Microbial Diversity and Biodegradation Mechanism of Microorganisms in the Dingtao M2 Tomb.

The Dingtao M2 tomb, the largest and best-preserved imperial "Huangchangticou" tomb in China, holds great significance for its conservation. Currently, varying degrees of microbial degradation are occurring on the surfaces of the M2 tomb. This study aimed to determine the microbial diversity of the M2 tomb and its surrounding environment during July 2021 and August 2022.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed the regulatory role of 5-azacytidine in kenaf salt stress alleviation.

Salinity stress limits agricultural production. The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-azacitidine (5-azaC), plays a role in plant abiotic stress regulation, but its molecular basis in mediating salinity tolerance in kenaf remains unclear. To investigate the effects on 5-azaC on alleviating salt stress, kenaf seedlings were pre-treated with 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM 5-azaC and then exposed to 150 mM NaCl in a nutrient solution.

Correction: Spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen D39.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s42995-024-00220-6.].

HcLEA113, a late embryogenesis abundant protein gene, positively regulates drought-stress responses in kenaf.

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins have been widely recognized for their role in various abiotic stress responses in higher plants. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism responsible for the function of LEA proteins in plants has not yet been explored. This research involved the isolation and characterization of HcLEA113 from kenaf, revealing a significant increase in its expression in response to drought stress.

Integrated physiological and metabolomic responses reveal mechanisms of Cd tolerance and detoxification in kenaf ( L.) under Cd stress.

Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic trace element that occurs in large quantities in agricultural soils. The cultivation of industrial crops with high phytoremediation potential, such as kenaf, could effectively reduce soil Cd contamination, but the mechanisms of toxicity, tolerance, and detoxification remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, the effects of different Cd concentrations (0, 100, 250, and 400 µM) on growth, biomass, Cd uptake, physiological parameters, metabolites and gene expression response of kenaf were investigated in a hydroponic experiment.

Study on biodegradation mechanism of NK-NH1 on the hull wood of the Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck.

The Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck is an ancient wooden ship in the Southern Song Dynasty. Currently, serious challenges of microbial diseases exist on the hull wood.

Spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen D39.

Unlabelled: Bacteria with functional DNA repair systems are expected to have low mutation rates due to strong natural selection for genomic stability. However, our study of the wild-type D39, a pathogen responsible for many common diseases, revealed a high spontaneous mutation rate of 0.02 per genome per cell division in mutation-accumulation (MA) lines.

Integrative analyses on the ciliates illuminate the life history evolution of soil microorganisms.

Microorganisms play a central role in sustaining soil ecosystems and agriculture, and these functions are usually associated with their complex life history. Yet, the regulation and evolution of life history have remained enigmatic and poorly understood, especially in protozoa, the third most abundant group of organisms in the soil. Here, we explore the life history of a cosmopolitan species-.

Exogenous methyl jasmonate enhanced kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) tolerance against lead (Pb) toxicity by improving antioxidant capacity and osmoregulators.

In this study, the effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on metal uptake and its ability to attenuate metal toxicity in kenaf plants under Pb stress were investigated. The experiment was conducted with five different MeJA concentrations (0, 40, 80, 160, and 320 μM) as a foilar application to kenaf plants exposed to 200 μM Pb stress. The results revealed that pretreatmen of MeJA significantly increased plant dry weight, plant height, and root architecture at all concentrations tested, with the most significant increase at 320 μM.

Morpho-physio-biochemical, molecular, and phytoremedial responses of plants to red, blue, and green light: a review.

Light is a basic requirement to drive carbon metabolism in plants and supports life on earth. Spectral quality greatly affects plant morphology, physiology, and metabolism of various biochemical pathways. Among visible light spectrum, red, blue, and green light wavelengths affect several mechanisms to contribute in plant growth and productivity.

Mitogenomic architecture and evolution of the soil ciliates .

are cosmopolitan unicellular eukaryotes primarily inhabiting soil and benefiting plant growth, but they remain one of the least understood taxa in genetics and genomics within the realm of ciliated protozoa. Here, we investigate the architecture of assembled mitogenomes of six species, using long-read sequencing and involving 36 newly isolated natural strains in total. The mitogenome sizes span from 43 to 63 kbp and typically contain 2833 protein-coding genes.

Deep eutectic solvent extraction combined with magnetic bead ligand fishing for identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Pueraria lobata.

