Raman signatures of inversion symmetry breaking structural transition in quasi-1D compound, (TaSe4)3I.

The breaking of inversion symmetry combined with spin-orbit coupling, can give rise to intrigu- ing quantum phases and collective excitations. Here, we report systematic temperature dependent Raman scattering and theoretical calculations of phonon modes across the inversion symmetry- breaking structural transitions in a quasi-one-dimensional compound (TaSe4)3I. Our investigation revealed the emergence of three additional Raman-active modes in Raman spectra of the low- temperature (LT) non-centrosymmetric (NC) structure of the material.

Does Intra-Operative Methylprednisolone Improve Outcomes of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy? - A Prospective Randomized Study.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: In this study, we hypothesize administering fixed-dose intravenous steroid (Methylprednisolone) intraoperatively would reduce neuroinflammation and enhance functional and radiological outcomes in decompressive surgeries for DCM. Primary objectives were to assess effect of intraoperative MP on modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) score, Nurick grade, and MRI signal changes.

A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Community-Based Intimate Partner Violence Interventions in India.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) in India remains an entrenched and prevalent public health issue. Despite ample evidence of the widespread problem of IPV in India and associated mental and physical morbidities, far less is known about intervention models to reduce IPV in India. The aims of this meta-analysis and systematic review are to assess the effectiveness of community-based interventions to reduce IPV in India and to provide a narrative synthesis of these intervention approaches.

Pharmacological management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in geriatric traumatic brain injury: a scoping review.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to summarize the existing knowledge base on the pharmacological management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in geriatric TBI and identify gaps in the literature to guide future research.

Methods: Seven electronic databases and nine gray literature databases were systematically searched for articles that examined pharmacological management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in adults aged 65 years and over with TBI. The search was guided by four main concepts and selected based on inclusion criteria.

Long-term effect of additional rehabilitation following botulinum toxin-A on upper limb activity in chronic stroke: the InTENSE randomised trial.

Background: It is common for people with persistent spasticity due to a stroke to receive an injection of botulinum toxin-A in the upper limb, however post-injection intervention varies.

Aim: To determine the long-term effect of additional upper limb rehabilitation following botulinum toxin-A in chronic stroke.

Method: An analysis of long-term outcomes from national, multicenter, Phase III randomised trial with concealed allocation, blinded measurement and intention-to-treat analysis was carried out.

Manipulating Edge Current in Hexagonal Boron Nitride via Doping and Friction.

We map spatially correlated electrical current on the stacking boundaries of pristine and doped hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to distinguish from its insulating bulk conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM). While the pristine edges of hBN show an insulating nature, the O-doped edges reveal a current 2 orders of higher even for bulk layers where the direct transmission through tunnel barrier is implausible. Instead, the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics (-) at the edges of O-doped hBN can be explained by trap-assisted lowering of the tunnel barrier by adopting a Poole-Frenkel (PF) model.

Chronic stroke survivors with upper limb spasticity: linking experience to the ICF.

Purpose: To identify the impact of upper limb spasticity on stroke survivors by linking their shared experience to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).

Methods: Ten community dwelling adults with a chronic stroke and spasticity, who had completed an upper limb rehabilitation trial participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using content analysis and linked to the ICF Comprehensive Core Set for stroke using standard linking rules.

Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based detection of half nitrogen mustards in plasma as a new biomarker of nitrogen mustard exposure.

The development and optimization of an analytical method for the detection and identification of reactive metabolite of organochlorine chemical warfare agent nitrogen mustards (NMs), 2-[(2-chloroethyl)(alkyl)amino]ethanol (CEAAE), known as half nitrogen mustard, in blood samples is presented, herein. In this study, half nitrogen mustards in plasma are presented as a new and unambiguous biomarker of NM exposure since the fully hydrolyzed product, i.e.

Quantitative Proteomic Changes after Organophosphorous Nerve Agent Exposure in the Rat Hippocampus.

The widespread use of organophosphorous (OP) compounds and recent misuse of nerve agents on civilians requires an urgent need to decode their complex biological response to develop effective drugs. Proteomic profiling of biological target tissues helps in identification of molecular toxicity mechanisms. Quantitative proteomics profiling of the rat hippocampus was studied in this study.

Mass spectral fragmentation of perfluoroacyl derivatives of half nitrogen mustards for their detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Analytical methods for the detection and identification of half nitrogen mustards (halfNMs), i.e., partially hydrolyzed products of nitrogen mustards (pHpNMs), using silyl derivatives are often associated with low sensitivity and selectivity.

Effect of Additional Rehabilitation After Botulinum Toxin-A on Upper Limb Activity in Chronic Stroke: The InTENSE Trial.

Background and Purpose- The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of additional upper limb rehabilitation following botulinum toxin-A for upper limb activity in chronic stroke. Methods- We conducted a multicenter phase III randomized trial with concealed allocation, blinded measurement, and intention-to-treat analysis. One hundred forty stroke survivors who were scheduled to receive botulinum toxin-A in any muscle(s) that cross the wrist because of moderate to severe spasticity after a stroke >3 months ago, who had completed formal rehabilitation and had no significant cognitive impairment.

