In vitro inhibitory activity of indole alkaloid derivatives against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus that can cause acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality of newborn piglets, leading to huge economic losses to the world pig industry. Given the limited efficacy of current PEDV vaccines, there is an urgent need for the development of antiviral drugs. In this study, the antiviral effects of 17 synthesized indole alkaloid derivatives against PEDV were investigated.

The Relationship Between Mental Health Literacy and Social Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study in China.

In this study, 793 college students were examined through the utilization of the socioeconomic status scale, mental health literacy scale, and social well-being questionnaire at T1 and T2, respectively, with the aim of exploring the relationship between mental health literacy and social well-being and the relative static and dynamic development of the two. The results indicated that mental health literacy was significantly and positively correlated with social well-being to a moderate extent (T1: = 0.31; T2: = 0.

PI3K/Akt pathway-mediated enhancement of bone and vascular regeneration by gelatin/hyaluronic acid/exosome composite scaffold in bone tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering (TE) is commonly suggested as a promising remedy for the worldwide shortage of organ donors required for transplantation. Scholars are investigating organic and biocompatible materials as the principal options for regeneration to replicate the natural extracellular matrix. Hydrogels exhibit swift gel formation and outstanding biocompatibility, thus presenting considerable promise in tissue regeneration.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves salinity stress tolerance in soybean seedlings by modulating their mineral nutrition, osmolyte contents, and ascorbate-glutathione cycle.

Background: In plants, GABA plays a critical role in regulating salinity stress tolerance. However, the response of soybean seedlings (Glycine max L.) to exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) under saline stress conditions has not been fully elucidated.

Brain Source Localization and Functional Connectivity in Group Identity Regulation of Overbidding in Contest.

Contests may be highly effective in eliciting high levels of effort, but they also carry the risk of inefficient resource allocation due to excessive effort (overbidding), squandering valuable social resources. While a growing body of research has focused on how group identity exacerbates out-group conflict, its influence on in-group conflict remains relatively unexplored. This study endeavors to explore the impact of group identity on conflicts within and between groups in competitive environments, thereby addressing gaps in the current research landscape and dissecting the involved neurobiological mechanisms.

Group membership modulates the hold-up problem: an event-related potentials and oscillations study.

This paper investigates the neural mechanism that underlies the effect of group identity on hold-up problems. The behavioral results indicated that the investment rate among members of the in-group was significantly higher than that of the out-group. In comparison to the NoChat treatment, the Chat treatment resulted in significantly lower offers for both in-group and out-group members.

The characteristics and alteration of peripheral immune function in patients with multiple system atrophy.

Objective: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a degenerative disease. Immune dysfunction found to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease in the literature, while the characteristics of peripheral immune function remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and alterations of peripheral immune function in patients with MSA.

Group identity modulates bidding behavior in repeated lottery contest: neural signatures from event-related potentials and electroencephalography oscillations.

A contest usually involves expenditures, termed "overbidding," exceeding the theoretical Nash equilibrium. A considerable number of studies have shown that group identity can affect decision-making and competitive behavior, thus providing a new perspective on alleviating the overbidding problem. How group identity influences brain activity when competitors bid in different groups is not yet clear, however.

Bacterial meningitis in children with an abnormal craniocerebral structure.

Background: We studied the causative pathogens, clinical characteristics, and outcome of bacterial meningitis in children with an abnormal craniocerebral structure.

Methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted on children aged in the range of 29 days to 14 years by using data obtained from the pediatric intensive care unit in Shengjing Hospital between January 2014 and August 2021. All children were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.

CaCl treatment effectively delays postharvest senescence of passion fruit.

This study aimed to systematically investigate the changes in peel color, physicochemical characteristics, textural properties, and peel ultrastructure between CaCl-treated and water-soaked passion fruit under short-term storage at room temperature (20 °C) for eight days. The fruit peel was further analyzed and compared for the differences in calmodulin (CaM) gene expression between the two groups. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis.

Enhanced decomplexation of Cu-EDTA and simultaneous removal of Cu(II) by electron beam irradiation accompanied with autocatalytic fenton-like reaction: Synergistic performance and mechanism.

Widely existing heavy metal complexes with high stability and poor biodegradability are intractable to be eliminated by conventional methods. In this study, electron beam (EB) irradiation characterized by rapidly producing strong oxidizing radicals was employed to effectively decompose Cu-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cu-EDTA) with almost complete elimination at 5 kGy. In terms of heavy metal removal, EB irradiation at relatively low doses was insufficient to remove copper ions, which was only 17.

Exploration of immune infiltration and feature genes in viral hepatitis-associated liver fibrosis using transcriptome data.

Background: Immune cells play an essential role in virus-induced liver fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we systematically explored immune cell infiltration and feature genes to provide new insights into viral hepatitis-associated liver fibrosis.

Melatonin treatment improves postharvest quality and regulates reactive oxygen species metabolism in "Feizixiao" litchi based on principal component analysis.

Postharvest quality of litchi reduces rapidly during storage at room temperature. This study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin treatment on postharvest quality and oxidative stress markers of litchi fruit during cold storage. The "Feizixiao" litchi was treated with melatonin solution concentrations of 0.

Prognosis and Risk Factors of Recurrence in HBV-Related Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy.

