Effect of Tirzepatide on Body Weight and Diabetes Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity.

Objective: To determine the effect of tirzepatide on weight, diabetes control, and insulin requirements, and its safety profile in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and overweight or obesity.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of adults with T1D using tirzepatide for overweight/obesity treatment between June 1, 2022, and October 31, 2023, at Mayo Clinic. Fifty-one patients fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria (adults with established T1D diagnosis and a body mass index ≥27 kg/m using tirzepatide for 3 months or longer and without a history of bariatric surgery or active malignancy).

Beyond the Schoolyard: The Contributions of Parenting Logics, Financial Resources, and Social Institutions to the Social Class Gap in Structured Activity Participation.

We investigate cultural and structural sources of class differences in youth activity participation with interview, survey, and archival data. We find working- and middle-class parents overlap in parenting logics about participation, though differ in one respect: middle-class parents are concerned with children's involvement in activities, while working-class parents are concerned with safety and social mobility for children through participation. Second, because of financial constraints, working-class families rely on social institutions for participation opportunities, but few are available.

The Neighborhood Contexts in Which Low-Income Families Navigate Welfare Reform: Evidence from the Three-City Study.

We investigate the neighborhood contexts in which low-income families negotiate the new environment created by welfare reform. Using data from the Three-City Study and U.S.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEIGHBORHOOD RACIAL CONCENTRATION AND VERBAL ABILITY: AN INVESTIGATION USING THE INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES MODEL.

Relatively few studies examine the relationship between racial residential segregation and educational or cognitive outcomes. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and the institutional resources model of neighborhood effects, I investigate one account of how macrostructural arrangements between race, neighborhood segregation, and school quality interact to produce inequalities in test scores. Consistent with the institutional resources model, results suggest that school quality varies across neighborhoods based, in part, on their degree of racial concentration.

Whole-body to tissue concentration ratios for use in biota dose assessments for animals.

Environmental monitoring programs often measure contaminant concentrations in animal tissues consumed by humans (e.g., muscle).

Brain integrity and cerebral atrophy in Vietnam combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with decreased hippocampal volume, but the relationship between trauma and brain morphology in the absence of PTSD is less clear. In this study, measures of brain integrity were determined by estimating gray and white matter regional brain volumes using structural magnetic resonance imaging in six patients with PTSD and in five controls with comparable trauma exposure but without clinical evidence of PTSD. The only statistically significant volume difference between groups was observed multivariately in the white matter of the right temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, white-matter stem, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus), although small sample sizes limit the power to detect between-group differences.

Comparison of chloroform-methanol-extracted and solvent-free triglyceride determinations in four fish species.

Lipids, including triglycerides, are important variables in fish bioenergetics and can be used to estimate overall fish condition. Triglycerides are the major energy storage form in fish and therefore are a more ecologically and physiologically relevant measure of bioenergetics than total lipids. Chloroform-methanol-extracted total body lipids (Bligh and Dyer) and total body triglycerides determined in chloroform-methanol extracts and unextracted whole-body fractions were measured in four fish species: northern pike Esox lucius, burbot Lota lota, slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus, and spottail shiners Notropis hudsonius.

Bioenergetics and growth of young-of the-year northern pike (Esox lucius) and burbot (Lota lota) exposed to metal mining effluent.

We hypothesized that exposure to metal mining effluent would reduce the ability of young-of-the-year fishes to accumulate energy reserves to survive the overwinter period (known as "winter stress syndrome") in a Canadian boreal forest watershed. Northern pike (Esox lucius) and burbot (Lota lota) were collected immediately before and after winter from a reference lake and two lakes receiving effluent. Unexpectedly, total body lipid and triglyceride, and liver triglyceride levels were greater in effluent-exposed pike and burbot in both fall and spring.

Larval deformities associated with selenium accumulation in northern pike (Esox lucius) exposed to metal mining effluent.

The objective of this study was to investigate selenium toxicosis in larval northern pike (Esox lucius) originating from reproductively mature pike collected downstream of a uranium milling operation in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Eggs were obtained from female pike collected from a reference site and three sites representing an exposure gradient (approximately 2, 10, and 15 km downstream of effluent discharge). Embryos were incubated following a two-way (crossover) analysis of variance experimental design that allowed discrimination between effects due to maternal transfer to eggs and effects due to site water exposure in the developing embryos.

Evidence for frontal-subcortical circuit abnormalities in bipolar affective disorder.

Most of the literature on bipolar disorder has focused on abnormalities of neurotransmitters rather than brain circuits. The few discussions of circuits have primarily focused on the limbic system. Evidence is accumulating, however, that basal ganglia-thalamic-cortical reentrant circuits play a major role in the affective, motor and cognitive symptoms of a number of neuropsychiatric conditions including bipolar disorder.

Alleles of a reelin CGG repeat do not convey liability to autism in a sample from the CPEA network.

A recent study by Persico et al. [2001: Mol Psychiatry 6:150-159] suggests alleles of a CGG polymorphism, just 5' of the reelin gene (RELN) initiator codon, confer liability for autism, especially alleles bearing 11 or more CGG repeats (long alleles). The association is consistent across both a case-control and family-based sample.

No evidence for linkage of liability to autism to HOXA1 in a sample from the CPEA network.

A recent study by Ingram et al. [2000b: Teratology 62:393-405] suggests a (His)73(Arg) polymorphism (A:G) in HOXA1 contributes substantially to a liability for autism. Using 68 individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders, they found a significant dearth of G homozygotes and biased transmission of G alleles from parents to affected offspring, especially from mothers.