In this study, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction combined with a magnetic bead ligand affinity analytical method was developed and used for α-glucosidase inhibitor identification from Pueraria lobata. Several critical parameters affecting the analysis performance, including the type of DES, molar ratio, water amount, pH, salt concentration, and volume of DES, were investigated. The selected analytical sample preparation conditions were as follows.

Contribution of the SOS response and the DNA repair systems to norfloxacin induced mutations in .

Unlabelled: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria severely threaten human health. Besides spontaneous mutations generated by endogenous factors, the resistance might also originate from mutations induced by certain antibiotics, such as the fluoroquinolones. Such antibiotics increase the genome-wide mutation rate by introducing replication errors from the SOS response pathway or decreasing the efficiency of the DNA repair systems.

Genetics, Genomics, and Evolution.

The ciliate genus served as one of the first model systems in microbial eukaryotic genetics, contributing much to the early understanding of phenomena as diverse as genome rearrangement, cryptic speciation, cytoplasmic inheritance, and endosymbiosis, as well as more recently to the evolution of mating types, introns, and roles of small RNAs in DNA processing. Substantial progress has recently been made in the area of comparative and population genomics. species combine some of the lowest known mutation rates with some of the largest known effective populations, along with likely very high recombination rates, thereby harboring a population-genetic environment that promotes an exceptionally efficient capacity for selection.

Functional, transcriptomic, and lipidomic studies of the gene encoding a phospholipid methyltransferase in .

This study explored the phospholipid metabolic pathway in and its relationship with fungal growth, metabolism, and pathogenicity. ChoC, based on its critical roles in many aspects of the fungus and relatively conserved characteristics in filamentous fungi with low similarity with mammalian ones, can be a novel target of new antifungal drugs.

Hierarchical prescribed-time bipartite consensus for multiple Euler-Lagrange systems with input-to-output redundancy and directed matrix-weighted signed graph.

This paper studies the prescribed-time bipartite consensus problem for multiple Euler-Lagrange systems (MELSs) under directed matrix-weighted signed graph, in which input-to-output redundancy, external disturbances and uncertain dynamic terms have been taken into consideration. Firstly, this paper proposes the prescribed-time hierarchical control (PTHC) algorithm to tackle the aforesaid issue. It is worth pointing out that the convergence time can be arbitrarily prescribed based on actual engineering needs.

Intercropping of kenaf and soybean affects plant growth, antioxidant capacity, and uptake of cadmium and lead in contaminated mining soil.

Intercropping is considered a sustainable agricultural practice that can reduce the environmental impacts on agriculture. Our study investigated the morphology, physiology, and cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) uptake of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.

De Novo Structural Variations of Escherichia coli Detected by Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing.

Spontaneous mutations power evolution, whereas large-scale structural variations (SVs) remain poorly studied, primarily because of the lack of long-read sequencing techniques and powerful analytical tools. Here, we explore the SVs of Escherichia coli by running 67 wild-type (WT) and 37 mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient (ΔmutS) mutation accumulation lines, each experiencing more than 4,000 cell divisions, by applying Nanopore long-read sequencing and Illumina PE150 sequencing and verifying the results by Sanger sequencing. In addition to precisely repeating previous mutation rates of base-pair substitutions and insertion and deletion (indel) mutation rates, we do find significant improvement in insertion and deletion detection using long-read sequencing.

Dietary fish oil improves autistic behaviors and gut homeostasis by altering the gut microbial composition in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited intellectual disability, caused by a lack of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders frequently experience gastrointestinal problems that are primarily linked to gut microbial dysbiosis, inflammation, and increased intestinal permeability. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) are non-pharmacological agents that exert potential therapeutic effects against neurological disorders.

Physiological and DNA methylation analysis provides epigenetic insights into kenaf cadmium tolerance heterosis.

Soil heavy metal pollution is one of the most challenging problems. Kenaf is an important natural fiber crop with strong heterosis and a higher tolerance to heavy metals. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of kenaf heavy metal tolerance, especially the mechanism of genomic DNA methylation regulating heterosis.

A Retrospective Study to Evaluate the Role of Dynamic Fracture Mobility in the Conservative Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Objective: To investigate whether dynamic fracture mobility could affect the outcome of conservative treatment in patients with acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).

Methods: A total of 158 patients who underwent conservative treatment in our hospital for painful OVCFs were included in this study and their data were retrospectively analyzed. According to the degree of pain relief, patients were divided into an excellent efficacy group and a poor efficacy group.