BRCA1 expression, its correlation with clinicopathological features, and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Aim: In high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HG-SOC), BRCA1 mutation is one of the predominant mutations reported by various studies. However, the non-mutational mechanisms of BRCA pathway inactivation in HG-SOC are unclear. We evaluated BRCA1 inactivation by estimating its expression with its repressor, ID4, in primary and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)-treated HG-SOC tumors with known therapeutic responses.

Phase II Trial on the Feasibility of Single-Dose Intraoperative Intraperitoneal Carboplatin in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Following Optimal Cytoreductive Surgery.

To evaluate the feasibility administering single-dose intraoperative intraperitoneal carboplatin (IP) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) after optimal primary or interval debulking surgery. A phase II non-randomized prospective study conducted at a regional cancer institute from January 2015 to December 2019. The advanced high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer FIGO stage IIIB-IVA was included.

Role of Salvage Surgery in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: a Regional Cancer Centre Experience.

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a curable cancer with chemotherapy. However, some develop chemoresistance to standard chemotherapy and surgery can be a useful option in them. Our study aimed to assess the role of salvage surgery in GTN with chemoresistance.

Impact of Optimal Therapy and Prognostic Factors in Malignant Germ Cell Tumors of Ovary: 20 Years' Institutional Experience.

The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of clinicopathological and treatment-related factors on survival in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumor. A total of 253 patients of ovarian germ cell malignancy were retrospectively reviewed during 2000-2019. Out of these, 111 had primary treatment at our institute, which is a dedicated regional cancer center.

Metabolic Reprogramming and Lipophagy Mediates Survival of Ascites Derived Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Cells.

Objective: The study was aimed at understanding the survival of metastatic ovarian cancer spheroids in the malignant ascites microenvironment.

Methods: All the assays were performed using aseptically collected patient samples. The cells were characterized for the expression of ovarian and cancer stem cell markers using immunocytochemistry.

A Prospective Study on Metronomic Scheduling of Non-chemotherapeutic Drugs in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancers.

Unlabelled: The objectives of this study are to assess the role of non-chemotherapeutic combination of drugs as maintenance therapy, after standard treatment, for advanced epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) and to determine the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). One hundred women with advanced high-grade EOC who had completed standard treatment by primary/interval debulking surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy were randomised to either receive (study group) or not to receive (control group) the non-chemotherapeutic maintenance therapy (oral metformin, anastrozole, aspirin, atorvastatin, vitamin D, injection zoledronic acid). Both groups were followed up, and trends of RFS and CSS were analysed.

Growing Teratoma Syndrome a Rare Clinical Entity: Two Decades Management Experience from the Regional Cancer Institute.

To study the clinical, biochemical, radiological, pathological characteristics, surgical treatment details, and follow-up of growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) patients. This is a retrospective study of GTS treated in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology at a regional cancer institute from March 2000 to March 2020. A total of 303 cases of germ cell ovarian cancers were treated, and 8 (2.

Outcomes of Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preparedness to Practising Continuous Cancer Care.

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on healthcare services. Deprioritisation of nonemergency clinical services and growing concerns of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in cancer patients is having a deleterious impact across oncologic practice. We report cancer surgery outcomes taking into account the acuity of the COVID-19 situation.

Aberrant Promoter Hypermethylation of RASSF1a and BRCA1 in Circulating Cell-Free Tumor DNA Serves as a Biomarker of Ovarian Carcinoma.

Objective: Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women. Ovarian cancer is diagnosed at the late stages and generally relapses within 12-14 months of cytoreductive surgery. This is attributed to lack of precise molecular detection methodologies to detect and track the disease.

Role of salvage therapy in chemo resistant or recurrent high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasm.

Objectives: To assess the importance of salvage therapy in the management of high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (HR GTN) after failure of first line multiagent chemotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective study involving women with HR GTN treated at Kidwai cancer institute from 2000 to 2015. Initial chemotherapy consisted of etoposide, methotrexate with folinic acid, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (EMA-CO).

A review of squamous cell carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary.

Introduction: Germ cell tumors account for 20-25% of ovarian neoplasms. Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor. Malignancy in MCT is seen in 1-2% of the cases.

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Mimicking as Ovarian Tumor in Gynaecologic Oncology.

To report the clinical presentation and outcomes of a series of patients who presented with abdominal/pelvic mass or pelvic pain and were diagnosed with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Retrospective data were collected of all patients who presented with an abdominal/pelvic mass or pelvic pain between January 2010 and July 2015 and who were ultimately diagnosed with a GIST. The patients' medical records were reviewed.

Anesthetic management of staged thoracoscopic repair of bilateral eventration of diaphragm in a neonate.

Congenital eventration of the diaphragm is a rare disorder, the perioperative management of which is challenging. The introduction of thoracoscopic repair of these defects has considerably reduced the perioperative morbidity and mortality in these patients. In spite of the advantages of thoracoscopy which include smaller chest incisions, reduced postoperative pain, and more rapid postoperative recovery compared with thoracotomy, it is still inherent with complications unique to it.

