Entirely Intramural Growth Pattern: A Rare Presentation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Review of the Literature.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium. In contrast, esophageal submucosal tumors are common benign lesions arising from mesenchymal tissues. To date, an entirely intramural growth of ESCC is very rare.

The mechanism of carbon and nitrogen metabolism under low temperature and low light stress after heading in late indica rice.

Double-season late indica rice frequently experiences low temperature accompanying with low light stress during the grain filling stage in southern China, which alters the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the rice grains, thereby impacting both grain yield and quality. However, the physiological mechanism is still unclear. A pot experiment using two late indica rice cultivars (high-quality and common-quality rice cultivars) was conducted under control (CK), low temperature (LT) and low temperature and light (LT + LL) to investigate the grain filling, photosynthetic characteristics, carbon and nitrogen metabolic enzymes and related gene expression.

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Breast: Current Insights and Future Directions.

Background: The breast neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent a heterogeneous group of tumors and account for less than 1% of all NENs. The 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Breast Tumors in 2019 introduced a more stringent definition for breast NENs including neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) (G1, G2) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) (small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma). While the diagnostic criteria and treatment of breast NENs still have some unsolved issues.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG attenuates depression-like behaviour and cognitive deficits in chronic ethanol exposure mice by down-regulating systemic inflammatory factors.

Ethanol can directly or indirectly lead to cognitive and mental disorders. The long-term intake of alcohol can directly affect the distribution of gut microbiota. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a natural bacterium isolated from healthy human intestines that has the function of preventing cytokine-induced cell apoptosis and protecting cell barriers.

Acupuncture as an Adjunct to Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Loss in Simple Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture as an adjunct to lifestyle interventions on weight loss in simple obesity.

Methods: Potentially eligible studies that assessed anthropometric outcomes as well as glucose and lipid metabolism following acupuncture combined with lifestyle interventions in simple obesity patients were searched from eight databases from inception to October 2023. All analyses were performed using the Review Manager software v5.

"On-demand" nanosystem-integrated microneedles for amplified triple therapy against recalcitrant bacteria and biofilm growth.

Phototherapy has emerged to eradicate recalcitrant bacteria without causing drug resistance, but it is often accompanied by considerable limitations owing to a high tolerance of recalcitrant bacteria to heat and oxidative damage, leading to low efficiency of monotherapy and unwanted side effects. Assuming that employing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to disrupt bacterial membranes could reduce bacterial tolerance, a multifunctional "on-demand" nanosystem based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with metal ions for intrinsic antibacterial activity was constructed to potently kill methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Then, microneedles (MNs) were used to transdermally deliver the ZIF-8-based nanosystem for localized skin infection.

Replacing traditional coffee appraisers with inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS): From manual sensory evaluation to scientific analysis.

Scientific development provides opportunities to replace many traditional manual methods to achieve more accurate results and higher efficiency. To scientifically ascertain the geographical origin of coffee, this study develops a method for the rapid determination of 16 inorganic elements in coffee using microwave digestion combined with the ICP-MS internal standard method. Principal component analysis (PCA), Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA), and Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) are employed to analyze 40 coffee samples from three production areas of Pu'er, Baoshan, and Wanning.

Zuogui pills ameliorate chemotherapy-induced ovarian aging by improving stemness, regulating cell cycle and reducing apoptosis of oogonial stem cells via the Notch1/Nrf2 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zuogui Pills (ZGP) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal formula originating from the Ming Dynasty. It has been widely used in the treatment of kidney deficiency-related diseases, including ovarian aging.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of ZGP on ovarian aging induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide (CTX), as well as its impact on the therapeutic target, oogonial stem cells (OSCs), involving the Notch1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway.

VRK2 inhibits the replication of infectious bursal disease virus by phosphorylating RACK1 and suppressing apoptosis.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive avian disease caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Despite significant efforts, the lack of knowledge about host proteins that counteract IBDV replication has hindered progress in preventing and controlling IBD in chickens. This study identifies the mitochondria-associated protein vaccinia virus-related kinase 2 (VRK2) as an inhibitor of IBDV.

[Retracted] PLGA/poloxamer nanoparticles loaded with EPAS1 siRNA for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and .

Following the publication of this article, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that, in the tumor tissue images shown in Fig. 5A and B on p. 1001, there were two pairs of overlapping data panels, such that data which were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments appeared to have been derived from the same original sources.

Photonic integrated interference imaging system based on front-end S-shaped microlens array and Con-DDPM.