Objective: The role of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for treating small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) has gained increasing recognition. However, the prognosis and risk factors for recurrence in patients with sHCC remain unclear. This study investigated the risk factors for the recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related sHCC after SBRT.

Self-assembled iRGD-R7-LAHP-M nanoparticle induced sufficient singlet oxygen and enhanced tumor penetration immunological therapy.

The generation of singlet oxygen (O) using photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited by the hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment and the depth of external light penetration because it depends on the precise cooperation between the photosensitizers, oxygen, and light. Herein, we report a self-sufficient O nanoreactor with enhanced penetration into deep tumors for cancer therapy. Linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHP) is coordinated with transition metal ions (Cu/Fe) to prepare linoleic acid hydroperoxide metal complex nanoparticles (LAHP-M NPs).

A Multicenter Real-World Study Evaluating the Hepatoprotective Effect of Polyene Phosphatidylcholine Against Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background: Polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) has been widely used to treat liver diseases in China. However, there is a lack of post-marketing evidence demonstrating its liver-protective efficiency among patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study analyzed the multicenter real-world data to compare the effectiveness of PPC with those of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (IsoMag) and glutathione (GSH) in patients with liver injury.

Resistant-Associated Substitutions Do Not Affect HCV RNA and HCV Core Antigen Clearance During Direct-Acting Antiviral Agent Treatment in a Real-World Setting.

Background: Since oral direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) became available, the global hepatitis C treatment situation has undergone tremendous changes. However there are still many issues worthy of attention in treatment.

Methods: We selected 53 HCV-infected patients who were treated and followed up in the Peking University First Hospital from December 2017 to January 2021 to detect the RASs in HCV.

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the LTPJ shifts the agent's behaviors in repeated hold-up game.

The Hold-up problem is very common in transactions with specific investment in incomplete contractual relationships, which is affected by human trusting, cooperative, altruistic behavior. Recent neuroscience studies have shown that TPJ plays an important role in social cognition and prosocial decision-making. However, most of the studies have focused on RTPJ in the right hemisphere, while few studies have focused on LTPJ in the left hemisphere.

Dynamics of Hepatitis B Virus Pregenomic RNA in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Antiviral Therapy Over 9 Years.

Serum hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA (HBV pgRNA) is a potential biomarker that is correlated with covalently closed circular DNA. The long-term dynamics of HBV pgRNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B need to be explored. One hundred naïve nucleos(t)ide analog-treated patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled to analyze the dynamics of HBV pgRNA over 9 years.

Evaluation of the association of a variant in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 with fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection after eradication: A retrospective study.

The relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409, transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, and membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) rs641738 with outcomes in patients with hepatitis C infection (HCV) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and MBOAT7 with the baseline fibrosis stage and progression of liver fibrosis after HCV eradication with direct antiviral agents (DAAs). A total of 171 patients who received the DAAs at the Peking University First Hospital between June 2015 and June 2020 were included in the retrospective cohort.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Unravels Distinct Peripheral Blood Immune Cell Signatures of RRMS and MOG Antibody-Associated Disease.

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Due to the shared clinical manifestations, detection of disease-specific serum antibody of the two diseases is currently considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis; however, the serum antibody levels are unpredictable during different stages of the two diseases. Herein, peripheral blood single-cell transcriptome was used to unveil distinct immune cell signatures of the two diseases, with the aim to provide predictive discrimination.

Antibiotics in urine of the general population: Exposure, health risk assessment, and food factors.

Diet is known to be one of the main sources from which human intake many environmental contaminants, for example, antibiotics. To determine the effect of dietary factors on antibiotic intake, we identified the levels of antibiotics present in the urine of the general population from two regions of Shanghai. Moreover, we assessed the amount of exposure to these substances and the health risks they posed.

High levels of soluble programmed death-1 are associated with virological response in chronic hepatitis B patients after antiviral treatment.

Background: Soluble programmed cell death protein-1 (sPD-1) plays an important role in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by counteracting the inhibitory effect of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on immune cells. Here, we investigated the ability of sPD-1 to predict the virological response (VR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients undergoing Nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy.

Methods: CHB patients [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive ≥6 months] who initiated NA therapy in March 2007 at Peking University First Hospital (China) were enrolled in this study.

The Clinical Characteristics of Fever-Ward Pediatric Patients with a Definite Epidemiological History During the Early COVID-19 Epidemic Period.

Objective: The number of children presenting with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is increasing, and we aimed to assess the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with a definite epidemiological history during the early COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of children admitted to the fever ward of Xiangyang Central Hospital in Hubei province between January 1, 2020 and March 17, 2020. According to definite epidemiological history, patients with SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test (NAT) positive detection were grouped as confirmed cases, and patients with two consecutive negative NATs were grouped as suspected cases.

Soluble programmed death-1 is predictive of hepatitis B surface antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients after antiviral treatment.

Background: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss, a functional cure in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) undergoing antiviral therapy, might be an ideal endpoint of antiviral treatment in clinical practice. The factors that contribute to the functional cure remain unclear, and the predictors of functional cure are worth exploring. The concentration and kinetics of soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1) in patients with CHB may play an important role in elucidating the immune response associated with functional cure after nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy.