The association between cardiopulmonary exercise testing and postoperative outcomes in patients with lung cancer undergoing lung resection surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise capacity should be determined in all patients undergoing lung resection for lung cancer surgery and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) remains the gold standard. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between preoperative CPET and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing lung resection surgery for lung cancer through a review of the existing literature.

Methods: A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and CINAHL from inception until December 2022.

Intraoperative transfusion practice and associated outcomes following neonatal surgery in a middle-income country: A 5-year single center retrospective review.

Background: Neonates undergoing surgery are at greater risk of requiring packed red blood cell transfusion. Pediatric transfusion practices vary widely between countries and institutions, especially in the management of neonates.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the use of intraoperative blood product transfusion during neonatal surgery in current clinical practice at our institution.

Parents/Caregivers' perceptions towards use of analgesic suppositories in paediatric elective surgery.

Introduction: Despite the benefits of analgesic suppositories, there remains controversy around their administration. The perceptions of the parents and caregivers regarding this are unknown in our population. We investigated the perceptions of parents/caregivers towards the use of analgesic suppositories in elective paediatric surgery.

Perioperative management and outcomes of neonates undergoing anaesthesia for congenital tracheo-oesophageal fistula repair at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg academic hospital.

Purpose: Congenital tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) occurs in 1 in 3000 births. Perioperative management for TOF repair requires co-ordination with a multi-disciplinary team, support from critical care units, and expertise in neonatal and cardiothoracic anaesthesia. Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg academic hospital (CMJAH) is a quaternary referral centre that serves the regional community of Johannesburg, in Gauteng, South Africa.

The use of intrathecal morphine for acute postoperative pain in lower limb arthroplasty surgery: a survey of practice at an academic hospital.

Background And Purpose Of The Study: Intrathecal morphine (ITM) provides optimal postoperative analgesia in patients who are scheduled for total knee and hip operation with spinal anaesthesia. However, the ideal dose at which maximal analgesic effect occurs with minimal side effects is not known. This study aimed to describe the use of two doses of ITM and side effect profile in patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty.

The characteristics and perioperative outcomes of children with orofacial clefts managed at an academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the commonest congenital anomalies of the head and neck. Their aetiology is multifactorial, and prevalence has a geographical variation. This study sought to describe OFC cases that presented for surgery.

Contemporary Neuroprotection Strategies during Cardiac Surgery: State of the Art Review.

Open-heart surgery is the leading cause of neuronal injury in the perioperative state, with some patients complicating with cerebrovascular accidents and delirium. Neurological fallout places an immense burden on the psychological well-being of the person affected, their family, and the healthcare system. Several randomised control trials (RCTs) have attempted to identify therapeutic and interventional strategies that reduce the morbidity and mortality rate in patients that experience perioperative neurological complications.

Perioperative Doppler measurements of renal perfusion are associated with acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and severe complication in cardiac surgery. Normal renal function is dependent on adequate renal perfusion, which may be altered in the perioperative period. Renal perfusion can be assessed with Doppler measurement.

Ultrasound Hepatic Vein Ratios Are Associated With the Development of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery.

Objective: The authors investigated the use of hepatic venous and right-heart ultrasound parameters in predicting cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (AKI).

Design: This was a prospective, contextual, descriptive two-center study. Blood tests,clinical and ultrasound data were obtained preoperatively, and postoperative day one, and day four.

Profile of adult patients presenting for rheumatic mitral valve surgery at a tertiary academic hospital.

Background: Peri-operative morbidity and mortality are increased in patients with rheumatic heart disease. Pre-operative risk stratification is imperative for optimisation and a better outcome.

Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective, contextual study.

Factors associated with acute kidney injury and mortality during cardiac surgery.

Background: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is known to contribute towards the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and peri-operative morbidity and mortality. There are several patient, anaesthetic and surgical factors that contribute to its occurrence. It is imperative to know the profile of a patient who is likely to develop this complication to mitigate for modifiable risks.

Perioperative outcomes of coronary artery bypass graft surgery in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: The perioperative complications in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have been reported predominantly from developed countries, with a paucity of data from sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to report on the clinical characteristics and perioperative complications in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, managed with CABG surgery at a tertiary academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from adult patients who underwent CABG surgery during a 17-year period (January 2000 - December 2017).

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: pathophysiology and diagnostic modalities and management.

Acute kidney injury is a disease spectrum that can present with from mild renal dysfunction to complete renal failure that would require renal replacement therapy. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury is a complication that carries a grave disease burden. Risk factors are identified as being either modifiable or non-modifiable.

Audit of transfusion of blood products in paediatric congenital heart surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: Cardiac surgery is associated with peri-operative bleeding, which may result in the need for blood transfusion, particularly in paediatric congenital cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). There is a necessity for regular auditing in order to improve practices.

Methods: Retrospective, contextual, descriptive data of 105 patients were collected for the period January to December 2014.