State-level desegregation in the U.S. South and mid-life cognitive function among Black and White adults.

Rationale: Black adults experience worse cognitive function than their White peers. Although educational attainment is an important predictor of cognitive function, other aspects of education, including school desegregation, may also shape this relationship. For Black adults who grew up in the U.

OUTCOME OF REVISION PROCEDURES FOR FAILED PRIMARY MACULAR HOLE SURGERY.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of revision surgery for idiopathic full-thickness macular holes that have failed to close after primary surgery, and also to assess factors predicting success and to review the relative effect of adjunctive surgical techniques.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study. Anatomical closure rates and visual acuity change between pre and postrevision surgery were assessed.

Determinants of vitreomacular traction width: associations with foveal floor width and vitreoretinal interface changes.

To investigate the relationship between vitreomacular traction (VMT) width, foveal floor width (FFW) and other anatomical characteristics between eyes of patients with VMT. Retrospective observational study of unilateral and bilateral VMT cases from two specialist ophthalmic centres in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2016 and 2018. For unilateral VMT cases: VMT width in the affected eye and FFW in the non-affected fellow eye were measured.

The Association between Foveal Floor Measurements and Macular Hole Size.

Purpose: Determining which factors influence idiopathic macular hole (MH) size is important because it is a major prognostic indicator of treatment success. Foveal pit morphologic features are highly symmetrical within individuals and may influence idiopathic MH size. Using a series of patients with unilateral idiopathic MHs, we examined the foveal floor size of the fellow eye to evaluate its relationship with idiopathic MH size and postoperative outcomes.

New features in MEK retinopathy.

Background: The use of molecularly targeted therapy is becoming widespread in oncology. These agents cause tumour-specific genetic alterations in signal transduction pathways, hence less generalised toxicity. Dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor and Trametinib, a MEK inhibitor are two molecularly targeted agents recently approved for treatment of advanced, unresectable melanomas.

Clinical response of pigment epithelial detachment associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration in switching treatment from Ranibizumab to Aflibercept.

Background: To study the clinical outcomes of pigment epithelial detachment (PED) associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in patients switched from Ranibizumab to Aflibercept.

Methods: Retrospective non-comparative case series. 50 eyes with active nAMD and fovea involving PED of ≥100 μm measured manually using the caliper on the OCT, initially treated with intravitreal Ranibizumab (0.

Association of anemia and mineral and bone disorder with health-related quality of life in Asian pre-dialysis patients.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The association of CKD-related complications such as anemia and mineral and bone disorders (MBD) with HRQoL in pre-dialysis patients is not well-studied. As such, this study aimed to determine the association of anemia and MBD with HRQoL in pre-dialysis patients.

Retinal features in Mulvihill-Smith syndrome.

Background: Mulvihill-Smith syndrome is a rare progeroid syndrome of sporadic nature. Previously reported ophthalmological findings include astigmatism, myopia, endothelial dystrophy, keratoconus, cataract, band keratopathy, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, amblyopia, and allergic conjunctivitis.

Materials And Methods: The proband, a 25-year-old male subject diagnosed with Mulvihill-Smith syndrome in childhood developed retinal changes with onset of adulthood.

Adder bite on eyelid along with retained intraorbital fangs.

Purpose: Snake bite to the eye is a rare event. Most cases reported in the literature are due to boa constrictor bites. This is a rare case of snake bite from a common adder (Vipera berus) to the ocular adnexa along with a retained intraorbital tooth.

Intraoperative clouding of a posterior chamber intraocular lens.

The glistening and delayed opacification of intraocular lenses (IOLs) has been reported in literature as a late and permanent change in the acrylic IOL due to temperature change. We report a case in which clouding and opacification of an IOL occurred intraoperatively within a few seconds of implantation into the capsular bag after routine phacoemulsification. This phenomenon occurred due to the sudden change in temperature of a very cold IOL being implanted into the eye at body temperature.

Ocular decompression retinopathy following post-trabeculectomy suture lysis and management with triamcinolone acetonide.

Ocular decompression retinopathy (ODR) is a rare complication of sudden lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. An 80-year-male, a known case of chronic open-angle glaucoma for 13 years, had his IOP controlled by multiple topical antiglaucoma medications. There was an increase in IOP, progression of optic disc cupping and visual field loss along with cataract over the past 6 months.

Subconjunctival Loa loa.

Loa loa (commonly known as the 'African eye worm') is a nematode commonly found in areas in and around the rainforests and swamps of Western and Central Africa. In recent years, due to an increase in international travel and migration various 'exotic' tropical diseases are being reported all over the world especially in Europe and North America. So far there have been no recent cases reported from the UK.

Ocular and non-ocular manifestations of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a group of rare multisystemic genetic syndromes that affects ectodermal structures such as skin, hair, nails, teeth and sweat glands. The authors present a case of a child with ocular and dermatological signs of HED along with severe involvement of other multiple organ systems. The family history could be traced to four generations and there was an observed trend of increase in severity of signs and symptoms occurring at younger age.

Extracorporeal removal of toxins.

Holubek et al. reviewed data on extracorporeal removal (ECR) of toxins from the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System (TESS) from 1985 to 2005. Hemodialysis use increased, but hemoperfusion nearly disappeared.