ZmGolS1 underlies natural variation of raffinose content and salt tolerance in maize.

Salt stress significantly inhibits crop growth and development, and mitigating this can enhance salt tolerance in various crops. Previous studies have shown that regulating saccharide biosynthesis is a key aspect of plant salt tolerance; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of a salt-inducible galactinol synthase gene, ZmGolS1, alleviates salt-induced growth inhibition, likely by promoting raffinose synthesis.

FAM20C Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Proliferation and Metastasis via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the prevailing malignancy that impacts the endocrine system, accounting for 1% of all recently diagnosed malignancies in humans. The incidence of TC has been continuously increasing, which can be attributed to advancements in clinical diagnostic technology. However, the mechanisms behind the development of TC are still not well understood.

RARRES1 identified by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation as a promising biomarker in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma.

Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly malignant form of skin cancer, known for its unfavorable prognosis and elevated mortality rate. RARRES1, a gene responsive to retinoic acid receptors, displays varied functions in various cancer types. However, the specific role and underlying mechanisms of RARRES1 in SKCM are still unclear.

Integrated bioinformatics combined with machine learning to analyze shared biomarkers and pathways in psoriasis and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Psoriasis extends beyond its dermatological inflammatory manifestations, encompassing systemic inflammation. Existing studies have indicated a potential risk of cervical cancer among patients with psoriasis, suggesting a potential mechanism of co-morbidity. This study aims to explore the key genes, pathways, and immune cells that may link psoriasis and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC).

Association between visceral adipose tissue and asthma based on the NHANES and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity is a crucial risk factor for asthma. Observational studies have examined the association between abdominal obesity and asthma symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and asthma and its potential as an independent indicator.

Highly Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Aldehydes in Aqueous Phase.

Chemoselective hydrogenation of carbonyl in unsaturated aldehydes is a significant process in the chemical industry, in which the development of aqueous-phase reaction systems as a substitution to organic ones is challenging. Herein, we report Ir atomic cluster catalysts anchored onto WO nanorods a reduction treatment at various temperatures (denoted as Ir/WO-T, = 200, 300, 400, and 500 °C), which accelerates the chemoselective hydrogenation of carbonyl groups in aqueous solutions. The optimal catalyst Ir/WO-300 exhibits exceptional activity (TOF value: 1313.

PCDH8 is a novel prognostic biomarker in thyroid cancer and promotes cell proliferation and viability.

Protocadherin 8 (PCDH8), a calcium-dependent transmembrane protein in the protocadherin family, regulates cell adhesion and signal transduction. While some studies have provided indirect evidence that PCDH8 has cancer-promoting properties, this association is controversial. In particular, its involvement in thyroid cancer (THCA) remains unclear.

Is Kidney Stone Associated with Thyroid Disease? The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.

Background: Kidney stones and thyroid disease are two common diseases in the general population, with multiple common risk factors. The associations between kidney stones and thyroid disease are unclear.

Aim: This study aims to assess the association between 'once had a thyroid disease' and the odds of kidney stones.

Lattice Defects and Electronic Modulation of Flower-Like ZnInS Promote Photocatalytic Degradation of Multiple Antibiotics.

Photocatalysis is an effective technique to remove antibiotic residues from aquatic environments. Typical metal sulfides like ZnInS have been applied to a wide range of photocatalytic applications. However, there are currently no readily accessible methods to increase its antibiotic-degrading activity.

Designing Cu-Cu dual sites for improved C-H bond fracture towards methanol steam reforming.

Copper-based catalysts serve as the predominant methanol steam reforming material although several fundamental issues remain ambiguous such as the identity of active center and the aspects of reaction mechanism. Herein, we prepare Cu/Cu(Al)O catalysts with amorphous alumina-stabilized CuO adjoining Cu nanoparticle to provide Cu-Cu sites. The optimized catalyst exhibits 99.

Biomarker Discovery for Early Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using High-Throughput Enhanced Quantitative Plasma Proteomics.

The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has been increasing over the last 50 years worldwide. A higher rate of overdiagnosis in indolent thyroid lesions has resulted in unnecessary treatment. An accurate detection of TC at an early stage is highly demanded.

Physics-assisted machine learning methods for predicting the splitting tensile strength of recycled aggregate concrete.

Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has become a popular building material due to its eco-friendly features, but the difficulty in predicting the crack resistance of RAC is increasingly impeding its application. In this study, splitting tensile strength is adopted to describe the crack resistance ability of RAC, and physics-assisted machine learning (ML) methods are used to construct the predictive models for the splitting tensile strength of RAC. The results show that the AdaBoost model has excellent predictive performance with the help of the Firefly algorithm, and physical assistance plays a remarkable role in selecting features and verifying the ML models.

A strong bimetal-support interaction in ethanol steam reforming.

The metal-support interaction (MSI) in heterogeneous catalysts plays a crucial role in reforming reaction to produce renewable hydrogen, but conventional objects are limited to single metal and support. Herein, we report a type of RhNi/TiO catalysts with tunable RhNi-TiO strong bimetal-support interaction (SBMSI) derived from structure topological transformation of RhNiTi-layered double hydroxides (RhNiTi-LDHs) precursors. The resulting 0.

High glucose inhibits neural differentiation by excessive autophagy via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.

The high prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes globally has led to the widespread occurrence of severe complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, which is a result of chronic hyperglycemia. Studies have demonstrated that maternal diabetes can lead to neural tube defects by suppressing neurogenesis during neuroepithelium development. While aberrant autophagy has been associated with abnormal neuronal differentiation, the mechanism by which high glucose suppresses neural differentiation in stem cells remains unclear.

A DFT study on methanol decomposition over single atom Pt/CeO catalysts: the effect of the position of Pt.

Pt/CeO catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic performance for the methanol dehydrogenation (MD) reaction. In this work, MD reactions on three systems of Pt/CeO(110)), Pt/CeO(110), and Pt/CeO(110) are investigated density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The CHOH adsorption, electronic structure of the catalyst, and mechanism of methanol decomposition (MD) are systematically calculated.

Cytokinin signaling promotes salt tolerance by modulating shoot chloride exclusion in maize.

Excessive accumulation of chloride (Cl) in the aboveground tissues under saline conditions is harmful to crops. Increasing the exclusion of Cl from shoots promotes salt tolerance in various crops. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.

The impact of long-term exposure to tacrolimus on chronic kidney disease after lung transplantation: A retrospective analysis from a single transplantation center.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible complication in lung transplant patients who have received long-term treatment with tacrolimus. This study aimed to verify long-term tacrolimus exposure values in CKD progression.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of adult lung transplant recipients performed at our center between 2012 and October 2015.

Theoretical Calculations on Metal Catalysts Toward Water-Gas Shift Reaction: a Review.

Water-gas shift (WGS) reaction offers a dominating path to hydrogen generation from fossil fuel, in which heterogeneous metal catalysts play a crucial part in this course. This review highlights and summarizes recent developments on theoretical calculations of metal catalysts developed to date, including surface structure (e. g.

Study on Modulation Bandwidth of GaN-Based Micro-Light-Emitting Diodes by Adjusting Quantum Well Structure.

GaN-based blue micro-light-emitting diodes (μ-LEDs) with different structures were designed, of which the effect of quantum well (QW) structure on modulation bandwidth was numerically explored. By using trapezoidal QWs, the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) can be reduced, leading to an enhanced electron-hole wave function overlap, thereby increasing the recombination rate and reducing the differential carrier lifetime. In addition, the improved hole transport also creates favorable conditions for shortening the differential carrier lifetime.

The role of pyroptosis and its crosstalk with immune therapy in breast cancer.

Pyroptosis is a brand-new category of programmed cell death (PCD) that is brought on by multitudinous inflammasomes, which can recognize several stimuli to pilot the cleavage of and activate inflammatory cytokines like IL-18 and IL-1β is believed to have dual effects on the development of multiple cancers including breast cancer. However, pyroptosis has different effects on cancers depending on the type of tissues and their distinct heredity. Recently, the association between pyroptosis and breast cancer has received more and more attention, and it is thought that inducing pyroptosis could be used as a cancer treatment option.

Early administration of dobutamine in the treatment of septic shock patients with tumor-a retrospective comparative cohort study.

Background: Studies have found that dobutamine may be beneficial to protect organs function in patients with septic shock, but there is still a lack of relevant research in septic shock patients with tumor. The study sought to explore the role of the early administration of dobutamine in the treatment of septic shock patients with tumors.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of tumor patients who developed septic shock at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between June 2008 and November 2021.