Early-Onset Scoliosis: Updated Treatment Techniques and Results.

Study Design: This is a review of the current literature on early-onset scoliosis (EOS) techniques and treatment written by the Growing Spine Committee of the Scoliosis Research Society.

Objectives: The Growing Spine Committee of the Scoliosis Research Society sought to update the information available on the definition and treatment of EOS, including new information about existing techniques.

Summary Of Background Data: EOS represents a diverse, heterogeneous, and clinically challenging group of spinal disorders occurring in children under the age of 10.

Circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

The aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has been linked to many factors, such as asymmetric growth, neuromuscular condition, bone strength and genetic background. Recently, epigenetic factors have been proposed as contributors of AIS physiopathology, but information about the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved is scarce. Regarding epigenetic factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) are molecules that contribute to gene expression modulation by regulating important cellular pathways.