Solid-State Electrolytes and Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in Rechargeable Batteries.

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to the high safety, high energy density and wide operating temperature range of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) they use. Unfortunately, the practical application of SSEs has rarely been successful, which is largely attributed to the low chemical stability and ionic conductivity, ineluctable solid-solid interface issues including limited ion transport channels, high energy barriers, and poor interface contact. A comprehensive understanding of ion transport mechanisms of various SSEs, interactions between fillers and polymer matrixes and the role of the interface in SSBs are indispensable for rational design and performance optimization of novel electrolytes.

Profibrotic COVID-19 subphenotype exhibits enhanced localized ER-dependent HSP47 expression in cardiac myofibroblasts in situ.

We recently described a subgroup of autopsied COVID-19 subjects (∼40%), termed 'profibrotic phenotype,' who exhibited clusters of myofibroblasts (Mfbs), which were positive for the collagen-specific chaperone heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in situ. This report identifies increased, localized (hot spot restricted) expression of αSMA, COLα1, POSTN and FAP supporting the identity of HSP47 cells as myofibroblasts and characterizing a profibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) phenotype. Coupled with increased GRP78 in COVID-19 subjects, these data could reflect induction of the unfolded protein response for mitigation of proteostasis (i.

Tuning Intrinsic Spin Hall Effect in Platinum/Ferrimagnetic Insulator Heterostructure in Moderately Dirty Regime.

Studying the mechanisms of the spin Hall effect (SHE) is essential for the fundamental understanding of spintronic physics. By now, despite the intensive studies of SHE on heavy metal (HM)/metallic magnet heterostructures, the SHE on HM/ferrimagnetic insulator (FMI) heterostructures still remains elusive. Here, we study the mechanism of SHE in the Pt/Tm3Fe5O12 (TmIG) heterostructure.

Ultra-broadband 1 × 2 3 dB power splitter using a thin-film lithium niobate from 1.2 to 2 µm wave band.

The 3 dB power splitters are fundamental building blocks for integrated photonic devices. As data capacity requirements continue to rise, there is a growing interest in integrated devices that can accommodate multiple spectral bands, including the conventional O-, C-, and L-bands, and the emerging 2 µm band. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a 3 dB power splitter based on adiabatic mode evolution using a thin-film lithium niobate, with ultra-broadband operation bandwidth from 1200 to 2100 nm.

A pneumonectomy model to study flow-induced pulmonary hypertension and compensatory lung growth.

In newborns, developmental disorders such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and specific types of congenital heart disease (CHD) can lead to defective alveolarization, pulmonary hypoplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therapeutic options for these patients are limited, emphasizing the need for new animal models representative of disease conditions. In most adult mammals, compensatory lung growth (CLG) occurs after pneumonectomy; however, the underlying relationship between CLG and flow-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not fully understood.

Oxygen Defect Engineering Promotes Synergy Between Adsorbate Evolution and Single Lattice Oxygen Mechanisms of OER in Transition Metal-Based (oxy)Hydroxide.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of transition metal (TM)-based (oxy)hydroxide is dominated by the number and nature of surface active sites, which are generally considered to be TM atoms occupying less than half of surface sites, with most being inactive oxygen atoms. Herein, based on an in situ competing growth strategy of bimetallic ions and OH ions, a facile one-step method is proposed to modulate oxygen defects in NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH)/FeOOH heterostructure, which may trigger the single lattice oxygen mechanism (sLOM). Interestingly, by only varying the addition of H O , one can simultaneously regulate the concentration of oxygen defects, the valence of metal sites, and the ratio of components.

Leveraging machine learning to create user-friendly models to mitigate appointment failure at dental school clinics.

Purpose/objectives: This study had a twofold outcome. The first aim was to develop an efficient, machine learning (ML) model using data from a dental school clinic (DSC) electronic health record (EHR). This model identified patients with a high likelihood of failing an appointment and provided a user-friendly system with a rating score that would alert clinicians and administrators of patients at high risk of no-show appointments.

Diagnostic Value and Clinical Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Infections in Critically Ill Patients.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for infections in critically ill patients.

Methods: Comparison of diagnostic performance of mNGS and conventional microbiological testing for pathogens was analyzed in 234 patients. The differences between immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in mNGS-guided anti-infective treatment adjustment were also analyzed.

The accuracy of cortical bone trajectory screw placement guided by spinous process clamp hardware in lumbar spinal surgery: a retrospective study.

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws placement guided by a spinous process clamp (SPC) guide. A total of 32 patients who received single-level midline lumbar fusion (MIDLF) surgery between June 2019 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into free-hand (FH) and SPC-guided groups according to the surgical approach. In the FH group, CBT screws was implanted with the assistance of fluoroscopy, while in the SPC group, CBT screws was implanted using the SPC navigator hardwire.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Pediatric Feeding Disorder in Children with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: The exact prevalence of feeding problems in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is unknown. Pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) encompasses poor oral intake with associated medical, nutrition, psychosocial, or feeding skill dysfunction. We hypothesized that PFD is common in CF and aimed to categorize feeding dysfunction across various domains in children with CF.

