The kinase CPK5 phosphorylates MICRORCHIDIA1 to promote broad-spectrum disease resistance.

In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), MICRORCHIDIA 1 (MORC1), a member of the MORC family of evolutionarily conserved GHKL-type ATPases, plays important roles in multiple layers of plant immunity. However, the molecular mechanism by which MORC1 regulates plant immunity remains obscure. Here, we report that the pathogen-responsive kinase CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 5 (CPK5) directly interacts with and phosphorylates MORC1, thereby promoting its stability and nuclear translocation.

Bacterial volatiles from aphid honeydew mediate ladybird beetles oviposition site choice.

Background: The cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii Glover is a destructive pest worldwide that causes substantial damage to diverse crops. The ladybird beetle Propylea japonica Thunberg is the dominant predatory natural enemy of A. gossypii.

Effect of dietary supplementation on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of hybrid grouper ( ♀ × ♂).

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of supplementing () on hybrid grouper ( ♀ × ♂), with a particular focus on its impact on growth performance, blood composition, intestinal antioxidant capacity, gut microbiota, tight junction protein (ZO-1) expression, and inflammatory gene expression. The study seeks to uncover the potential health benefits of C. butyricum supplementation for hybrid grouper.

Danuglipron Ameliorates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling Through the AMPK Pathway.

Cardiac remodelling, a pathological process induced by various cardiovascular diseases, remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Here, we investigate the potential of Danuglipron (PF-06882961, PF), a novel oral glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, in alleviating pressure overload (PO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Using both in vivo and in vitro models, we demonstrate that PF treatment (1 mg/kg/day, orally for 8 weeks) significantly attenuates aortic banding-induced cardiac dysfunction and pathological remodelling in mice.

Dynamic change of estrogen and progesterone metabolites in human urine during pregnancy.

Endogenous estrogen and progesterone and their metabolites play a key role in regulating and maintaining the normal pregnancy process. However, the dynamic change of these estrogen and progesterone metabolites' level across the entire gestational period is not fully revealed. This study systematically measures the temporal changes of estrogen, progesterone, and their metabolites in human urine during normal pregnancy using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Ultrafast cell-free DNA extraction from body fluids using UiO-66-NH hydrogel packed syringe.

Liquid biopsy represents a noninvasive or minimally invasive diagnostic approach relevant for both the organ-specific changes and systemic health conditions, whereas cell-free DNA (cfDNA) extraction from body liquids has attracted much attention in liquid biopsy, especially. Nowadays, metal-organic frameworks (MOF) such as UiO-66-NH has been demonstrated efficient extraction property for DNA molecular, whereas the disadvantages of MOF for solid-phase extraction (SPE) still remain. Herein, one macro-pored MOF hydrogel formation strategy was constructed in this study to achieve superb extraction performance of cfDNAs from body fluids.

Metallic TiN-mediated interface to boost charge transfer of bismuth vanadate toward enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

Surface modification of cocatalysts is one of the most efficient strategies to improve the surface charge transfer of bismuth vanadate (BVO) photoanodes. However, the interfacial recombination between BVO semiconductors and cocatalysts is seriously undervalued. Herein, metallic titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles are decorated on the surface of BVO to tune the carrier dynamics at BVO/cocatalysts interface.

Expression, regulation, function and clinical significance of B7-H6 on neutrophils in human gastric cancer.

Neutrophils are conspicuous components of gastric cancer (GC) tumors, increasing with tumor progression and poor patient survival. However, the phenotype, regulation, function and clinical relevance of neutrophils in human GC are presently unknown. We used flow cytometry analyses to examine levels and phenotype of neutrophils in samples from 50 patients with GC.

Gut microbiota and metabolic profile affected by pectic domains during in vitro rat fecal fermentation: A comparative study between different glycans rich in pectic monosaccharides.

This study aimed to investigate in vitro rat fecal fermentation behavior of pectic polymers and glycans that constitute typical pectic fragments, i.e. homogalacturonan (HG), arabinan (AB), arabinogalactan (AG), rhamnogalacturonan (RG), and xyloglucan (XG).

Disentangled Representation Learning for Capturing Individualized Brain Atrophy via Pseudo-Healthy Synthesis.

Brain atrophy emerges as a distinctive hallmark in various neurodegenerative diseases, demonstrating a progressive trajectory across diverse disease stages and concurrently manifesting in tandem with a discernible decline in cognitive abilities. Understanding the individualized patterns of brain atrophy is critical for precision medicine and the prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is difficult to obtain longitudinal data to compare changes before and after the onset of diseases.