Mass spectral studies of silyl derivatives of partially hydrolyzed products of nitrogen mustards: Important markers of nitrogen mustard exposure.

Rationale: Nitrogen mustards (NMs) are vesicant class of chemical warfare agents. From the viewpoint of the Chemical Weapons Convention partially hydrolyzed products of nitrogen mustards (pHpNMs) are considered as important markers of nitrogen mustard exposure. The detection of pHpNMs from biological or environmental samples is highly useful for obtaining forensic evidence of exposure to NMs.

Comparative evaluation of an improved test method for bioefficacy of insecticidal fabrics against dengue and malaria vectors.

Background: Insecticidal fabrics are important personal protective measures against mosquitoes, ticks and other disease vectors. In the absence of internationally accepted guidelines, bioefficacy tests have been carried out using continuous exposure and three minutes exposure bioassay methods. Recently, we have reported an improved method for bioefficacy testing of insecticidal fabrics, which involves continuous exposure of mosquitoes to the test fabrics.

Epigenetic and autophagic changes after nerve agent exposure in the rat piriform cortex and hippocampus.

The detrimental effects of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents have been reported but the mechanisms mediating these multiple effects are not well understood. Recent use of nerve agents in Syria and the UK illustrate their continuous threat to the modern world. Epigenetic and autophagy studies are useful to address the issues related to regulation of gene and protein expression by which nerve agents could impact on human health.

Triazine-Based Covalent Organic Framework: A Promising Sorbent for Efficient Elimination of the Hydrocarbon Backgrounds of Organic Sample for GC-MS and H NMR Analysis of Chemical Weapons Convention Related Compounds.

The strict monitoring and precise measurements of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) in environmental and other complex samples with high accuracy have great practical significance from the forensic and Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) verification point of view. Therefore, this study was aimed to develop an efficient extraction and enrichment method for identification and quantification of toxic agents, especially with high sensitivity and multidetection ability in complex samples. It is the first study on solid-phase extraction (SPE) of CWAs and their related compounds from hydrocarbon backgrounds using covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs).

Adductomics: a promising tool for the verification of chemical warfare agents' exposures in biological samples.

Humans are constantly exposed to a wide range of reactive and toxic chemicals from the different sources in everyday life. Identification of the exposed chemical helps in the detection and understanding the exposure associated adverse health effects. Covalent adducts of proteins and DNA formed after xenobiotics exposure may serve as readily measurable indicators of these exposures.

Neuroprotective Effects of Galantamine on Nerve Agent-Induced Neuroglial and Biochemical Changes.

Neuroprotection from nerve agent such as soman-induced neural damage is a major challenge for existing drugs. Nerve agent exposure can cause many neural effects in survivors arising mainly due to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition or death within minutes. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the nerve agent-induced multiple neurological effects is useful to develop better and safe drugs.

Single In Ga As nanowire/p-Si heterojunction based nano-rectifier diode.

Nanoscale power supply units will be indispensable for fabricating next generation smart nanoelectronic integrated circuits. Fabrication of nanoscale rectifier circuits on a Si platform is required for integrating nanoelectronic devices with on-chip power supply units. In the present study, a nanorectifier diode based on a single standalone In Ga As nanowire/p-Si (111) heterojunction fabricated by metal organic chemical vapor deposition technique has been studied.

Applicability of different mixed dentition analysis in Lucknow population.

Aims: The aim of this study was to test the reliability of Moyer's and Tanaka-Johnston method of mixed dentition analysis among Lucknow population and also derive a linear regression equation that would predict sum of mesiodistal widths of upper and lower canines and premolars for both sexes.

Setting And Design: Moyer's and Tanaka-Johnston mixed dentition space analysis were developed from a sample of North European descent children. Hence, it becomes questionable when applied to individuals with different ethnic origin.

Effectiveness of Mouthrinse formulated from Aqueous Extract of on Salivary Count and pH among 8- to 12-year-old School Children of Karnataka: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticar-iogenic efficacy of hot and cold aqueous extracts of against as an oral rinse and also to discover the acceptability of the mouthwash in children.

Settings And Design: Sixty children between 8 and 12 years with high caries risk were selected.

Materials And Methods: 10% concentration of hot and cold aqueous extracts were prepared.

Effect of fixed space maintainers and removable appliances on oral microflora in children: An in vivo study.

Background: Oral habits and caries if left untreated may result in crowding and arch length discrepancy in developing dentition. Therefore, appliances are used to maintain the arch length and for proper relationship between dental arches. However, its insertion may cause an increase in bacterial concentration.

Frequency and characteristics of goal attainment following BoNT-A injection for management of spasticity.

Purpose: To determine which Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) goals are commonly achieved in patients with upper limb and/or lower limb spasticity following Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT-A) injection.

Method: Adults who attended a Spasticity Management Clinic for upper and/or lower limb BoNT-A injection were included in this prospective cohort study. Goals were set by participants and/or carers in conjunction with the therapist using the GAS, prior to injection and reviewed at one month following the injection.