Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of substance use disorders: a promising approach requiring caution.

Substance use disorders are prevalent, causing extensive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidence-based treatments are of low to moderate effect size. Growth in the neurobiological understanding of addiction (e.

Comparison of Monopolar Review to Fixed Parameter Fractionation in Deep Brain Stimulation.

Background: Technological advancements in deep brain stimulation (DBS) require methodological changes in programming. Fractionalization poses significant practical challenges for the most common approach for assessing DBS efficacy, monopolar review (MR).

Objectives: Two DBS programming methods: MR and fixed parameter vertical and horizontal fractionalization (FPF) were compared.

Using a Robotic-Assisted Approach for Stereotactic Laser Ablation Corpus Callosotomy: A Technical Report.

Background: Corpus callosotomy for medically intractable epilepsy is an effective ablative procedure traditionally achieved using either standard open craniotomy or with less-invasive approaches. Advances in robotic-assisted stereotactic guidance for neurosurgery can be applied for LITT for corpus callosotomy.

Clinical Presentations: Two patients were included in this study.

Coronal Gradient Echo MRI to Visualize the Zona Incerta for Deep Brain Stimulation Targeting in Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation of the zona incerta is effective at treating tremor and other forms of parkinsonism. However, the structure is not well visualized with standard MRI protocols making direct surgical targeting unfeasible and contributing to inconsistent clinical outcomes. In this study, we applied coronal gradient echo MRI to directly visualize the rostral zona incerta in Parkinson's disease patients to improve targeting for deep brain stimulation.

Intracellular localization and interaction of mRNA binding proteins as detected by FRET.

Background: A number of RNA binding proteins (BPs) bind to A+U rich elements (AREs), commonly present within 3'UTRs of highly regulated RNAs. Individual RNA-BPs proteins can modulate RNA stability, RNA localization, and/or translational efficiency. Although biochemical studies have demonstrated selectivity of ARE-BPs for individual RNAs, less certain is the in vivo composition of RNA-BP multiprotein complexes and how their composition is affected by signaling events and intracellular localization.