Complicated canal morphology of mandibular first premolar.

The aim of this article was to report an unusual anatomic variation of mandibular first premolar, with one root and three distinct canals, which leave pulp chamber and merge short of apex to exit as two separate apical foramina. The incidence of three canals existing as two apical foramina has only been documented in the literature by a few case reports. To achieve successful endodontic treatment, the clinician has to identify the different canal configurations and treat them properly.

Refractory Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Novel Drug Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Produces Durable Complete Remission.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results with novel drug combination consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin (PC) for salvage of refractory high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) previously treated with EMA-CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) and EMA-EP (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin, and cisplatin) regimens.

Study Design: This was a prospective study conducted at a regional cancer institute from 2008 to 2012. The study group received the combination of paclitaxel (175 mg/m) and carboplatin (area under the curve, 6) intravenously every 3 weeks.

Vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms and a synchronized examination of plasma and tissue expression in epithelial ovarian cancers.

In this study, we have analyzed six genetic polymorphisms of the VEGF-A gene and correlated the genetic data with plasma and tissue expression of VEGF-A in epithelial ovarian carcinomas. A total of 130 cases including 95 malignant carcinomas, 17 low malignant potential and 18 benign tumours were studied. rs699947, rs833061, rs1570360, rs2010963, rs1413711 and rs3025039 were studied by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Relationship between promoter methylation & tissue expression of MGMT gene in ovarian cancer.

Background & Objectives: Epigenetic alterations, in addition to multiple gene abnormalities, are involved in the genesis and progression of human cancers. Aberrant methylation of CpG islands within promoter regions is associated with transcriptional inactivation of various tumour suppressor genes. O 6-methyguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a DNA repair gene that removes mutagenic and cytotoxic adducts from the O 6 -position of guanine induced by alkylating agents.

Primary peritoneal carcinoma: regional cancer institute experience.

Primary peritoneal serous carcinoma (PPSC) is a rare malignancy that arises primarily from peritoneal surface epithelium. However there are limited studies on these tumors even in world literature. To study the clinical, pathologic profile, outcome and prognostic features of PPSC.

The risk and pattern of pelvic and para aortic lymph nodal metastasis in patients with intermediate and high risk endometrial cancer.

There is a continuous debate about the extent and prognostic value of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer. Systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer provides a more accurate assessment of neoplastic spread and may help in better individualization of patients for adjuvant therapy. To evaluate the risk and pattern of retroperitoneal lymph nodes metastasis in patients with endometrial cancers having intermediate and high risk factors for nodal metastasis and recurrence.

Epigenetic alteration of p16 and retinoic acid receptor beta genes in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Silencing of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes by promoter hypermethylation is one of the major events in ovarian carcinogenesis. In this study, we analyzed aberrant promoter methylation of p16 and RAR-β genes in 134 epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOCs), 23 low malignant potential (LMP) tumors, 26 benign cystadenomas, and 15 normal ovarian tissues. Methylation was investigated by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and the results were confirmed by bisulfite DNA sequencing.

BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation and protein expression in ovarian carcinoma--an Indian study.

Mounting evidences suggest that aberrant methylation of CpG islands is a major pathway leading to the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes and the development of cancer. The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence of the promoter hypermethylation and protein expression of the BRCA1 gene in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) to understand the role of epigenetic silencing in ovarian carcinogenesis. We studied the promoter methylation of the BRCA1 gene by methylation-specific PCR in a cohort of 88 patients with EOC, 14 low malignant potential (LMP) tumours and 20 patients with benign tumours of the ovary.

Risk strata-based therapy and outcome in stage Ib-IIa carcinoma cervix: single-centre ten-year experience.

Aim: To review the outcome of stage (Ib, IIa), cervical cancer patients were primarily treated with radical hysterectomy and risk-based postoperative therapy.

Material And Methods: Between January 2001 and December 2011, 601 cases underwent surgery followed by tailored therapy. Patients were classified into low risk (pelvic lymph node negative, tumour less than 4 cm, no evidence of lympho-vascular invasion, less than one-third of thickness of surgical stoma involved), intermediate risk (positive lympho-vascular space invasion, tumour size more than 4 cm, and deep invasion of cervical stroma), and high risk (pelvic lymph node involved, positive parametrial, or vaginal margins) groups.

A clinical update on massive ovarian oedema - a pseudotumour?

Objective: Benign massive ovarian oedema is a rare clinical entity arising from the ovaries, and it poses a significant clinical challenge as it can be easily mistaken for neoplasm. Due to the lack of pathognomonic clinical features or characteristic hallmarks on non-invasive diagnostic modalities and the dependence on the final histopathology, the efforts of the surgeon have been deviated from performing fertility-sparing surgery on young women. The lack of standardised guidelines due to the rarity of this condition calls for a review of the literature to enable the clinician to formulate treatment guidelines.