Association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and mortality following COVID-19 among patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Recent research suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients; however, research into their benefits for elderly Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients remains limited.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between SSRIs therapy and the mortality risk after COVID-19 infection in elderly patients with and without AD.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study leveraged a large database containing over 100 million electronic health records in the US from the TriNetX platform to compare the hazard rates of mortality after COVID-19 infection in elderly AD patients prescribed SSRIs versus propensity-score matched individuals prescribed other antidepressants.

Associations of semaglutide with first-time diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: Target trial emulation using nationwide real-world data in the US.

Introduction: Emerging preclinical evidence suggests that semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, protects against neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. However, real-world evidence for its ability to protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD) is lacking.

Methods: We conducted emulation target trials based on a nationwide database of electronic health records (EHRs) of 116 million US patients.

Association of Semaglutide With Tobacco Use Disorder in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes : Target Trial Emulation Using Real-World Data.

Background: Reports of reduced desire to smoke in patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, have raised interest about its potential benefit for tobacco use disorders (TUDs).

Objective: To examine the association of semaglutide with TUD-related health care measures in patients with comorbid T2DM and TUD.

Design: Emulation target trial based on a nationwide population-based database of patient electronic health records.

Associations of semaglutide with incidence and recurrence of alcohol use disorder in real-world population.

Alcohol use disorders are among the top causes of the global burden of disease, yet therapeutic interventions are limited. Reduced desire to drink in patients treated with semaglutide has raised interest regarding its potential therapeutic benefits for alcohol use disorders. In this retrospective cohort study of electronic health records of 83,825 patients with obesity, we show that semaglutide compared with other anti-obesity medications is associated with a 50%-56% lower risk for both the incidence and recurrence of alcohol use disorder for a 12-month follow-up period.

Association of semaglutide with reduced incidence and relapse of cannabis use disorder in real-world populations: a retrospective cohort study.

Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States with more than 45 million users of whom one-third suffer from a cannabis use disorder (CUD). Despite its high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved medications for CUD. Patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) approved for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) and for weight management have reported reduced desire to drink and smoke.

Liver abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age.

Objective: Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere, cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young children. While the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects, we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development of subsequent liver abnormalities.

Design: We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified, aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare organisations.

Risk for diagnosis or treatment of mood or anxiety disorders in adults after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2020-2022.

COVID-19 is associated with increased risks for mood or anxiety disorders, but it remains uncertain how the association evolves over time or which patient groups are most affected. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide database of electronic health records to determine the risk of depressive or anxiety disorder diagnoses after SARS-CoV-2 infection by 3-month blocks from January 2020 to April 2022. The study population comprised 822,756 patients (51.

Time trend and seasonality in medically attended respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in US children aged 0-5 years, January 2010-January 2023.

Objective: The long-term time trend and seasonality variations of first-time medically attended respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among young children are unknown. We aim to examine the time trend of medically attended first-time RSV infections among young children in the USA from January 2010 through January 2023.

Design: This is a population-based cohort study using electronic health records (EHRs).

Association of COVID-19 with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in children aged 0-5 years in the USA in 2022: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate whether COVID-19 infection was associated with increased risk for incident respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections and associated diseases among young children that might have contributed to the 2022 surge of severe paediatric RSV cases in the USA.

Design: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study. Five outcomes were examined, including overall RSV infection, positive lab test-confirmed RSV infection, clinically diagnosed RSV diseases, RSV-associated bronchiolitis and unspecified bronchiolitis.

Liver abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children under 10 years of age.

Objective: Beginning in October 2021 in the US and elsewhere, cases of severe pediatric hepatitis of unknown etiology were identified in young children. While the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading etiologic suspects, we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development of subsequent liver abnormalities.

Design: We conducted a study utilizing retrospective cohorts of de-identified, aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US health care organizations.

Cardiac and mortality outcome differences between methadone, buprenorphine and naltrexone prescriptions in patients with an opioid use disorder.

Importance: More than 109,000 Americans died of drug overdose in 2022, with 81,231 overdose deaths involving opioids. Methadone, buprenorphine and naltrexone are the most widely used medications for opioid use disorders (MOUD) and the most effective intervention for preventing overdose deaths. However, there is a concern that methadone results in long QT syndrome, which increases the risk for fatal cardiac arrythmias.

Ischemic stroke after COVID-19 bivalent vaccine administration in patients aged 65 years and older: analysis of nation-wide patient electronic health records in the United States.

Importance: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced in January 2023 that they were investigating a potential connection between administration of the Pfizer novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) bivalent vaccine booster and ischemic stroke (IS).

Objective: To explore the relationship between Pfizer bivalent booster administration and IS in older patients in the United States and compare it to other COVID-19 vaccines.

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare hazard of IS among patients aged 65 years or over who received the Pfizer bivalent, Moderna bivalent, or Pfizer/Moderna monovalent COVID-19 booster vaccine 1-21 and 22-42 days after vaccination.

Repurposing ketamine to treat cocaine use disorder: integration of artificial intelligence-based prediction, expert evaluation, clinical corroboration and mechanism of action analyses.

Background And Aims: Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a significant public health issue for which there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medication. Drug repurposing looks for new cost-effective uses of approved drugs. This study presents an integrated strategy to identify repurposed FDA-approved drugs for CUD treatment.

Association of Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection With New-Onset Alcohol Use Disorder, January 2020 Through January 2022.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic affects many diseases, including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). As the pandemic evolves, understanding the association of a new diagnosis of AUD with COVID-19 over time is required to mitigate negative consequences.

Objective: To examine the association of COVID-19 infection with new diagnosis of AUD over time from January 2020 through January 2022.