Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy - assessment of offspring thyroid status and mitochondrial robustness to stress.

Subclinical hypothyroidism's clinical implications on pregnancy are controversial. Consequently, thyrotropin (TSH) cutoff-values for pregnancy are continuously a subject for debate. In subclinical hypothyroidism, altered levels of thyroid hormones may affect mitochondrial function.

Expressions of mitochondria-related genes in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, and expressions of miRNAs in maternal and cord blood.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy and definition by upper thyrotropin (TSH) cutoff are controversial. As mitochondria are influenced by thyroid hormones, the purpose in this study was to measure expression of mitochondria-related genes in euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid pregnant women to obtain more knowledge of potential metabolic consequences of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism. In addition, we wished to test if applied TSH-cutoff significantly changed our results of expressed gene-levels.

Long-term stability of thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) in serum in the Danish General Suburban Population Study.

Objectives: We evaluated the long-term stability of thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO).

Methods: In the Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS), serum samples were biobanked at -80 °C during 2010-2013. In a paired design with 70 subjects, we compared anti-TPO (30-198 U/mL) measured on fresh serum on Kryptor Classic in 2010-2011 (anti-TPO) with anti-TPO remeasured on frozen serum (anti-TPO) on Kryptor Compact Plus in 2022.

Absorption, metabolism and excretion of once-weekly somapacitan, a long-acting growth hormone derivative, after single subcutaneous dosing in human subjects.

Somapacitan is a reversible albumin-binding growth hormone (GH) derivative in clinical development for once-weekly administration in patients with adult GH deficiency (AGHD) and children with GH deficiency (GHD). To date, the use of somapacitan in AGHD or severe AGHD has been approved in the USA and Japan, respectively. This study (ClinicalTrials.

Mitochondrial energetics and contents evaluated by flow cytometry in human maternal and umbilical cord blood.

Mitochondrial dysfunction may relate to metabolic disorders. The relation between maternal and fetal mitochondrial function needs attention due to heritage. To evaluate the use of the staining methods TetraMethylRhodamine Methyl Ester (TMRM) and Mitotracker Green (MTG) for flow cytometric measurements of umbilical cord blood mitochondrial function.

[Not Available].

We have previously reported decreased thyroid function within the laboratory reference range and changes in mitochondrial function after hemithyroidectomy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and coactivator-1β (PGC-1β) are key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The aim was to examine the influence of hemithyroidectomy on the longitudinal change in mRNA expression of these genes.

Corrigendum to "Impaired Fertility Associated with Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity: The Danish General Suburban Population Study".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/132718.].

Absorption, metabolism and excretion of the GLP-1 analogue semaglutide in humans and nonclinical species.

Semaglutide is a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue in clinical development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The absorption, metabolism and excretion of a single 0.5mg/450μCi [16.

Cognitive assessment at bedside for iPad: A preliminary validation of a novel cognitive test for stroke patients.

Introduction: Cognitive impairments are frequent in stroke. Cognitive testing is important for research, prognostication and planning in sub-acute stroke, but poses difficulties due to aphasia, hemineglect, hemiplegia and fatigue. We present the first steps towards a validation of a novel iPad-based test battery: Cognitive Assessment at Bedside for iPad (CABPad).

Impaired Fertility Associated with Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity: The Danish General Suburban Population Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to estimate the significance of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in women from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) on the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, and the number of spontaneous abortions.

Methods: Retrospective cross sectional study of 11254 women participating in GESUS. Data included biochemical measurements and a self-administrated questionnaire.

Weight Gain and Serum TSH Increase within the Reference Range after Hemithyroidectomy Indicate Lowered Thyroid Function.

Background. Weight gain is frequently reported after hemithyroidectomy but the significance is recently discussed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine changes in body weight of hemithyroidectomized patients and to evaluate if TSH increase within the reference range could be related to weight gain.

Persistent cellular metabolic changes after hemithyroidectomy for benign euthyroid goiter.

Background: The significance of perturbations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones within the laboratory reference ranges after hemithyroidectomy is unknown. Our aim was to examine changes in TSH and thyroid hormones after hemithyroidectomy for benign euthyroid goiter, focusing on tissue response by examining the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and basal oxygen consumption (V˙O2).

Materials And Methods: In a prospective study on 28 patients and controls, we examined serum TSH and thyroid hormones before hemithyroidectomy and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after hemithyroidectomy for benign euthyroid goiter.

Pregnancy-induced alterations in mitochondrial function in euthyroid pregnant women and pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism; relation to adverse outcome.

Background: It is well documented that overt hypothyroidism is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but studies of subclinical hypothyroidism have demonstrated conflicting results.

Objective: Thyroid hormones are known to regulate mitochondrial function, and the aim of this study was to examine the possible relationship of subclinical hypothyroidism and mitochondrial dysfunction to adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women.

Methods: Women in their third trimester of pregnancy ( = 113) who did not receive thyroid medication were included in this cross-sectional study.

