[Pediatric therapeutic options in autoimmune neurologic diseases].

The pediatric neuroimmunology field has made significant progress in the last decade. Now, is possible to recognize primary demyelinating diseases, paraneoplastic syndromes, inflammatory (vasculitis), and granulomatous disorders that affect the central nervous system; at the same time, it is important to exclude neurologic manifestations caused by infections, toxic agents, and metabolic problems. An early diagnosis is imperative to institute treatment as soon as possible, improving outcomes.

[Autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric population].

Autoimmune encephalitis can be defined as central nervous system inflammation, secondary to multiple causes, where we can possibly identify the formation of auto-antibody against neurotransmitter receptors or neuronal surface proteins. Approximately 50% of patients are seropositive; the auto-antibody against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) are the most common. In the pediatric population, the clinical presentation is characterized by movement disorders and seizures, psychiatric manifestations are more commonly found in young adults.