Aiming at the problems of uneven UV spatial frequency sampling and inverse Fourier transform (IFT) artifacts of the photonic integrated interference imaging system, this study proposes a new imaging system based on a front-end S-shaped microlens array, combined with a conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model (Con-DDPM). The front-end S-shaped microlens array improves the uniformity of UV spatial frequency sampling, increasing the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structure similarity index measure (SSIM) by approximately 5 dB and 0.16, respectively.

Surgery alone versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in patients with stage T2N0M0 esophageal cancer.

To compare the survival outcomes of patients with stage T2N0M0 esophageal cancer treated with surgery alone versus those treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. Patients with stage T2N0M0 esophageal cancer, who either underwent surgery alone or received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database covering the period from 2000 to 2020. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) between the two treatment groups were compared.

Past, Present, and Future of RNA Modifications in Infectious Disease Research.

In early 2024, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) released a roadmap for the future of research into mapping ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications, which underscored the importance of better defining these diverse chemical changes to the RNA macromolecule. As nearly all mature RNA molecules harbor some form of modification, we must understand RNA modifications to fully appreciate the functionality of RNA. The NASEM report calls for massive mobilization of resources and investment akin to the transformative Human Genome Project of the early 1990s.

Fibrillarin homologs regulate translation in divergent cell lineages during planarian homeostasis and regeneration.

Tissue homeostasis and regeneration involve complex cellular changes. The role of rRNA modification-dependent translational regulation in these processes remains largely unknown. Planarians, renowned for their ability to undergo remarkable tissue regeneration, provide an ideal model for the analysis of differential rRNA regulation in diverse cell types during tissue homeostasis and regeneration.

Histone modification H3K27me3 is essential during chilling-induced flowering in Litchi chinensis.

Litchi (Litchi chinensis), a prominent fruit tree in the Sapindaceae, initiates flowering in response to low autumn and winter temperatures. This study investigates the epigenetic regulation of this process, focusing on the marks histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and its deposition genes during the chilling-induced floral induction (FId) and initiation stages. Our genomic analysis delineated the H3K27me3 deposition landscape across the prefloral induction (PFId), FId, and floral initiation (FIn) stages.

The Jiangsu Biobank for the Prevention and Control of Diabetes (JBPCD) in China.

The Jiangsu Biobank for the Prevention and Control of Diabetes (JBPCD) is a community-based prospective cohort study initiated in Jiangsu province, to examine the burden of complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to better understand the incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcomes of T2DM complications to inform prevention and control strategies. From October 2013 to July 2014, 20,053 T2DM patients (7,862 males and 12,191 females) were recruited from Suzhou city and Huai'an city.

Esterified starches enhance short-term satiety in mice structural and physicochemical alterations.

Starch is the main carbohydrate in the human diet, of which resistant starch (RS) has positive effects on satiety. This study examined the impact of esterified starch with varying degrees of substitution on short-term satiety in mice. Three forms of esterified starch were investigated: phosphorylated starch (SP), acetylated starch (SA), and octenylsuccinic acid starch (OSA).

3D nanofiber sponge based on natural insect quaternized chitosan/pullulan/citric acid for accelerating wound healing.

Extensive traumatic injuries and difficult-to-heal wounds, induced by many circumstances, impose a significant social and economic burden on an annual basis. Thus, innovative wound dressings that encourage wound healing are greatly needed. In this work, we prepared a novel insect chitosan (MCS) using waste pupal shells from housefly (Musca domestica L.

Thermally processed rice starch impacts glucose homeostasis in mice to different degrees via disturbing gut microbial structure and intestinal barrier function.

Long-term intake of thermally processed starch-based foods may impact glucose homeostasis, but the consistency of the effects of various thermal treatments and the reasons are not clear. In this study, thermal treatments, especially boiling, damaged the crystal structure and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds of starch-based blends, thus decreasing the structural order and stability. These thermally treated starch-based blends increased the appetite of mice, promoted food digestion, and enhanced postprandial glucose response.

Heteroatom Engineering in Earth-Abundant Cobalt Electrocatalyst for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Evolution Coupling with Urea Oxidation.

The development of multifunctional electrocatalysts with high performance for electrocatalyzing urea oxidation-assisted water splitting is of great significance for energy-saving hydrogen production. In this work, we demonstrate a novel heteroatom engineering strategy for development of B-doped Co as a multifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Density functional theory (DFT) results suggest that a B dopant can efficiently adjust the electron reconstruction of the exposure of Co sites nearby and facilitate electron transfer, resulting in an optimal d-band center along with a lower Gibbs free energy barrier.