Gas-propelled anti-hair follicle aging microneedle patch for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Existing treatments for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) are unsatisfactory, owing to the two major reasons: (1) Oxidative stress and vascularization deficiency in the perifollicular microenvironment provoke the premature senescence of hair follicles, limiting the transformation of hair growth cycle from the telogen to the anagen phase; (2) The amount of drug delivered to the perifollicular region located in the deep dermis is very limited for passive drug delivery systems. Herein, we developed a gas-propelled microneedle patch integrated with ferrum-chelated puerarin/quercetin nanoparticles (PQFN) to increase drug accumulation in hair follicles and reshape the perifollicular microenvironment for improved hair-regenerating effects. PQFN can rejuvenate testosterone (Tes)-induced senescence of dermal papilla cells by scavenging ROS, restoring mitochondrial function, regulating signaling pathways related to hair regeneration, and upregulating hair growth-promoting genes.

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine fractures in the elderly: alterations in GNRI and BMP-2 in delayed union and associated factors.

Objective: To investigate the alterations in the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) levels and identify associated factors in older adults with delayed union of osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine fractures.

Methods: From June 2021 to June 2023, 139 elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine fractures were selected and divided into a delayed group and a normal group according to the fracture healing status at 6 months postoperatively. GNRI and BMP-2 levels were assessed in both cohorts.

Mechanisms Underlying the Size-Dependent Neurotoxicity of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Zebrafish.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, posing significant threats to biological systems, including nervous systems, across various trophic levels. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms behind the size-dependent neurotoxicity of NPs remain unclear. Here, we investigated the neurotoxicity of 20 and 100 nm polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) to zebrafish.

Cellular and genetic responses of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to seawater acidification and copper exposure.

The ongoing decline in seawater pH, driven by the absorption of excess atmospheric CO, represents a major environmental issue. This reduction in pH can interact with metal pollution, resulting in complex effects on marine phytoplankton. In this study, we examined the combined impacts of seawater acidification and copper (Cu) exposure on the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

The importance of organic matter in controlling the metal variability and mobility in seagrass sediments.

Metal contamination in seagrass beds has been extensively studied in the past decades. Most of earlier studies have focused on reporting metal concentration in different compartments of seagrass ecosystem, with little attention given to the role of sediment organic matter in controlling the metal mobility and bioavailability. This study investigated metal contamination in seagrass sediments in Hainan Island, China and illustrated how various geochemical factors impact the spatial variability of the metal concentrations.

A comprehensive study of the physiology and chemistry of tea withering based on untargeted metabolomic, transcriptomic, and biochemical analyses.

Withering is an important process for achieving high-quality flavor in tea. In this study, histological, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and biochemical analyses were combined to comprehensively explore the accumulation and molecular regulatory profiles of quality metabolites during tea withering. The results of tissue staining indicated that as the water content decreased, the vitality of the nucleus weakened, cytoplasmic content increased, flavone content decreased, and proteins degraded.

Bioactivity-Oriented Separation of "Pepper Alkaloids" from Hatusima with Potential Antigouty Arthritis Activity.

Hatusima (PsH) is a member of the genus used as food and folk medicine in China. However, the detailed chemical ingredients and potential pharmacological effects are still underexploited. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antigouty arthritis effect of the ethanolic extract of .

Integrating Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Revealed Salinity Induces Arsenobetaine Biosynthesis in Marine Medaka ().

Marine fish exhibit elevated levels of arsenobetaine (AsB), while the impact and underlying mechanism of salinity on AsB biosynthesis remain inadequately explored. In this study, marine medaka (), typically inhabiting 30‰ high salinity, were gradually acclimated to low salinities of 20, 10, and 0‰. Following acclimation, the fish were exposed to arsenate (As(V)) in their diet for 30 days.

Cadmium contamination in sediments from a mangrove wetland: Insights from lead isotopes.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution has gained significant attention in mangrove sediments due to its high toxicity and mobility. However, the sources of Cd and the factors influencing its accumulation in these sediments have remained elusive. In this study, we utilized lead (Pb) isotopic signatures for the first time to assess Cd contamination in mangrove sediments from the northern region of the Beibu Gulf.

Impact of geochemistry and microbes on the methylmercury production in mangrove sediments.

Unraveling the geochemical and microbial controls on methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in mangrove sediments is important, as MeHg can potentially pose risks to marine biota and people that rely on these ecosystems. While the important role of sulfate-reducing bacteria in MeHg formation has been examined in this ecologically important habitat, the contribution of non-Hg methylating communities on MeHg production remains particularly unclear. Here, we collected sediment samples from 13 mangrove forests in south China and examined the geochemical parameters and microbial communities related to the Hg methylation.

Biogeochemical controls on methylmercury distribution in a subtropical wetland ecosystem.

