Inhibiting Janus Kinases (JAK) is a crucial therapeutic strategy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the use of JAK inhibitors has recently raised serious safety concerns. The study aims to evaluate the safety profile of JAKi in patients with RA and identify potential risk factors (RFs) for adverse events (AEs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe course of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is highly variable and different from continuously progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Most proposed definitions of progressive pulmonary fibrosis or SSc-ILD severity are based on the research data from patients with IPF and are not validated for patients with SSc-ILD. Our study aimed to gather the current evidence for severity, progression and outcomes of SSc-ILD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is the bioactive form of uPAR, a membrane-bound glycoprotein, and it is primarily expressed on the surface of immunologically active cells. Mirroring local inflammation and immune activation, suPAR has gained interest as a potential prognostic biomarker in several inflammatory diseases. Indeed, in many diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and inflammatory disorders, higher suPAR concentrations have been associated with disease severity, disease relapse, and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Calprotectin (CLP) is a heterodimeric complex formed by two S100 proteins (S100A8/A9), which plays a pivotal role in innate immunity. Due to its intrinsic cytotoxic and proinflammatory properties, CLP controls cell differentiation, proliferation and NETosis and has been associated with a wide range of rheumatic diseases. Our review summarizes the widespread interest in circulating CLP (cCLP) as a biomarker of neutrophil-related inflammation, in autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD) and non-ARD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe four Janus kinase (JAK) proteins and the seven Signal Transducers of Activated Transcription (STAT) mediate intracellular signal transduction downstream of cytokine receptors, which are involved in the pathology of allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. The development of targeted small-molecule treatments with diverse selective inhibitory profiles, such as JAK inhibitors (JAKi), has supported an important change in the treatment of multiple disorders. Indeed, JAKi inhibit intracellular signalling controlled by numerous cytokines implicated in the disease process of rheumatoid arthritis and several other inflammatory and immune diseases.
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