Which clinical factors and biochemical parameters are associated with late-life major depression?

Introduction: Late-life major depression (MD) is a frequent and high-cost psychiatric disorder. Our purpose was to detect clinical and biological factors possibly associated with this condition to better prevent and treat it.

Methods: We recruited 343 patients, consecutively admitted for a Major Depressive Episode to the inpatient clinic of Policlinico of Milan and ASST Monza, Italy.

Proteomic signaling of dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) in Alzheimer's disease.

DUSP4 is a member of the DUSP (Dual-Specificity Phosphatase) subfamily that is selective to the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and has been implicated in a range of biological processes and functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we utilized stereotactic delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-DUSP4 to overexpress DUSP4 in the dorsal hippocampus of 5×FAD and wildtype (WT) mice, then used mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics along with label-free quantification to profile the proteome and phosphoproteome in the hippocampus. We identified patterns of protein expression and phosphorylation that are modulated in 5×FAD mice and examined the sex-specific impact of DUSP4 overexpression on the 5×FAD proteome/phosphoproteome.

Interlayer Coupling in Anisotropic/Isotropic Van der Waals Heterostructures of ReS and WS.

Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are composed of atomically thin layers assembled through weak (vdW) force, which have opened a new era for integrating materials with distinct properties and specific applications. However, few studies have focused on whether and how anisotropic materials affect heterostructure system. The study introduces anisotropic and isotropic materials in a heterojunction system to change the in-plane symmetry, offering a new degree of freedom for modulating its properties.

Fabricating a type II heterojunction by growing lead-free perovskite CsAgBiBr on graphite-like g-CN nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic CO reduction.

Perovskite-based photocatalysts have received significant attention for converting CO into fuels, such as CO, CH or long alkyl chains. However, the use of these catalysts is plagued by several limitations, such as poor stability, lead toxicity, and inadequate conversion efficiency due to the rapid recombination of carriers. Herein, a g-CN@CsAgBiBr (CABB) type II heterojunction photocatalyst has been prepared by growing lead-free CABB nanocrystals (10-14 nm) on the graphite-like carbon nitride (g-CN) nanosheet using the crystallization method.

Design of Fourier ptychographic illuminator for single full-FOV reconstruction.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a spatial-temporal-modulation high-throughput imaging technique via a sequential angle-varied LED illumination. Therefore, the illuminator is one of the key components and the design of this illuminator is significant. However, because of the property of spherical wave, partial coherence, and aperture-induced vignetting, the acquired images must be processed in blocks first, and rely on parallel reconstruction via a graphics processing unit (GPU).

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy combined with immunotherapy for microsatellite stable ultra-low rectal cancer (CHOICE II): study protocol of a multicentre prospective randomised clinical trial.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) could bring tumour shrinking and downstaging and increase the probability of organ preservation for patients with low rectal cancer. But for ultra-low rectal cancer, there is little possibility for organ preservation. Immunotherapy has been shown to have significant survival benefits in microsatellite instability-high patients but poor response in microsatellite stable (MSS) patients.

Obesity-Related Biomarkers Are Associated With Exercise Intolerance and HFpEF.

Background: Obesity and adiposity are associated with an increased risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF); yet, specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We sought to examine the association of obesity-related biomarkers including adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin), inflammatory markers (CRP [C-reactive protein], IL-6 [interleukin-6]), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with HFpEF status, exercise capacity, and cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: We studied 509 consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% and chronic dyspnea, who underwent clinically indicated cardiopulmonary exercise test with invasive hemodynamic monitoring between 2006 and 2017.

Effects of Sample Dilution on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Derived Metabolic Profiles of Human Urine.

Traditionally, a relatively big urine volume (e.g., 500 μL) is used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based human metabolomics, which is not feasible for studies with limited/precious samples.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics and Risk of CKD.

Rationale & Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to lipid and metabolic abnormalities, but a comprehensive investigation of lipids, lipoprotein particles, and circulating metabolites associated with the risk of CKD has been lacking. We examined the associations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics data with CKD risk in the UK Biobank study.

Study Design: Observational cohort study.

Cumulative social disadvantage and health-related quality of life: national health interview survey 2013-2017.

Background: Evidence for the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is largely based on single SDoH measures, with limited evaluation of cumulative social disadvantage. We examined the association between cumulative social disadvantage and the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex).

Methods: Using adult data from the National Health Interview Survey (2013-2017), we created a cumulative disadvantage index by aggregating 47 deprivations across 6 SDoH domains.

Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) overexpression reduces amyloid load and improves memory deficits in male 5xFAD mice.

Background: Dual specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) was recently identified as a key hub gene in a causal network that regulates late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, decreased DUSP6 levels are correlated with an increased clinical dementia rating in human subjects, and DUSP6 levels are additionally decreased in the 5xFAD amyloidopathy mouse model.

Methods: AAV5-DUSP6 or AAV5-GFP (control) were stereotactically injected into the dorsal hippocampus (dHc) of female and male 5xFAD or wild type mice to overexpress DUSP6 or GFP.