Wetlands are widely regarded as biogeochemical hotspots of mercury methylation but little is known regarding such roles of mangrove forests. Here, we examined the detailed depth profile of mercury, methylmercury, and organic matter in surface sediments within an estuarine pond at Mai Po Nature Reserve in Hong Kong, China. There is a progressive enrichment of organic matter in sites closer to mangrove forests, and methylmercury showed a significantly positive correlation with organic matter content (p < 0.

CCL5/CCR5/CYP1A1 pathway prompts liver cancer cells to survive in the combination of targeted and immunological therapies.

Combination therapy of anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved the prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but many patients still have unsatisfactory outcomes. CD8 T cells are known to exert a pivotal function in the immune response against tumors. Nevertheless, most CD8 T cells in HCC tissues are in a state of exhaustion, losing the cytotoxic activity against malignant cells.

A Brief Review of Effects of Aluminum on Marine Diatoms.

Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal element in the Earth's crust, yet it is present in trace levels in seawater. Growing evidence suggests potential effects of Al on the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and silicon (Si) in the marine environment. By accumulation, sinking, and deposition, diatoms play a center role in coupling these three elements' biocycles in the oceans.

Perovskite Probe-Based Machine Learning Imaging Model for Rapid Pathologic Diagnosis of Cancers.

Accurately distinguishing tumor cells from normal cells is a key issue in tumor diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. Fluorescence-based immunohistochemistry as the standard method faces the inherent challenges of the heterogeneity of tumor cells and the lack of big data analysis of probing images. Here, we have demonstrated a machine learning-driven imaging method for rapid pathological diagnosis of five types of cancers (breast, colon, liver, lung, and stomach) using a perovskite nanocrystal probe.

OD-MVSNet: Omni-dimensional dynamic multi-view stereo network.

Multi-view stereo based on learning is a critical task in three-dimensional reconstruction, enabling the effective inference of depth maps and the reconstruction of fine-grained scene geometry. However, the results obtained by current popular 3D reconstruction methods are not precise, and achieving high-accuracy scene reconstruction remains challenging due to the pervasive impact of feature extraction and the poor correlation between cost and volume. In addressing these issues, we propose a cascade deep residual inference network to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of multi-view stereo depth estimation.

Synergistic effect of silicon availability and salinity on metal adsorption in a common estuarine diatom.

Increasing nitrogen and phosphorus discharge and decreasing sediment input have made silicon (Si) a limiting element for diatoms in estuaries. Disturbances in nutrient structure and salinity fluctuation can greatly affect metal uptake by estuarine diatoms. However, the combined effects of Si and salinity on metal accumulation in these diatoms have not been evaluated.

Newborn concurrent hearing and genetic screening for hearing impairment: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Hearing loss is the most prevalent neurosensory disorder in humans, with significant implications for language, social and cognitive development if not diagnosed and treated early. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the rate of hearing screening pass and genetic screening failure [universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) pass/genetic failure] and to investigate the advantages of combining newborn hearing and genetic screening for newborn hearing impairment. The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to September 2023 to identify studies reporting the combination of neonatal hearing screening with genetic screening.

Correlation analysis of secondary metabolites and disease resistance activity of different varieties of Congou black tea based on LC-MS/MS and TCMSP.

To investigate the correlation between the difference of secondary metabolites and the disease-resistance activity of different varieties of Congou black tea. Among a total of 657 secondary metabolites identified, 183 metabolites had anti-disease activity, 113 were key active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), 73.22% had multiple anti-disease activities, and all were mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids.

Lactate drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic kidney disease via the H3K14la/KLF5 pathway.

High levels of urinary lactate are an increased risk of progression in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, it is still unveiled how lactate drive DKD. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is characterized by the loss of epithelial cells polarity and cell-cell adhesion, and the acquisition of mesenchymal-like phenotypes, is widely recognized a critical contributor to DKD.

Elevated lead mobility in sediments of a eutrophic drinking water reservoir during spring and summer seasons: Insights from isotopic signatures.

Lead (Pb) pollution in sediments remains a major concern for ecosystem quality due to the robust interaction at the sediment/water interface, particularly in shallow lakes. However, understanding the mechanism behind seasonal fluctuations in Pb mobility in these sediments is lacking. Here, the seasonal variability of Pb concentration and isotopic ratio were investigated in the uppermost sediments of a shallow eutrophic drinking lake located in southeast China.

Phytochemical Research and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Ethanol Extract from Anoectochilus Roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl.

Anoectochilus roxburghii is a well-known and valuable traditional Chinese herb due to various medicinal and functional benefits. In-depth investigation is necessary to discover active ingredients and expand its application. In this study, four new compounds (1-4) along with ten known compounds (5-14) were isolated from the ethanol extract of A.