenetics-mediated gene therapy in a sleep-disordered breathing mouse model.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) incurs a huge individual, societal, and economic burden. Specific and selective targeting of hypoglossal motor neurons could be an effective means to treat OSA. Bioluminescent-optogenetics (BL-OG) is a novel genetic regulatory approach in which luminopsins, fusion proteins of light-generating luciferase and light-sensing ion channels, increase neuronal excitability when exposed to a suitable substrate.

The involvement of krüppel-like transcription factor 2 in megakaryocytic differentiation induction by phorbol 12-myrestrat 13-acetate.

Background: Megakaryocytic differentiation is a complicated process regulated by a series of transcription factors in a context- and stage-dependent manner. Recent studies have suggested that krüppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) is involved in the control of embryonic erythroid precursor cell differentiation and maturation. However, the function and mechanism of KLF2 in regulating megakaryocytic differentiation remain unclear.

Adan: Adaptive Nesterov Momentum Algorithm for Faster Optimizing Deep Models.

In deep learning, different kinds of deep networks typically need different optimizers, which have to be chosen after multiple trials, making the training process inefficient. To relieve this issue and consistently improve the model training speed across deep networks, we propose the ADAptive Nesterov momentum algorithm, Adan for short. Adan first reformulates the vanilla Nesterov acceleration to develop a new Nesterov momentum estimation (NME) method, which avoids the extra overhead of computing gradient at the extrapolation point.

[The Value of sFLC and Serum Calcium in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Multiple Myeloma Patients].

Objective: To investigate the value of serum free light chain (sFLC) and serum calcium ion in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: Forty patients with MM treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected as the observation group, and 40 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. The differences of sFLC-κ、sFLC-λ、sFLC-κ/λ, serum calcium ions, etc between the two groups were compared.

Using artificial intelligence to rapidly identify microplastics pollution and predict microplastics environmental behaviors.

With the massive release of microplastics (MPs) into the environment, research related to MPs is advancing rapidly. Effective research methods are necessary to identify the chemical composition, shape, distribution, and environmental impacts of MPs. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven machine learning methods have demonstrated excellent performance in analyzing MPs in soil and water.

Nonlinear relationship between platelet count and 30-day in-hospital mortality in ICU acute respiratory failure patients: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the link between platelet count and 30-day in-hospital mortality in acute respiratory failure (ARF) patients. Thus, this study aims to investigate this association among ICU patients experiencing acute respiratory failure.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study across multiple centers, utilizing data from the US eICU-CRD v2.

Obinutuzumab in untreated primary membranous nephropathy: An observational case series.

Background: As an initial treatment for primary membranous nephropathy (PMN), there remains a significant proportion of patients for whom rituximab is not fully effective. Here, we aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of obinutuzumab as initial treatment in patients with PMN.

Methods: In this observational case series, patients diagnosed with PMN and treated with obinutuzumab as initial treatment were included.