Challenges in the management of ocular snake-bite injuries.

Ocular snake-bite injuries are quite rare away from natural habitats. However, when exotic animals are kept in captivity, the injuries sustained and their management can pose challenges when they present to their local eye department. This report describes an atypical eye injury inflicted by a python and its successful management involving surgical, laser and medical interventions.

Advances in cataract surgery.

Cataract surgery is a technique described since recorded history, yet it has greatly evolved only in the latter half of the past century. The development of the intraocular lens and phacoemulsification as a technique for cataract removal could be considered as the two most significant strides that have been made in this surgical field. This review takes a comprehensive look at all aspects of cataract surgery, starting from patient selection through the process of consent, anaesthesia, biometry, lens power calculation, refractive targeting, phacoemulsification, choice of intraocular lens and management of complications, such as posterior capsular opacification, as well as future developments.

Refractive effect of reversed implantation of angled-haptic lens implants.

Background: To study the refractive effect of reversed implantation of intraocular lenses.

Methods: Trigonometric calculations were used to calculate the extent of forward displacement of the optic for various lens designs available commercially. The SRK formula was used to estimate the relationship of axial length to the refractive power of the eye, with other variables remaining constant.

The relationship of Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) to Thinnest Central Cornea (TCC) in healthy adults.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to precisely quantify the relationship between the central corneal points, namely the pupillary centre and the thinnest point in the central cornea, in terms of their thickness and location in healthy adults.

Methods: 120 eyes of 60 healthy adult volunteers underwent pachymetry with a Scheimpflug imaging system (Pentacam). The thickness at the pupillary centre (Central Corneal Thickness, CCT) and the thickness at the Thinnest Central Corneal (TCC) point were measured.

Complex visual hallucinations (Charles Bonnet syndrome) in the hemianopic visual field following occipital infarction.

Charles Bonnet syndrome is characterised by the occurrence of complex visual hallucinations in the presence of normal cognition in elderly individuals. It commonly happens following conditions where there has been a profound loss of vision or interruption of visual input into the occipital cortex. It is important to distinguish this largely innocuous condition from psychiatric conditions that exist in the same age group.

Unusual presentation of Amsler's sign in Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis.

Hyphema occurring after ocular paracentesis has been described as a classic feature of Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis (FHU) (Amsler's sign). We describe a case of hyphema occurring after peribulbar anesthesia in a patient with FHU. The bleeding occurred before the surgery began.

Interpreting binasal hemianopia: the importance of ocular examination.

Binasal hemianopia is a rare neurological finding. Interpreting this can be challenging, especially in the absence of pathology on neuroimaging. As with other types of neurological visual field defects, there can be ocular causes.