Neuromorphic deviations associated with transcriptomic expression and specific cell type in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to be associated with cortical anatomical atrophy and neurodegeneration across various brain regions. However, the relationships between brain structural changes in AD and gene expression remain unclear. We perform the morphometric similarity network (MSN) analysis to reveal the consistent cortical structural differences in individuals with AD compared to controls, and investigate the associations between brain-wide gene expression and morphometric changes.

Ultrasound-Driven Nitric Oxide Generation for Enhanced Sonodynamic-Photothermal Therapy.

Recently, green gas therapy based on nitric oxide (NO) has gained considerable attention in cancer treatment. The supplementation of exogenous NO and its controlled release represent promising strategies for adjuvant tumor therapy. In this study, we developed a novel ultrasound (US)-triggered NO generation and release nanoplatform that integrates NO therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and photothermal therapy (PTT) into a collaborative therapeutic modality.

Decoding the mechanism of proanthocyanidins in central analgesia: redox regulation and KCNK3 blockade.

Neuropathic pain causes enduring physical discomfort and emotional distress. Conventional pharmacological treatments often provide restricted relief and may result in undesirable side effects, posing a substantial clinical challenge. Peripheral and spinal redox homeostasis plays an important role in pain processing and perception.

Comprehensive predictors of drug-resistant epilepsy in MELAS: clinical, EEG, imaging, and biochemical factors.

Background: Seizures are a common but often overlooked manifestation of MELAS. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of seizures in MELAS and to analyze the clinical, electroencephalographic, imaging, and biochemical factors associated with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted to investigate the clinical characteristics of seizures in MELAS patients.

Targeting high mobility group protein B2 exerts antiproliferative effects in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by modulating miR-21.

Objective: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by excessive vascular cell proliferation, leading to vascular remodeling. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular cell proliferation in the context of HMGB2 and its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of PH.

Methods: Animals and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were exposed to hypoxia.

Association between the development of sepsis and the triglyceride-glucose index in acute pancreatitis patients: a retrospective investigation utilizing the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Sepsis is a serious consequence of acute pancreatitis (AP) that requires immediate detection and treatment. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index demonstrated predictive ability for a number of diseases. In an effort to enhance clinical care and early warning systems, this study examined the association between the TyG index and sepsis risk with the aim of improving clinical care and early warning systems.

Correlation between plasma epidermal growth factor and follow-up cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is a lack of research on the association between plasma EGF levels and cognitive impairments in PD patients.

Methods: The study included 135 PD patients.

CKD patients comorbid with hypertension are associated with imbalanced gut microbiome.

Intestinal flora has been linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the microbial community among 54 individuals without CKD, 46 hypertensive CKD patients (CKD_HTN), and 48 non-hypertensive CKD patients. Variations in microbial diversity were detected in CKD.

Cornuside as a promising therapeutic agent for diabetic kidney disease: Targeting regulation of Ca disorder-mediated renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis.

Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) apoptosis is the key factor in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) leading to mitochondrial Ca overload is one of the causes of apoptosis in RTECs. Corni Fructus (CF) is an herbal medicine, developed and applied as a functional food, and it is commonly used to treat DKD.

Ultrafast soliton dynamics from an all-fiber self-starting thulium-doped Mamyshev oscillator.

The generation of high-performance pulses in the 2 μm wavelength range has been widely considered. A Mamyshev oscillator featuring cascaded spectral broadening and offset spectral filtering is an excellent platform for generating high-energy femtosecond pulses. In order to make up for the shortcomings of complex structure and unsuitability for practical use, in this Letter, we present an experimental investigation of an all-fiber thulium-doped Mamyshev oscillator that enables self-starting operation and generates high-performance pulses.

Observation of the collision and oscillation dynamics of dissipative dual-color solitons.

Due to their potential as excellent dual-comb light sources, the dynamics of dual-color solitons within a single cavity have garnered widespread attention. In this work, we constructed a single-cavity ytterbium-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser (MLFL). By utilizing the birefringent filtering effect, dual-color solitons were successfully generated, and both collision and oscillatory dynamics of the dual-color solitons were observed.

Polarization-Sensitive Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on Semipolar (112̅2) AlGaN Film.

Wide bandgap semiconductor AlGaN alloys have been identified as key materials to fabricate solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors (SBUV PDs). Herein, a self-driven SBUV polarization-sensitive PD (PSPD) based on semipolar (112̅2)-oriented AlGaN films is reported. Using the flow-rate modulation epitaxy method, the full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) for the obtained (112̅2) AlGaN along [112̅3̅] and [11̅00] rocking curves are 0.

Nanoscale Prediction of Physical Water Reducer: Lubricating the Cement System by the Electric Field.

Fluidity is a critical property of cement that significantly impacts the performance of cement paste in construction engineering. Fluidity is typically enhanced through the application of chemical additives (e.g.