Ferrous bisglycinate 25 mg iron is as effective as ferrous sulfate 50 mg iron in the prophylaxis of iron deficiency and anemia during pregnancy in a randomized trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of oral ferrous bisglycinate 25 mg iron/day vs. ferrous sulfate 50 mg iron/day in the prevention of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant women.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, intention-to-treat study.

Synthesis of tocopheryl succinate phospholipid conjugates and monitoring of phospholipase A₂ activity.

Tocopheryl succinates (TOSs) are, in contrast to tocopherols, highly cytotoxic against many cancer cells. In this study the enzyme activity of secretory phospholipase A(2) towards various succinate-phospholipid conjugates has been investigated. The synthesis of six novel phospholipids is described, including two TOS phospholipids conjugates.

Prostaglandin phospholipid conjugates with unusual biophysical and cytotoxic properties.

The synthesis of two secretory phospholipase A(2) IIA sensitive 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) phospholipid conjugates is described and their biophysical and biological properties are reported. The conjugates spontaneously form particles in the liposome size region upon dispersion in an aqueous buffer and both phospholipids are hydrolyzed by phospholipase A(2), but with different conversion rates and extent of hydrolysis. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in HT-29 and Colo205 cells and the conjugates induced cell death in the presence of phospholipase A(2) and surprisingly also in the absence of the enzyme.

Synthesis of small molecules with high scaffold diversity: exploitation of metathesis cascades in combination with inter- and intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions.

Our knowledge of the biological relevance of regions of chemical space is shaped, in large part, by the synthetic accessibility of small molecules. Historically, however, chemists have explored chemical space in an exceptionally uneven and unsystematic way. We have previously demonstrated that metathesis cascade chemistry may be harnessed to yield small molecule collections with high scaffold diversity.

Liposomal formulation of retinoids designed for enzyme triggered release.

The design of retinoid phospholipid prodrugs is described based on molecular dynamics simulations and cytotoxicity studies of synthetic retinoid esters. The prodrugs are degradable by secretory phospholipase A(2) IIA and have potential in liposomal drug delivery targeting tumors. We have synthesized four different retinoid phospholipid prodrugs and shown that they form particles in the liposome size region with average diameters of 94-118 nm.

Thyroid hormone effect on human mitochondria measured by flow cytometry.

Background: Mitochondrial function may be impaired in a number of diseases including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and endocrine disorders. Therefore it is important to be able to measure mitochondrial function in human cells.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate a method to measure mitochondrial function in human derived cells, which also would reflect regulation by thyroid hormones.

Synthesis and biophysical characterization of chlorambucil anticancer ether lipid prodrugs.

The synthesis and biophysical characterization of four prodrug ether phospholipid conjugates are described. The lipids are prepared from the anticancer drug chlorambucil and have C16 and C18 ether chains with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylglycerol headgroups. All four prodrugs have the ability to form unilamellar liposomes (86-125 nm) and are hydrolyzed by phospholipase A(2), resulting in chlorambucil release.

Extrinsic factors modifying expressivity of the HFE variant C282Y, H63D, S65C phenotypes in 1,294 Danish men.

This study analysed the influence of extrinsic factors on the phenotypic expression of HFE gene variants in ethnic Danish men. A cohort of 6,020 men aged 30-53 years was screened for HFE C282Y, H63D and S65C variants. Serum iron, serum transferrin, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin were analysed in 1,452 men and 1,294 men completed a questionnaire on factors, which could influence iron balance.

Genetic screening for HFE hemochromatosis in 6,020 Danish men: penetrance of C282Y, H63D, and S65C variants.

The aim of this epidemiologic population survey was to assess the penetrance of the most frequent hemochromatosis (HFE) gene variants in ethnic Danish men. A cohort of 6,020 men aged 30-53 years was screened for HFE C282Y, H63D, and S65C variants by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Subsequently, iron status markers (serum transferrin saturation, serum ferritin) were analyzed in 1,452 men.

Frequencies of the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) variants C282Y, H63D and S65C in 6,020 ethnic Danish men.

The objective was to assess the frequencies of haemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations or variants C282Y, H63D and S65C in ethnic Danes. This is a prospective epidemiologic population study. A cohort of 6,020 Danish men aged 30-50 years was screened for HFE C282Y (c845G-->A), H63D (c187C-->G) and S65C (c193A-->T) gene variants, assessed on saliva or blood samples by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.

Assessment of the psychological effects of genetic screening for hereditary hemochromatosis.

Discovery of genetic variants of the HFE gene has made it possible to screen for hereditary hemochromatosis. However, genetic screening raises ethical, legal, social, and psychological questions, which need to be addressed. To assess the psychological impact on individuals undergoing genetic screening for hereditary hemochromatosis and to determine the effects of providing different levels of information to the participants.

[Rehabilitation of stroke patients].

The introduction of stroke units is the only well-documented cause of reduced stroke mortality during the latest decades. Factors affecting rehabilitation outcome in terms of activities of daily living includes hemiplegia, urinary and fecal incontinence, cognitive deficits and anosognosia. Physiotherapy, speech therapy and cognitive rehabilitation are indicated whenever the relevant symptoms are present, although there is insufficient knowledge of the relative efficiency of competing methods.